Ingqungquthela ye-Thyroid yanda: iimpawu. Iimpawu zokuqala zesifo se-thyroid

Ingubo yeTyroid yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo ze-endocrine zomzimba. Yisoloko iwela phantsi kwefuthe lezinto ezintle ezimbi, ezikhokelela ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwayo. Amahomoni avelisayo angakwazi ukulawula iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo emzimbeni. Ngenxa yoko, ukuphazanyiswa kwegciwane le-thyroid kubangela ukungalingani kunye nokuguqulwa kwamathambo kuzo zonke iisistim kunye nezicubu.

Ikhonkco ebalulekileyo emzimbeni

Iimboni ezintathu ezibalulekileyo - i-thyroxine, i-triiodothyronine kunye ne-calcitonin ziphonswa ngqo kwigazi. Uphuhliso lwabo lwenzeka kwi-epithelial layer ye-thyroid gland. Iibini ezimbini zokuqala ezi-listed hormone ziqukethe iodine. Inani elaneleyo okanye elingaphezulu kweli qela kumanzi kunye nokutya okudliwa ngumntu, kubangela izifo ezinxulumene nokusebenza kwegciwane le-thyroid.

Uphuhliso lwe-hormone ye-thyroid-stimulating iyakunqandwa zombini nakwinqanaba elingaphantsi. Ukusebenza kwamalungu kunye nezixhobo zomzimba kule meko zihluke kakhulu, ukuya kutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo. Nangona i-thyroid gland isandisiwe, iimpawu zingase zihluke. Ukuchonga ngokufanelekileyo isifo kunokufumana izibonakaliso zangaphandle kunye nophando lwebhubhoratri.

Kakhulu

I-Hyperthyroidism okanye i-thyrotoxicosis ibonakala ngokuveliswa kwemveliso ye-hormone. Akunzima ukubala isifo se-thyroid gland. IiHormone zityhefu umzimba ngokugqithisa iodine. Umntu unomdla, uvakalelwa, utyhafile. Uthukumele, ukuthuthumela kwezandla, ukubetheka, ukulungelelanisa, ukuxhamla, ukungabandakanywa nesidlo.

Kucingelwa ukuba lesi sifo sinesabelo esiza kuba nefa kwaye sithintela ikakhulukazi abasetyhini. Ukukhethwa okunjalo kudibaniswa nelokuba abafazi baxhomekeke kwiinguqu eziqhubekayo ze-hormonal ezidibene neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nokukhwabanisa, ukukhulelwa, ukuya esikhathini.

Ukukhushulwa kwesi sifo kunokuba negalelo ekukhathazekeni kwengqondo, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, izifo zentsholongwane, okanye ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi we-hypothalamic-pituitary system. Imiba yangaphandle ibalulekile. Ngokomzekelo, ithonya eliyimpembelelo ekuphuhliseni i-hyperthyroidism linokuba nexabiso elininzi lwe-iodine, elingene emzimbeni kunye nokutya.

Ama hormones angaphezulu angene egazini, utshintshe ibhalansi kwi-metabolism. Umzimba uyeka ukunyusa i-carbohydrate kwaye usebenzise amanxeba amaninzi. Kwiimeko ezinzima, "intliziyo ye-thyroid" iyaqhubeka, ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuhamba, ngelixa i-thyroid gland yanda, i-ultrasound iqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Ekuphuhlisweni kwesi sifo, ezininzi iimpawu zamehlo ziyaziwa, njengezinto ezinqabileyo ezikhanyayo, ukungakwazi ukulungisa izinto kwizinto ezikufutshane, njl njl. Xa ukuxilongwa, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba ukuba igulane ye-thyroid yanda, izizathu kunye nemiphumo iyahluka kakhulu. Bafuna ukwahlula ngokucacileyo.

Ncinane

I-Hypothyroidism isifo esibangelwa izinga eliphantsi lamahomoni egazini. Ingqungquthela ye-thyroid iyandisiwe, iimpawu zichasene ngokupheleleyo ne-thyrotoxicosis, kodwa ukususela kwesi sifo akabi kakhulu. Isigulane sibhekile, sivuvuke, sinokukhumbula, intlawulo yenhliziyo iyancinci kunezona ziqhelekileyo, kwiimeko ezinzima, ukugula komzimba kungakhula, kuze kufike kwi-cretinism.

Iqondo lokuphuhliswa kwe-hormonal insufficiency alinakuze lifaniswe nezikhalazo kwaye lifuna ukuxilongwa kwekliniki. Iimpawu zokuqala zengxaki nge-thyroid gland zichazwa zizigulane njengeentlungu zokulahleka, ukunyaniseka, isifiso sokulala.

Xa uhlolisisa ulwimi, ukuzikhukhumeza kwayo kunye nemigudu yamazinyo kwimida yayo kuyabonakala. Ukuphefumula kwamanzi kunzima. Ukuva, ukubona, ilizwi liye linyuka. Ezi ziboniso zihambelana nokuvuvukala kwazo zonke izitho kunye nezicubu. Ingubo ye-Thyroid yanda. Iimpawu zokulimala komzimba zibonakaliswe kwi-ECG.

