Accentual-syllabic vesi: imvelaphi kunye nomlinganiselo

Kweli nqaku, siza sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha accentual-syllabic vesi. Chaza le nkqubo yaqaliswa yaye beza eRashiya ngayo, sichaza imilinganiselo.

Yintoni na?

Accentual-syllabic vesi - inkqubo lwesihobe esekelwe njalo kunye kudweliswe alternating unstressed kwaye ndixinezelekile amagama. Le mibongo ebhaliweyo ngale ndlela, zonke iimpawu iziinxalenye kwi unyawo, nto leyo amandla ebizwa njalo-- wabethelela izikhamiso kunye nobuthathaka - izikhamiso unstressed. Ngoko ke, uhlalutyo le mibongo iboniswe kuphela ubungakanani kodwa inani iinyawo emgceni omnye.

imvelaphi

inkqubo versification Syllabic-tonic intsukaphi kwisihobe yaseYurophu. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa ngokudibana vesi syllabic, apho kusetyenziswa iilwimi Romance, kwaye indihlaziya alliterative, zivela iilwimi zesiJamani. Le nkqubo yaphela kumazwe ahlukeneyo ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, eNgilani syllabo-tonic yasekwa kakade ngenkulungwane ye-15, wabulela eGeorge. Chaucer, kwaye eJamani kuphela ngenkulungwane ye-17 emva kokuba yotshintsho ka M. Opitz.

syllabic-tonic Russian versification

Igalelo engundoqo eya kuHlaziyo of yegama Russian zemibongo loluka M. V. Lomonosovu kunye V. K. Trediakovskomu.

Ngoko, kwi 30 kwinkulungwane ye-18 Trediakovskii uqalisa ukuthetha ngeetekisi, ogama isakhiwo yahluke kakhulu ukusuka kuloo ngexesha inkqubo syllabic versification ngokusekelwe kwinani samalunga ngelayini nganye, kunokuba ngokwexabiso ukothuka okanye izikhamiso unstressed. Ngoko ke, ngokufunda abantu ivesi kunye nesakhiwo sayo, waphetha ukuba zisekelwe kumgaqo tonics versification Russian.

Ezi zigaba zophando Trediakovskij waqalisa waqhubeka Lomonosov. Yaba nguye owadala le ndinyana accentual-syllabic in Russian. Le nkqubo, ngokusekelwe alternation lwezikhamiso ndixinezelekile kwaye unstressed, sithabathela ingqalelo amava metric. Isiseko tonics syllabo- wabeka intsomi ivesi Umgaqo - umlinganiselo yemigca indawo kunye nenani samalunga ndixinezelekile.

Ukutyhubela ngenkulungwane ye-19 yayisonganyelwa syllabic-tonic umbongo. a iimbongi ezimbalwa kuphela zaqalwa ukuhlola, oku kubangelwe ikakhulu kwezo nzame ukuba sixelise mibala womthonyama. Kulo mzekelo, malunga phakathi kwenkulungwane ye-19 ubukhulu becala kusetyenziswa dvuslozhniki. Ukusetyenziswa lokuqala esebenzayo iimitha izithathu waqala Nekrasov.

Noko ke, kule nkulungwane yama-20 baqalisa imifuniselo olunzulu zemibongo, apho ubukhulu becala eya indihlaziya nokuntsonkotha ngohlobo lwemibongo.

Imilinganiselo vesi accentual-syllabic

Kuxhomekeka inani 'namandla "yaye" ubuthathaka "iindawo unyawo, iintlobo ezimbini syllabic-tonic ubungakanani kuma - kwaye dvuslozhniki trehslozhniki. Isikhundla-yegama amabini iambic kunye ferrets to-zamagama amathathu, ke - dactyl, anapaest, amphibrach.

Ngenxa yokuba yokumiswa lungelelanisa zolwimi Russian imitha izithathu babonakala umfundi umculo ngakumbi, ukusukela umbongo ukhetha amazwi akhe kunye iisilabhili amathathu kwaye kunqabile ukuba wenze "stopnye replacement."

Ezi esikhundleni zingafunyanwa kwimisebenzi trochaic kwaye iambic, njengoko kwi umntu eyeka rhoqo kwizikhundla olunamandla iisilabhili unstressed, kalujaca - amagubu. Kulo mba, sinokuthi, ukongeza main iinyawo lwegama-mbini, kukho 2 abangabancedani:

• Pyrrhic - is iisilabhili 2 umqolo kunye noonone unaccented.
• Sponda - is iisilabhili 2 umqolo kunye izikhamiso wagxininisa.

ukusebenzisa kwabo vesi zibonelela imigca imveliso ekhethekileyo isandi ezinesingqi.

trochee

Le yenye yeendidi kweemitha disyllabic. unyawo lwakhe iisilabhili-2 kuphela - ifuthe iindleko wokuqala, wesibini - unstressed. Ferrets asoloko zisetyenziselwa iculo amazwi womculo.

Umzekelo chorea-5-emane lo mbongo Pasternak yamemeza "Hamlet": "Mna ke wayalela ngongcwalazi ebusuku / amawaka zizibonakude kwi esqwini ...". 3 emane - umsebenzi M. Yu Lermontova "Ukususela Goethe kaThixo '' Valley Angawokuphumla / zizele inkungu entsha ... '..

iambus

Accentual-syllabic vesi ezikhokelela kwisihobe Russian ngenkulungwane ye-19, yaye ubukhulu pentameter ozithandayo AS Pushkin.

Ngoko iambus - meter dissyllabic, eliquka samalunga-2 - kuqala izando yesibini unstressed. Ekususeni uxinzelelo stop iba pyrrhic, kunye ukubonakala ezongezelelweyo - in spondee.

4-hstopny pentameter yaba ethandwa kakhulu yaye ngoyena usetyenziswa rhoqo kwisihobe Russian. Ngenkulungwane ye-18 ukuya kweli imitha, ngoko, siya iintlobo "phezulu", ugxininise umahluko phakathi iimveliso odic yaye "imibongo ukukhanya", oko choir ebhaliweyo. Kodwa pentameter ngenkulungwane ye-19 uphelelwa uqhagamshelo yayo weendawo kunye umbongo kuba imitha yendalo iphela.

Umzekelo ecacile - yi Pushkin kaThixo "Eugene Onegin": "IsiLatini ngoku fashion: / Ngoko ke, ukuba wena uthetha inyani ...".

trisyllabic

Ngoku cinga iimitha izithathu Russian syllabic-tonic versification.

Dactyl - kwimitha iisilabhili ezintathu, owokuqala leyo ngombane. Umzekelo i "umgwebo kaThixo phezu oobhishophu" (VA Zhukovsky), "Mason" (V. Ya. Bryusov). Dactyl iqhele ukusetyenziswa ukulinganisa le hexameter.

Amphibrach - Kwakhona kwimitha iisilabhili ezintathu, kodwa eli xesha ke umothuko yesibini. Le versification Russian, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukwenzela epics yokubhala. Umzekelo i "indiza" - a ballad Lermontov: "Ukususela engcwabeni ngelixa umlawuli / Ukuvuka ke ngesiquphe ...".

Anapaest - meter wesithathu trisyllabic, apho aksenti iwela yegama lokugqibela. Imizekelo isakhiwo loo vesi ingaba umbongo: "Reflections ukusuka kwiveranda" (Nekrasov) kunye "Ekuqaleni, Musani ukuvusa kwakhe" (FET).