Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo Pyatigorsk - iifoto kunye nohlaziyo

Esi sixeko emazantsi ekwisimo elikhethekileyo nemozulu evumayo kakhulu yinxalenye odumileyo CMS (abaseAfrika Mineral Waters). Amawaka abakhenkethi apha ukuphucula impilo yabo. Kwaye hayi nje kuphela. Abaninzi zibandakanya iindawo ezininzi apha.

Pyatigorsk - isixeko othe ubutyebi bembali, ngoko ke ezikhumbuzo zokwakha neyezenkcubeko nommandla wayo, zoba ixabiso elikhulu.

ulwazi zembali

Kukholelwa ukuba esi sixeko yasekwa ngo-1780. Ekuqaleni le ndawo kwathiwa Bish Dagh. Okokuqala, ngasechwebeni scrofula River (isebe Podkumok), kumgca Azov-Mazdokskoy yakhiwa Konstantinogorskaya inqaba. Ngokuthe ngcembe kwabonakala ngeenxa zonke idolophu encinane, nto leyo baqalisa ukuhlala amagosa umhlala.

Umhambi wodumo wamazwe P. S. Pallas weza kwezi ndawo ngo-1793 waza waqalisa ukufunda ezaziwayo-kakuhle balapha imithombo. Emva kokupapashwa ngeziphumo zophando iindaba amanzi ngommangaliso saa ngokukhawuleza kulo lonke elo lizwe. Izigulane kulo lonke eRashiya ayethe njo kwelasezantsi, ukuba izinto asindisa ubomi.

KoMlawuli Alexander I ngowe-1803 wakhupha ummiselo "Kwi ukwakhiwa emanzini ashushu." ukuphunyezwa kwayo neTumim sesayensi wezakhiwo N. A. Lvovu. Isibetho, iimfazwe kunye iPersi, Turkey kunye France kuthintele ukuphunyezwa kwale projekthi. Noko ke, emva komzuzwana Kwathi emva, kwaye isixeko sele uthandwa ngokubanzi njengoko njengecebo yezempilo.

Iminikelo ngexesha lokwakha

iimeko zokuphila Akukho obutofotofo kakhulu kwaye unyango bakhuthaza iindwendwe ezininzi abazizityebi kulo mzi, ukuba benze iminikelo yokuzithandela nesisa kakhulu.

Enye imithombo yomrhwebi Varvaci iibhate yeplanga kwakhiwa, emva kwakhe yaziwa ngokuba "Varvatsievskimi iibhate." Va kusabela Mashuk Intaba kunye mkhomishinari Hot Cherniavsky wakha izakhiwo zokuhlala eziliqela umthombo. Ngenxa yoko, ngenxa iminikelo yaye kwakukho zokuhlala amanzi ashushu, elisuke laba embindini CMS.

Inqanaba entsha yophuhliso yesixeko

Emva kokuqeshwa kwakhe eyiNtloko eCaucasus Military District, Jikelele A. P. Ermolova isixeko waqalisa ukuba sitshintshe. Phantsi kobunkokheli Jikelele ngo-1819 yaqala ukuvuselelwa maqula endala. Endaweni yabo entsha, ebizwa "Yermolovskoye ukuhlamba." Sakhiwe ezinye izakhiwo zikarhulumente. Iqala zokwakha esebenzayo, kuquka izindlu zokuhlala.

ukwakhiwa Railway

Ngokwezibalo ezenziweyo, amanzi abo abanqwenela ukutyelela imithombo ebalulekileyo ukusuka komnye unyaka ukuya komnye kuya kuba phezu ixesha kukho imfuneko yokuqeqesha. Isebe yokuqala Rostov ukuya Mineralnye Vody wathunywa ngo-1875. Ukusuka kuwo wazandlala phambi Pyatigorsk kuhola wendlela. Emva kweminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo phakathi Kuma kunye Pyatigorsk ukwakha kaloliwe, nabo bonke abanye ukuqhuba ukuya ngqo iiholide.

lwalunjani emzini

Ukongeza kwimithombo emangalisayo, esi sixeko saziwa ngokuba ezikhumbuzo yembali bokwakha. Namhlanje siza kuthatha omfutshane umgama uhambo Pyatigorsk.