Kubafazi, i-myxedema iyingozi ngenxa yokungabi nantoni, ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kwama-ovari. Ukongezelela, uphuhliso lwe-anemia luphawu lwe-hypothyroidism. Ukuphuhliswa okukhulu kwesi sifo, ukuba angathathi naluphi na amanyathelo, kunokukhokelela kwi-coma ye-myxedematous kwaye emva koko-ukufa.

Ezinye izizathu zokutshintsha kwisakhiwo kunye nobukhulu be-thyroid gland

Ukongezelela kwezi zinto ezingaqhelekanga, ezinye iimfuneko ezifunekayo ezichaphazela ukwandiswa kwethambo le-thyroid. Izizathu, iimpawu zokunyuka ziqikelela i-endocrinologist, esekelwe kwi-anamnesis, ukubonakaliswa kwangaphandle kwesi sifo kunye nokufunda ngegazi kwi-hormone. Ngenxa yoko, ugqirha unokukwazi ukuxilonga okuhlukileyo kwi-hypothyroidism okanye i-thyrotoxicosis, umzekelo, i-nodular goiter okanye i-adenoma ye-thyroid. I-tumor ebulalayo inokwenzeka, echaphazela i-thyroid gland. Izibonakaliso zentsholongwane ziqhelekileyo.

Nodal Toxic Goiter

Izibonakaliso zezonyango kwiintlobo ezininzi zifana ne-thyrotoxicosis, ekubeni isifo ngokwayo kubangelwa inani elinyukayo le-thyrotropic egazini. Nangona kunjalo, kukho umehluko. Nge-nodular goiter akukho zifo ze-ophthalmic kunye nezinye izibonakaliso.

Izizathu zezi sifo aziqondi kakuhle. Kukholelwa ukuba kukho imvelaphi yezofuzo kunye neemeko ezingekho phantsi kwemvelo. Ekubeni kwimihlaba emininzi, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa indlela ye-biopsy yokunyusa inaliti ukukhuphela ngaphandle kwesifo somhlaza.

I-goiter engeyona into enobuthi

Iimpawu kunye nokuxilongwa kwezifo ze-thyroid zihambelana ngqo, kodwa kufuneka zixhaswe ngolwazi jikelele malunga neemeko zokuphila zomntu ogulayo, kwaye zisekelwe kwiziphumo zee-laboratory.

Ngoko, umzekelo, i-goitre ehamba phambili yenza umfanekiso weklinikhi, ofana nesigxina. Ngexesha elifanayo i-thyroid gland yanda. Iimpawu, izikhalazo ziyancitshiswa kwi-syndrome efanayo, ebonisa ubunzulu beenkqubo. Ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kunceda ukubonelela ngembali ecacileyo kunye ne-biopsy yezinto eziphathekayo.

Aberrant goiter

Isifo, okwandisa i-thyroid gland, ngelixa iqhelekileyo-ayikho. Kukho indawo ezahlukileyo zezi zifo. Ingabinzana, i-retrograde, i-zapuschevodnoy, njl njl. Ukuncinciza izitho ezikufutshane, i-tumor ibangela iimpawu zokudlula: ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukugwinya, ukuphazamiseka , njl. Ukuhlukanisa i-goiter eyingozi kwiyiphi na enye, yenza uphando. Inxaxheba ebalulekileyo ekuxilongeni idlalwe yoseshi ye-radiosotope.

Usebenziso kunye nonyango olulondolozayo

Ukuba isakhelo se-thyroid gland sisetyenzisiwe, i- endocrinologist ehamba phambili kufuneka ilandele iimpawu kunye nokonyango kokwanda. Uya kugqiba ukuba kunokwenzeka indlela yokulondoloza unyango, enqwenelekayo. Amalungiselelo e-iodine okanye i-hormone yonyango yokutshintshwa iyakubekwa.

Oku kwenziwa ukwenzela ukususa umthwalo womsebenzi kwisigulane kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Iyeka ukuhlanganiswa amandla okongeziweyo omzimba ukuhlawulela ukungenakwanela kwayo, ngoko ke kunciphisa iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo ezifana nokuphefumula, ukukhathazeka, i-cardiovascular.

Ngokungahoywa iimpawu zesifo se-thyroid, iimpawu zinokuthi zinzulu kwaye zifuna ukungenelela. Izigulane zinikezwa iodod i-radioactive. Iqondo lokungenelela lingahluke: ukususela ekugqibeleni ngokupheleleyo kwilungu eligulayo ukuthengiselana kwinqanaba elichaphazelekayo okanye inxalenye yalo.

Ukunyangwa kwexesha lexesha ngezifo ze-thyroid, njengommiselo, kunika ukulungelelaniswa okufanelekileyo kokubuyisela. Ukuze kunqande, ngokukodwa kwimimandla eneemeko eziyinkimbinkimbi, kuyimfuneko ukuba rhoqo uhlolisiswe kunye ne-endocrinologist.