Imisebenzi ye Ostrowski: list of the best. Le yokuqala Ostrovsky

"Columbus Zamoskvorechye", umbhali edlalwa, leyo wajika idrama Russian kuncwadi "yokwenene" - it A. N. Ostrovsky, ogama imisebenzi ukusuka phakathi kwinkulungwane XIX yaba iphambili yaba nkulu i Maly Theatre eMoscow. Bonke baye ezibhaliweyo, zange kwenziwe zokufunda, nangenxa eqongeni. Isiphumo engama-40 lomsebenzi lokudala yaba yokuqala (50), wadala co-komnikazi, imidlalo luyasetyenzwa iguqulelwe.

Imithombo 'iphefumlelwe'

Yonke imisebenzi Ostrowski isekelwe esweni okokoko indlela yobomi kwiiklasi ezahlukeneyo zentlalo, abarhwebi becala kunye iindwalutho.

Esakhula umbhali abadlulayo ngoku okhonza - kwisithili omdala eMoscow, nto leyo kakhulu ihlalwa abarhwebi. Ngoko ke Ostrovsky wayeqhelene kakuhle indlela yobomi kunye neempawu intrafamily kunye nobudlelwane kwezentlalo. Phakathi kwenkulungwane XIX, kubonakala "beyifuna" ngakumbi nangakumbi ebizwa njalo-- baya kungena zomrhwebi entsha.

kuluncedo kakhulu sasingumsebenzi-Ofisi wenkundla eMoscow yesazela apho Alexander wazibandakanya ngo-1843. kweminyaka 8 kokuma lezimangalo emininzi kunye neengxabano zabathengisi nezalamane ukuba yande inkcazelo ebalulekileyo apho aya kubhalwa imisebenzi emihle Ostrovsky.

Xa umsebenzi ekuchubekeni yagqiba ama-4 ixesha esisiseko. Nganye yabalasela indlela ekhethekileyo ukuboniswa bobukho imbonakalo ngamaqhekeza olukhazimlisiweyo.

iminyaka 1847-1851. Yemifuniselo yokuqala

Izincoko abhalwe umoya 'yesikolo yendalo' yaye ngokuhambelana nezithethe ebekwe phantsi Gogol, bazisa isihloko umbhali abo basandula kuqalisa "Columbus Zamoskvorechye". Kodwa pretty kungekudala ke indawo yokudlala, apho iintlobo vytesnli ngokupheleleyo ibonwe.

Le yokuqala Ostrovsky - "Picture Family", funda kuqala ngumbhali kwi itheko S. Shevyreva. Kodwa udumo kuzisa "Bankrut", kamva igama "abantu bakhe -! Kwababaliweyo" Indlela abasabela ngayo intwana nje ngephanyazo. Kuhlolwa ngayo wavalwa nangoko (abhaliweyo 1849, weza kwi imeko kuphela 1861), kunye V. Odoyevski ngebande elinye kunye "ignoramus", "Yeha evela Wit" yaye "Umhloli". Iminyaka emininzi, imveliso iye ukufunda ngempumelelo kwizangqa nantambama loncwadi, ukubonelela umbhali mfana ezamkelwe jikelele.

iminyaka 1852-1855. xesha "Moskvityaninsky"

Eli lixesha xa Ostrovsky wajoyina i "abasebenzi abatsha Umhleli" iphephancwadi, eshumayela ingcamango 'umhlaba, kwaye kufuneka kumaKanan umdla. Abameli kwiklasi loluntu, hayi ezinxulumene serfdom hayi umtshato ebantwini, abe, ngokutsho Grigoryev, nabalibutho entsha leyo enokuchaphazela ukuphuhliswa Russia. Kweli xesha le-3 isebenza Ostrowski, enye yazo - "Poverty hayi siphene".

