Imvelaphi kunye nembali Skiing

Skiing yavela kwi yaseScandinavia kumaXesha Aphakathi. Nokuba kwiirekhodi ngo-1700 uchaza iintlanga nasemkhenkceni outdid omnye komnye emva ubheja. mhlawumbi aba kukhuphiswano lokuqala.

Ngokusesikweni, imbali Ukuskiya waqala woKhuselo Ministry of eNorway. ilifa nasemkhenkceni Athletic wakhuthaza abaqeqeshwayo kumaqela ski. Hans Emahuzenom ngo-1733 yapapashwa umyalelo wokuqala ukuba amajoni kwi uqeqesho ski kunye ukuqhubela phambili kwezemidlalo. Ngaba imithetho yokuqala amakhuphiswano ski, leyo eyayibanjelwe 1767 kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo ukuhlangabezana yangoku slalom, Biathlon, Ukuskiya kunye longele. Iimbaleki Top ziye zanikezelwa. Ukukhuthaza cross-lizwe Ukuskiya e Oslo ngowe-1814, saba ezemidlalo kunye zomkhosi ngokutsha abahlali eli lizwe.

Imbali osisityebi Ukuskiya, ukususela eNorway, bafumana uphuhliso olukhawulezayo kuzo zonke amazwe ehlabathini. Emva ukuhlela 1877 kuluntu yokuqala Norwegian ahlala ezemidlalo iminyaka engaphezu kwama-20 kulo lonke ihlabathi ukuba amaqela ezifanayo yezemidlalo. La mava lokuqala wathabatha phezu Finland ngo-1883 - Hungary, 1891 - Austria kunye Switzerland ngo-1803 - Germany nase Italy, ngo-1895 - Sweden neRashiya, ngo-1900 - eUnited States eBulgaria, ngo-1902 g - eNgilani, ngowe-1912 - Japan.

igalelo elikhulu Ukuskiya wenza bamazwe Arctic: .. Adolf Nordenskiöld kwi-1883-1884 biennium, Fridtjof Nansen ngethuba lenguqu ukuya ski lonke eGreenland ngo-1889, Roald Amundsen ngo-1910-1911, i uhambo kwi-South Pole, apho nxaxheba ngaphezulu kwe-2.800 kweekhilomitha nasemkhenkceni. Xa XIX kade - kwiinkulungwane okuqala XX. ukhuphiswano waqala rhoqo olwenziwa onke amazwe ehlabathi. Nangona kunjalo, indlela yethu yezophuhliso kweentlobo kumazwe ahlukeneyo yayahlukile. Norway iye yakhula ephala, brandy cross-lizwe kunye Biathlon. EFinland, inkqubela-phambili ethe Ukuskiya kumaThafa. Intaba izimvo ezithandwa kumazwe Alps. Kwi-US, uphuhliso obungcali zemidlalo nempembelelo bahlali aseScandinavia. indawo Ski, phantsi kwempembelelo nabaqeqeshi Austria, waye Ukuskiya eJapan.

imbali push entsha Ukuskiya olufunyenwe emva International Ski Congress, kunye nxaxheba amazwe ali-10 ngo-1910, e-Oslo. Yasekwa apha Commission Ski International kwaba ihlelwe ngo-1924 i-International Ski Federation (FIS) ubesoloko ethatha kuqhutywa yi-World ukhuphiswano ski, kubandakanywa zonke iintlobo. Ngowe-1924, lo wokuqala Winter Olympic Games ngo-1926 - World Championship, yaye ngowe-1928 - i Universiade.

Uphuhliso Ukuskiya eRashiya

Imbali Russian of Ukuskiya yaqala ngenkulungwane XIX emva kwexesha. Iimbaleki Russian ixesha elide nje elungileyo ngolwasemzini, ngokuba uphuhliso kwathath, izifundo ahlala umthambo baba kakhulu eyonwabisayo. Ukhuphiswano lokuqala lwenzeka Februwari 13 1894 eSt Petersburg. Le abaqubhi Moscow club (MCL) wabonakala ngo-1894 kwaye kunyaka wokuqala yayibandakanya lamalungu 36 kuphela. abalandeli Ski zikhuthazwe uthando lwabo eMoscow nakwezinye izixeko, etsala gaba ayo amalungu amatsha asebenzayo. Club "Polar Star" eSt Petersburg, obengowesibini zokufikelela kuzo.

Ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu lwezixhobo zemidlalo somnyango inginginya ski iqembu ayifumaneki. Nangona ekudalweni iiklabhu ezintsha Ski eSt Petersburg, eMoscow, Ryazan, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, ESmolensk, Tula kunye nezinye izixeko ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX. Ukuskiya akakwazanga ukufumana ukusasazwa ngokubanzi eRashiya. Kuphela emva lezithuba ezabelwe iziko ngo-1910 Moscow league lyzhebezhtsev (MLL), nto leyo ezisa kunye neeklabhu ezili-10 ngoko nangoko, yaye kungekudala ukusekwa All-Russian Union of abaqubhi liye landa inani lemisitho, kunye nethuba lokuba zikuququzelele intshukumo welizwe ski.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, le meko kunye Ukuskiya Russia nto ezahlukeneyo. Ngokukhuselekileyo kunganxulunyaniswa lezemidlalo abaninzi, ingakumbi kwiindawo ski. abadlali bethu uthatha indima ebonakalayo zonke ukhuphiswano ezinkulu, kwaye belingana neenkokeli kukhuphisana ngembasa yegolide.

iintlobo uphawu Skiing

Xa Ukuskiya ziquka longele Ukuskiya, Ukuskiya cross-lizwe phezu imigama ezibude, lo kuzihlutha (ubuhlanga kunye lamba) tsiba. iintlobo ngokuqhelekileyo amakhuphiswano e Ukuskiya cross-lizwe lungohlulwa lube iintlobo emantla, iintlobo eneentaba, freestyle kunye kili.

iintlobo Northern ziqulathe Ukuskiya cross-lizwe, ski ukutsiba, orienteering, ski Biathlon okanye combined yeYurophu. Iintlobo Alps - oko kukuthi yonke into eyenza Ukuskiya: slalom, slalom omkhulu, longele, Super Giant Slalom, Alpine edityanisiweyo. Ebizwa freestyle longele ithambeka ukusebenzisa izakhi shiti kunye ballet Ukuskiya. Snowboard - nokwehla kwibhodi okhethekileyo.

Kukho neentlobo ezinjalo Ukuskiya njengoko Biathlon, skitour, ukhenketho ski, ski orienteering, ski iintaba. Ukuskiya ngokungaqhelekanga ezahlukahlukeneyo natyebileyo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Nabani na uya kukwazi ukukhetha ngokwabo indlela elungileyo eya ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabo kunye nezakhono. Ukongeza, zezemidlalo siyixhase impilo yaye uzisa kumnandi.