Okwesibini-iAthos Monastery of ngombono. ukwakhiwa balo ngenxa imfuneko ekuphuculweni kungekuphela nje umzimba kodwa umphefumlo. Isigodlo indela Gerasim navuswa kunye amabini iimonki ukusuka kwiNtaba iAthos e Mount Beshtau. Wahlala wahlala ngokonwaba nangokuzola kulinganiswa ukuya ku-1927, lo gama i-iiBolsheviks akazange uyivala. Monki waya ezintabeni, wakha iseli kunye ndlwana. Abaninzi kubo Bagciniwe kakuhle unanamhla.

abahlali City wathumela izikhalazo kunye izicelo ezininzi kwabasemagunyeni malunga ukuvuselela weemonki. Ngaphandle koku, satshatyalaliswa intshutshiso obuqhubekekayo lendela kunye nesakhiwo weemonki. Kule ndawo entwasahlobo oyiNgcwele, kwaye ngo-1997 wabonakala apha banqula umnqamlezo. Waba luphawu ukuvuselela weemonki engcwele.

Kwathatha eminye iminyaka emithathu, kunye nebandla omtsha sakhiwa kule ndawo.

I pre-umfanekiso 'kwendlu Aeolus "

Ngowe-1831, kumgangatho iphezulu Mashuk wayila yi George. Bernardazzi lwakhiwe ubuhle gazebo enkulu "Aeolian UHadi". Le gazebo liseke isixhobo somculo ekhethekileyo. Uhadi Aeolian ngexesha kabanzi eYurophu. Kwakugcwele seehadi ezimbini eqhelekileyo ibekwe istili yamaplanga, lo kuthiwa-iphiko uphaka uhadi kwi-engile emoyeni. UHadi ecula phantsi kwempembelelo nomoya. Uye wema gazebo de 1861.

Kamva, xa 90, amajukujuku yaqala gazebo ehlotyeni ukuseka umfuziselo lula uhadi aeolian, kwaye kumaxesha Soviet yabekwa apho computer 'amanqanaba ezizodwa ngohadi aeolian ", nto leyo wakhalisa iminyaka emashumi mabini. Ukususela ngo-2008, owenza umsebenzi kukho izixhobo ngohadi odiyo.

gallery academic

E Pyatigorsk, esi sakhiwo kuyabonakala kuyo nayiphi na indawo - ukukhanya lula, oko Wawuzalisa ngokulungileyo umphefumlo kunye ngovuyo. Emi kuyo ngummangaliso e Goryachevodskaya Valley, leyo ilahlekileyo phakathi kummango yangaphakathi intaba eshushu.

Xa iiholide isanda yayo, ubomi esisiseko abilayo imithombo yamanzi ashushu neebhafu, ibekwe kufuphi nabo. Eziliqela umgama ukusuka emhlabeni wambetha kubani ngamanzi dikidiki. Bulelani Kuphela kugqirha eMoscow Fedoru Gaazu ikwazile ukufumana amandla alo impiliso. Ugqirha wakhe eyaba ebizwa Elizabeth sulphurous equleni.

Kungekudala impiliso olambileyo kufikelelwe apha njengesihlambo engaphele ndawo, yaye abaninzi kubo babeqinisekile ukuba amanzi nawe ndisele, ngakumbi ngokukhawuleza kuphila. Ngoko ke basela mihla iindondo ezingamashumi amathathu.