Kwisiqwenga umfanekiso ngokuphathelele intsapho umthengisi Tortsov. uyise indelelo kunye okhohlakeleyo, abanekratshi, uceba ukutshata intombi yakhe, xa uthando ne igosa abaziintsizana Korshunova clever natyebileyo. Yeyona umthengisi isizukulwana esitsha, ongazange aphoswe yakhe. Akholwe-esasibizwa umzalwana owuthandayo akakwazi - sinotyekelo ubunxila, hayi uyiqwebe imali eninzi, kodwa yonke imithetho yokuziphatha ilandelayo. Ngenxa yoko, ityala iyatyhilwa ngempumelelo Luba, yaye umbhali uthi uloyiso Russian iintsomi nenkcubeko kunye namasiko yaseYurophu.

iminyaka 1856-1860. Rapprochement ne "Contemporary"

Imisebenzi eli xesha: "A Luyingenelo Post", "Xa ibhabhalaza umthendeleko wasemzini" yaye, ke, "The Storm" - kube ngumphumo zokwazisela indima iklasi merchant kwesilisa lizwe. Oku akusayi umdla ngumbhali, kunye neempawu ngakumbi nangakumbi nguzwilakhe isisifo sizama ukuxhathisa (ziziphumo abaqhelekileyo of "Contemporary") entsha yedemokhrasi. Oku kakhulu ngokucacileyo "ubukumkani ubumnyama" sele ziboniswe kwi umbhali yintlekele single "I-Storm". Apha, kukho abantu abatsha abafuni ukubeka up kunye nemithetho domostroevskimi.

Ukuhlalutya imisebenzi wadala kule minyaka 40-50, A. Grigoriev ebizwa Ostrovskogo A. N. "imbongi abantu bakaThixo" wenyaniso wagxininisa ziqhele kuboniswe bekwenza ngemizobo yabo yepeyinti.

iminyaka 1861-1886. umsebenzi oveza

Kwiminyaka 25 ekuchubekeni post-guqula wabhala imisebenzi ngokucacileyo, abohlukeneyo jenri nomxholo. Zingakotshwa amaqela ngamaqela eziliqela.

1. Comedy ngobomi yabathengisi: "Inyaniso kukuba kakuhle, kodwa ulonwabo ilungile", "yonke imihla ayikho ngeCawa."
2. Uvuthondaba: "Iingcuka Izimvu", "Easy Money," "The Forest", kunye nabanye.
3. "Imifanekiso wobomi eMoscow 'yaye' amaxabiso emaphandleni 'abantu' omncinane" "Iintsuku Heavy", "umhlobo omdala abo ngaphezu ezimbini ezintsha," njl
4. Kronike ngomxholo zembali: "Kozma Minin Zaharich-Sukhoruk" kunye nabanye.
5. drama Psychological "ixhoba Last", "uMtshakazi".

Ngaphandle lo mdlalo-tale "Snow Ntombazana".

Imisebenzi ye eminyaka yokugqibela baba iimpawu yeengxaki bulumko kunye ngokwasengqondweni kunye nemfezeko ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa indlela sengqiqweni kumfanekiso.

Le umdali yokubonela kazwelonke

sele kudlule iinkulungwane, kodwa imisebenzi Ostrovskogo Aleksandra Nikolaevicha nangoku kuqokelela izaziso kwi zigaba aphambili elizweni, nto leyo ebonisa ibinzana Ivan Goncharov: "... emva kwakho ... singatsho likratshi:. thina theatre yethu Russian kazwelonke" "Poor uMtshakazi 'yaye' sihlale ebusika yakho", "Umtshato Bal'zaminova" yaye "Intliziyo litye," "Hayi ke idenariyo, waza ngesiquphe Altyn" yaye "Elinobuyatha Kwanele e Zonke Wise Man" ... Uluhlu kunye eyaziwa theatergoers ngalinye Ostrowski udlala amagama nga kuqhubeka ixesha elide. Ngenxa izakhono ekuchubekeni eqongeni uyaphila hlabathi ekhethekileyo ezele iingxaki eziya kusoloko abakhathalele ngayo abantu.