Ihlelo "5000 engange": Imbali inkangeleko kunye nokhuseleko. Indlela ukuqaphela bill alalanisayo, "engange 5000"

Ihlelo "5000 engange", mhlawumbi omnye engamaphepha Russian enkulu namhlanje. Ndafumanisa ukuba kunjalo inqabile, kodwa nantsi ingxaki - ubuncinane ulwazi amancinane imiqondiso ukunyaniseka kwesi lwehlelo engamaphepha kukwazi ukuqhayisa, bendingayi yonke Russian. maxa wambi Ukungakhathali esinjalo sikhokelela nemiphumo emibi kakhulu.

Indaba

Ihlelo "5000 engange" okokuqala kwimbali weRashiya siqulunqwe Provisional zikaRhulumente 1917 wazibeka ngo-1918 yi nguRhulumente RSFSR. Kwakubonakala ngathi notorious "Kerensky uthi" yaye emva ukhozi kabini-intloko. Ngexesha ekusekweni kwayo, le hlobo yaba 'eqolo "amanqaku ezininzi yebhanki lizwe kunye yaveliswa njengoko ukwehla ngokungakhethi imali. Kodwa ngo-1996 (njengoko ngowama-1920), le "imali" sele wayengomnye incinane, elo kwesiphumo inflation likhula ngokukhawuleza.

Njengoko lo Mthetho ingqekembe

Ihlelo "5000 engange", ifoto yayo eboniswe ngezantsi, wakhutshwa 31.10.95 kwaye ihlala ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo. Hlobo eluhlaza phezu kumfanekiso obverse le lesikhumbuzo "Millennium of Russia", nto leyo ukwakweli imvelaphi enye yeetempile zindala Russia - St. Nozipho Cathedral. Kwicala reverse Libhalwe isiqwengana udonga Wozisibekekisa Novgorod yesicelo. Ubungakanani oyilwayo, "5000 engange" kunyaka 95 - 137 x 61 mm, namba nemiliselwe ekunene nasekhohlo amasimi amhlophe, amanqaku amanzi la Cathedral womfanekiso kunye nenombolo 5000 Inkolo ngasemva kule oyilwayo ubhalisiwe izihlandlo ezithathu, kwaye macala omabini kukho nombhalo amagama - "amahlanu amawaka."

Ngelishwa, ubomi kule nothi ke, kwiminyaka emi-3 kuphela elifutshane - ngenxa yokuba ihlelo, esenzeka ngowe-1998, amaqanda yena "weba," yaye yajika yaba bill-engange ezintlanu kunye kuyilo efanayo. Kodwa lo umthetho oyilwayo wakhonza ixesha elifutshane - kancinane emva koko, ngo-2001, oko indawo kwingqekembe ihlelo efanayo.

Ekuqaleni kwaba njalo

In Russia Ngenkulungwane xxi mihla ihlelo lokuqala "5000 engange" yakhululwa yasasazwa ekupheleni kukaJulayi 2006 kunye yaba likhulu i "ezidolophini" series (ngasemva eyilwayo ezifakwe iintlobo kunye neziza sisikhumbuzo izixeko ezininzi Russian). Ekuqaleni kwacetywa ukujikeleza imincinane, bekucingelwa ukuba anawona iya kuba kwi kwiindawo apho kukho izinga eliphezulu somvuzo abakhoyo. Noko ke, loo nto ingahlakazeki ngokukhawuleza emideni yonke eRashiya, nto leyo ekhokelele kwimfuneko yokuba isicelo kweendidi eyongezelelweyo yokhuseleko. Ukuze kwiminyaka 5 ebhankini kwakhona iphinde yakhutshwa itikiti.

Image - apho

Bambalwa uyazi ukuba isayithi eboniswe "pyatitysyachke" kuba isiphelo nzima. Kukhuphiswano ukuphuhlisa sketch kuye baya nomkroli ezintathu ngobulungisa ezaziwayo-kakuhle - MM Antokolsky, MO Mikeshin no AM Opekushin, ngubani ophumelele abanye abaviwa. Ekupheleni kuka-1890 ukusuka St Petersburg ukuya yaseKhabarovsk wahlangulwa oqingqiweyo sele ugqibile, emva kweminyaka 35 kuphela lesikhumbuzo Wawiswa wathumela Museum, apho walala kangangeminyaka emininzi, yaye ngexesha lemfazwe ethunyelwe isinyibilikise. Kuphela ngasekupheleni-80 ngeendleko abantu abanenyameko lesikhumbuzo yaphila, kwaye ngo-1992 eyayibanjelwe lokuvula yayo ezukileyo.