In phakathi 'iinkqubo "Abantu abahamba kufutshane. Noko ke, ukubethwa ngumoya amnandi ezifana kwimozulu entle ecacileyo. Kwaye ukuba yinto umoya osisaqhwithi ebandayo okanye izandyondyo zemvula? Ngoko ke, kule ndawo kwakhiwa ishedi elula, apho indawo ngokukhawuleza indawo ngamaplanga.

Xa irhuluneli eCaucasus waba MS Vorontsov - Ngomntu onengqondo, wayemana ubuthathaka, ulwakhiwo galari yaqala. Kumabi projekthi, wakhetha wezakhiwo eliNgesi, uSamuweli Upton yokuba wakhelwa ibhotwe iCrimea Vorontsov. Umakhi wayethunywe ukwakha ikomkhulu emithonjeni kwezimbiwa igalari. UmMeli kufanele babekholelwa ukuba ezinye kwezi meko ziya kuba kakhulu mnandi kakhulu ukuba usele amanzi, yaye ngemini elungileyo kwaye kwimozulu embi.

Lomhleli wazalisekisa intando Vorontsov. Ngelishwa, indalo esihle Upton kudala isetyenziselwa injongo eyenzelwe yona. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, oogqirha le iiholide ethandwayo wagqiba ekubeni usele amanzi bezimbiwa nto ngamampunge. Kwaye gallery, kwaye umthombo ngokwayo yaba engeyomfuneko. neeholo zawo aguqulelwe iinjongo ezahlukeneyo - wadi, ulihlathi amahlwempu, igumbi ngenxa ulwamkelo iibhate. Kwakukho nkqu cafe yokudlela. Ngowe-1925, iiholide iye yaba yinto gallery lwezonyango kunye namaziko emfundo omtsha got igama layo ngoku, imbeko umhla oluphawulekayo - le bicentenary le Russian Academy of Sciences.

Esi sixeko ngokuvumelanayo idibanisa zemvelo kunye ezenziwe ngumntu. Pyatigorsk nabemi bayo bayazingca le grottoes jasmay, ekhoyo kulo mhlaba. ukubazi ngakumbi nabo.

GROTTO-Artemis

Ekuqaleni, lo sakhiwo ngokuba GROTTO Elborus, imbeko kokunyuka yokuqala Elbrus hambo. Esi siganeko kwenzeka ngo-1829. Ngowe-1830, ngokomakhi Dzhuzeppe Bernardatstsi wadala iprojekthi ukuba 1831 lo GROTTO ke akha ke agqiba ngokupheleleyo. Ekungeneni athe afakwa iibhodi ezimbini ezenziwe elingqukuva intsimbi, nto leyo Arabic Russian kwaye zaye zabhalwa iinkcukacha enyukayo. Kamva igama. Yaye bambiza GROTTO-Artemis - umxhasi ongcwele ekuzingeleni kwiintsomi yamaRoma.

Le nomqolomba zamntu oqingqiweyo kwi ematyeni phezu kwentaba eshushu. It is Zazihonjiswe ziintsika ngamatye. Iseyilana arch ezintathu wabeka tuff ashen. Emgangathweni igutyungelwe Iizilebhu aqingqiweyo. Ngaphakathi kwi izibiyeli ezizodwa sele esisigxina kwibhentshi omise of Iizilebhu kakuhle olugudisiweyo. Xa embindini egumbini aye eqongeni kumisa itafile eyenziwe ngamatye olukhazimlisiweyo. Ngaphambi kokungena lokudlala baxhotyisiwe kwaye watyala roses ezimhlophe kunye yomnga.

Le GROTTO kuhlangene kunye negama imbongi Russian omkhulu M. Yu. Lermontova. Wayekuthanda kutyelela apha. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kabuhlungu kokufa abahlobo bakhe uMikhail ubambe apha "iqela zasemaphandleni".

Ukubuyiselwa enkulu lokugqibela lwaqhutywa kulo GROTTO ngo-1974. Into yokuba apha kukho imbongi enkulu, ubonisa uqweqwe.