Ihlelo "5000 engange" iba nayo ingxaki intle kunene - apho siboniswa ibhulorho enqumla Amur River - isakhiwo omkhulu-tiered ezimbini ukuba indlela eyahlukileyo kunye imizila kaloliwe. Ekuqaleni kokwakhiwa kwale wobugcisa kwenzeka ngoJulayi 30, 1913, yaye izicwangciso ukuze ayigqibe kwiinyanga nje 26, nto leyo Kuyamangalisa ukuba whopper enjalo. Warsaw uvelisa ezizodwa kwezixhaso yesinyithi, ngoko awela Odessa Vladivostok (elwandle), yaye emva koko inokufakwa iqonga ekhethekileyo ngololiwe zanikelwa iyavuma. Ibhulorho sele ziqokelelwe phantse 18 iifama enkulu bema ngeendawo zabo, kodwa isicwangciso ezukileyo waphula leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi. Cruiser isiJamani "Emden" ekwindla 1914 watshona Indian Ocean umkhumbi kunye yokugqibela ezimbini ibhulorho truss. Ngoko ke zoyilo ezimbini zokugqibela kwafuneka ngokutsha ukuze eKhanada kunye ukuhambisa eRashiya. Sele 5 Oktobha 1916 esi sakhiwo onobungangamsha ukulungele - ibhulorho wavulelwa yezithuthi. Kunika umdla ukuba ngexesha yokuvulwa ibhulorho phesheya Amur River yaba kukwakha kaloliwe sikhulu yeHlabathi eNdala, yaye abangaphezu kwezigidi 13.5 engange zachithwa ekwakhiweni kwayo.

Size nenkcazo

Makhe siye umva ukanti ukuya hlobo ezininzi - iisampula amatyala "5000 engange" kwaye ibukeka esinomfaneleko kwaye yenziwe ngezandi ebomvu mdaka, ngephepha Zinokuxutywa ifayibha multi-bala - ndiyingwevu, oluhlaza, obomvu nemibala aluhlaza ukukhanya. Thematically, osayilwayo enikelwe yaseKhabarovsk - kwicala phambi uyakwazi ukubona chibi kwaye ongaphambili ibekwe ilitye lesikhumbuzo ukuya Muravyov-Amursky (irhuluneli-jikelele), ibekwe ekunene lesambatho wesixeko ingalo. Ngasemva na ibhulorho wendlela-kaloliwe ephangaleleyo ngaphesheya Amur koMlambo.

Ubungakanani "5000 engange" bill ingqamana zonke "tysyachke" njengesiqhelo - 157 x 69 mm, osayilwayo lixhotyiswe iintlobo bezixhobo wokhuseleko, apho kungenxa yokuba ukuthetha ngakumbi.

Indlela yokubona lokwenene

Kakade ke, ingumbono omhle ukuba kusoloko ukwenza icebo ukunceda ukuqinisekisa ubukho iimpawu nobunyaniso engamaphepha, kodwa practice oku akwenzeki. Ukongeza, ukhuseleko eyiyo imali kufuneka unike ubuchule bokwahlula njengentsomi zonke iindidi labemi, kuquka abemi abangaboni kakuhle. Ngoko ke "5000 engange" - inqaku, iimpawu apho ngokuphuma kunokwenzeka ukuba ukufumanisa abangaboniyo nje kuphela, kodwa xa uyibamba:

• ingubo iingalo ezifakwe yi Ovi inki kunye wayekubona eziguquguqukayo - xa engile ngayo iba umbala oluhlaza, i ebomvu;
• unomthamo kwemivumbo wangcwatyelwa MVC - njengokujongwayo nkqo ukusuka kumgama 30-40 cm, le yinxalenye hlobo kubonwa obungabangeli mdla, ebonakala xa tilting zephetshana;
• ukuphakama zekhadi inani lothotho, ibekwe ngasekunene, ngokwenyusa kancinane;
• phambi olumfiliba ibonakale le mithambo: Right - ilitye lesikhumbuzo kwintloko, nangasekhohlo - inombolo 5000;
• Bank of Russia logo zestampu oyilwayo, kuba isiphumo wokohlula;
• ihlelo yedijithali eyenziwe ngokusebenzisa perforation;
• i element ibekwe ngasekunene "itikiti Bank of Russia" benza ushicilelo entsimini unpainted (izithombe eyimfama) ;
• camera umbhalo micro - xa kuhlolwa kufutshane kakhulu ungabona imiqondiso ngokuqhubekayo qho "5000" kunye "CBR 5000";
• Metallized uhlobo msonto ukuntywila ukuba ububanzi ka-3 mm, izihlandlo ezihlanu ifikelela komhlaba kwicala le-hlobo;

Ukongeza, kukho iimpawu ezimbalwa kakhulu kunzima ukubona ngeliso lenyama.

"5000 engange". 1997: Lo mthetho uyilwayo sele kancinane

Njengoko usazi, ingakanani imali apho, njengoko bona bafuna ukuba kwakhiwe. Ngoko ke "pyatitysyachkami" entsha into efanayo - kwiinyanga nje 9 ka-2011 ukujika abamba inani enkulu fakes, afikelela engange ngaphezulu kwezigidi-100. Inxalenye enkulu izigcine, kunye yamaphepha-senkulungwane ezintlanu. Ngoko, kwagqitywa ekubeni ukuphucula ukhuselo loo engamaphepha ibandla phezulu imodeli, yamkelwa ngo-2010.

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba iindleko "sewaka ezintlanu" entsha 24% ngaphezulu kwe engaphambili, eli nyathelo ukugwetyelwa - inani mbumbulu yehle ngomyinge izihlandlo eziliqela.

yintoni umahluko

Lo Mthetho osaYilwayo omtsha yi "5000 engange" azahlukanga kakhulu imbonakalo yabo, bayishiya kunyaka odlulileyo loyilo isampulu kwi kuyo. Owona mahluko langutana yaba othi "Uguqulelo kancinane lwe-2010", leyo mayifakwe emazantsi yentsimi ekhohlo ukusuka ngaphambili. Iiyantlukwano zezi zilandelayo:

• ngephepha ziyatyeba kwakukho ababini kuphela iintlobo kwimicu - engwevu enemizila;
• ngephepha kakhulu ngomsonto yokhuseleko, nto leyo eza kumphezulu ngecala ngaphambili oyilwayo nge "window anegazi";
• endle lungelo olumfiliba ehlangene;
• ngokuba intsimi emazantsi, ukuba, njengakwimeko yangaphambili, iintshinga moire kwi MVC ubugcisa + babe izakhi izahlulo ebonakalayo ngohlobo ubumba ezinemibala;
• ecaleni iikona amasimi coupon kunye ezingcakacileyo oluvelayo (wamvusa) ibethe ecaleni ngaphambili isicelo;
• zenombolo osele inani lothotho ngokuthe ngcembe ukwanda ukuphakama ukuya kumbindi hlobo;
• idyasi sixeko mbala noluhlaza yaye isicelo usebenzisa OVMI linikeza woqondo - eqaqambileyo band oxwesileyo iye yasuswa ukusuka kwiziko phezulu kwaye phantsi kuxhomekeka angela ukubukela;
• isicelo ukuya multicolor kwicala umva band ebanzi, njengedolo nezidanga;
• kwezinye iinxalenye zalo mfanekiso iipropati magnetic;
• utshintsho kuyilo engamaphepha, ebonakalayo ekukhanyeni infrared kunye eyingozi.

Ngokubanzi, isampuli amatyala "5000 engange" ukuguqulwa 2010 liye elinesibhozo degrees zokhuseleko kwaye igqalwa enye hlobo counterfeited inzima ehlabathini.

le kwezibalo

Kakade ke, kwinqanaba ubuchwepheshe yanamhlanje uhlolo olubonakalayo kuza kunceda ekukhuseleni wena kuphela, forgeries kuthiwa "angenzi". Kodwa ukuba kungena engxakini, ukwazi ezinye zazo kuya kufuneka.