Apho yena wayehlala Princess uMariya

Njengoko usazi, umfanekiso Princess nemibutho yabasebenzi. Heroine yenoveli endlwini kwi Ilungiselelo laseKirov, 12 "kuhlala" ngomzobi Hungarian Mihaly Zichy, xa ngo-1881 akufika kuloo mzi lokujongisisa ezinika yayo. Pyatigorsk wabetha inkosi ngobuhle bayo. Ukuhamba ngokusebenzisa izitrato zawo, wabona ukuba le ndlu ingathi yimimangaliso. Ngayo xa iboniswe imifanekiso ibali Lermontov njengoko ikhaya Princess Mary. Kwaba okufana elo xesha isakhiwo ngomthi, nto leyo kakhulu kamva wambu ngezitena. Namhlanje, ukuba isakhiwo apho abantu baphile.

Wa imbongi

Ngokuqhelekileyo, igama imbongi kwi isixeko enxulumene ezinika ezininzi. Pyatigorsk - isixeko apho wachitha iminyaka yokugqibela yobomi yakhe emfutshane, yena wabhala imisebenzi yakhe emihle, waza wadibana ukufa kwakhe.

Ngexesha ukudalwa epakini abazalwana Emanuelevskogo Bernardazzi wadala iseyilana ezimbini: ezincinane nezinkulu. Last - imvelaphi yendalo. Le umqolomba encinane, nto leyo nzulu kancinane kuphela. Ukususela ngo 1860, oko kwazeka njengoko GROTTO ka Lermontov.

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yokugqibela, umlawuli we-CMS Khvoshchinskiy wagqiba ukwakha Pyatigorsk ekwakhiweni intsimbi, neglasi. isivumelwano sasayinwa ukuba ukwakhiwa kwigalari kunye ngokuqinileyo Polish "Ow. Gostynsky & Co ". Gallery avuleka ukuba uluntu ekuqaleni kuka-1902. nangoko Abahlali ebizwa "Lermontov ithala." kuyo Unanamhla oku iye zahlala zilolo hlobo zazilulo. Namhlanje engumniniyo kuRhulumente Philharmonic. Kuye iiholo mboniso ekonsathini. Kwakukho adalwa ezifana Yermolov, Chaliapin, Mayakovsky, Sobinov kunye nabanye.

Indawo zokucwangcisa M. Yu. Lermontova lesikhumbuzo namhlanje yaphawula imisebenzi BM Mikeshina. Ndimele ndithi ngeprojekthi yakhe wenza utshintsho olukhulu, apho umbhali aneliseke.

olondolozo lwembali

On the Brothers street Bernardazzi, kufuphi emnyango ipaka "Flower Garden" yi History Museum of Pyatigorsk. Yasungulwa ngo-1905. Ukucaciswa kwakhe ezingaphezu kwe-100 lamawaka imiboniso ukuba angenise iindwendwe kwinkcubeko, imbali kunye nohlobo lo mzi emangalisayo ukususela kumaxesha amandulo.

Le myuziyam unalo yokakayi kwaye ezinye iindawo kumzantsi elephant skeleton, lona lwahlalayo on Earth kweminyaka ngaphezu kwesigidi eyadlulayo. Umdla lezivakashi imaski amaxesha Aleksandra Makedonskogo zamaRoma. Ukongeza, iwandlale ingqokelela engaqhelekanga imipu kunye nezixhobo bladed.

National History Museum of Pyatigorsk inama ingqokelela eyodwa imisebenzi abaculi Russian angaphandle iminyaka 18-19.