Ngaphandle iimpawu ngasentla, le mithetho isayilwayo ezintlanu senkulungwane zezi:

• Umbhalo xa kwehle oluvelayo - "ithikithi Bank Russia", ecaleni leyo iqhele i element kuxhaswa ngeenjongo ukutshayela (a blind);
• wesiqhelo 5000 kwakhiwa kusetyenziswa perforations (imingxunya ezincinane);
• microtext - ngokuqhubekayo ngokuphinda ekubhalweni ka 5000 no 5000, i-CBR;
• ngomsonto ezongezelelweyo (protective);
• micromotif komhlaba;
• design graphic elunxwemeni kude lwe Amur River (ngasemva) - xa siqwalasela ukuba yinxalenye hlobo kunye iglasi, uyakwazi ukubona silhouettes isitayile zemithi, amahlosi, amabhere nentlanzi, kwakunye oonobumba "CBR";
• sebenzisa ukusebenza Shift - xa kuqwalaselwa oyilwayo kwi engile ethile kunokubonwa kwi tape oonobumba lighter "PP".

Kakade ke, khumbula zonke iimpawu sobunyani akuyonto ilula, kodwa, ngenxa iingcali, kwi-70% ukuze uzikhusele enkohliso, lwanele ukufumana imidlalo 3-5.

Ntoni xa ubuyazi loo njengentsomi

Ngokutsho data wakhululwa yi-arhente zokunyanzelisa umthetho engamaphepha zomgunyathi unyaka nonyaka uba mncinci, yaye yamaphepha enkohliso "5000 engange" athandwa kakhulu phakathi imigulukudu, ukulidla kwindawo yesibini emva "tysyachek". Yintoni ofanele uyenze xa ngebhaqo tikuma u ri engamaphepha fake:

• ukuba aninako ukumisela ukuchana amanqaku, uyakwazi ukuthatha ukuvavanya kweli sebe ekufutshane nayiphi na ibhanki, kodwa zilungiselele into yokuba abasebenzi kwiziko lemali banakho ukubiza amapolisa ukuba uphando;
• naxa uqinisekile ukuba lo mthetho uyilwayo i fake, ungakwazi ukuthatha ukuya kwisikhululo samapolisa esikufuphi kuwe;
• Ukuba ufumana njengentsomi phambi kokuba kuhlawulelwa ukuthenga evenkileni, kuya kuba kuhle ukuba siyitshabalalise (ngokutshiswa, aqhekeke abe ziingceba amancinci);

Ekubeni engamaphepha enkohliso "5000 engange" zisandula kuba rhoqo, Ulahlekwe esi sixa buhlungu kakhulu, abaninzi inokuzibona bahlukane kuyo ngokuthenga impahla, "akahexa ummelwane." Ukwenza oku ayikhuthazwa. Khumbula, ukuba uyazi ukuba lo mthetho usayilwayo njengentsomi, yaye wazama ukuba uhlawule oko, uba nesandla swonghasi kwaye babethwe ngokomthetho.

anika umdla

Omnye umba ezemfundo ethe alichatshazelwa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, "Indlela enzima bill" 5000 engange '? " Kukho izimvo ezimbini kulo mba: ucinga ukuba 1 m ² amaphepha esetyenziselwa yokushicilela imali ubunzima malunga 96 grams, ngenxa yoku, ubukhulu hlobo 157 x 69 mm uya nobunzima 1,08 grams. Ngokutsho kwenye inguqulelo, kukholelwa ukuba ngenxa ayisekho data abhaliswe ngokusemthethweni kwi ubunzima yase Russian kwindalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukusebenzisa itafile ethile avareji, ukusuka apho kulandela ukuba 5000 p. Oko: Umlinganiseli 1.02 grams. Kakade ke, oku kusebenza kuphela, yamaphepha ezintsha esandula eprintiweyo. Ngoko, akuba wenza ezinye izibalo ezilula, sinako unokumisela ukuba, umzekelo, nesigidi esinye engange kwi amatyala ezintlanu sewaka wayeza ubunzima grams 204 ukuya 216. Not embi, akunjalo?