Kwinto elandelayo lwethu kukhenketho part-time esixeko aya kuba museum "Amanyathelo wokuqala wokugcina amandla ombane." Le ibekwe kwindlu encinane kufuphi mveliso wobushushu weso sakhiwo. Ukususela ngo-1997, ibe sisikhumbuzo, yaye kamva ngonyaka wajoyina umbutho "iiklabhu Russian UNESCO '.

indlu Verzilin yinxalenye Museum-Reserve M. Yu. Lermontova. Le lesikhumbuzo zenkcubeko nezembali ukuba ixabiso federal. Isakhiwo sisixeko ekuqhelekileyo yephondo elakhiwa ngenkulungwane ye-19 - i-ezinemigangatho enye, eyakhiwe iinkuni phezu kwesiseko samatye, abe nokuchaza uphahla yentsimbi. Le ndlu yakhiwa ngo-1822. Kwiminyaka esixhenxe emva kokuba yathengwa MI Verzilin. Kwaba apha July 25, 1841 imbongi enkulu wabizelwa Kungquzulwano. Ngomhla olungaphambili kwale ndlu oxhonywe nelitye.

Kuyo yonke intsapho Verzilin yonke indlu ngenkulungwane ye-19 anakho. Ngowe-1920 ukuba uhulumeni. Ngowe-1945, kwakukho wadalwa imyuziyam "Indlu Lermontov". Kule novalo emva endlwini wavula isebe lemfundo ye-museum, leyo ubalisa ngobomi nomsebenzi wembongi. Ngowe-1968, lo mboniso sele zihlaziyiwe. Isixelela ibali Lermontov eCaucasus.

gazebo Chinese

Loo isihloko lafumana ngenxa ifomu bokwakha quirky. Ngaphambili, ukuba ihonjiswe anemibala, kuba ubizwa ngokuba "color". Wavela Pyatigorsk ngo-1902, kodwa satshatyalaliswa. Ngowe-1974, uJ Shahovskaya, a nomkroli edumileyo, uye wadala gazebo entsha, nto leyo inika imbono kakuhle khona Mashuk Mountain, Mount Elbrus kunye Beshtau kunye panorama entle umzi.

ukungaphumeleli echibini

lelifa lemveli yendalo Pyatigorsk yi nomqolomba engaqhelekanga ukuba imilo etsobhileyo. Ezantsi kwayo ngaphakathi enkulu kangangoko nengenzulu echibini karst, ezele ngamanzi bezimbiwa umbala oqaqambileyo oluhlaza (ngenxa ezinkulu umxholo wayo emanzini kunye neentsholongwane emanzini). Ubude bayo laliziimitha ezilishumi, ububanzi - elinanye. Kanye ngo-1858, yaba wemba ubude itonela eemitha amahlanu anesibhozo, amanzi ephilisa yasetyenziselwa wokuhlamba. Ngowe-1885, idike kunye netonela kwi Umsantsa mqolomba angcwalisiweyo, kwaye zinendawo ekhethekileyo emqolombeni iye yamiselwa icon ye nguMama kaThixo, neyathi kamva indawo i icon uMphilisi Panteleimon.

reviews

Pyatigorsk watyelela ubungenelisekanga ngotyelelo lwabo. ingxelo yayo emihle ezinxulumene ne nature enhle engaqhelekanga ezi ndawo, ithuba lokuba babone ngamehlo abo ezikhumbuzo ezizodwa zembali.

A lot of okuhle abasebenzi emyuziyam, abazama ukubuyisela nokuphatha imiboniso nanto enxulumene kwimbali nenkcubeko isixeko lwabo. Abaninzi bathi iqula Bacinge ukhenketho hambo kunye nobuchwepheshe kwabakhokeli zasekuhlaleni.

Abantu esiza Pyatigorsk ukuba unyango, eshiya ncomo kuzo ebezintle nezo zingentle. kuqala ezinxulumene impembelelo kuyingenelo engenakuphikiswa yamanzi ephilisa izidumbu zabo ukuphucuka okukhulu kwezempilo.

reviews ezingalunganga kakhulu unxulunyaniswa ixabiso ngokungeyomfuneko aphezulu namatikiti okuya zakhiwo kweso sibhedlele.