Ibali phawu: omsebenzi osemqoka, imbali uphuhliso, imizekelo. Eli bali - uhlobo loncwadi? Iimpawu ze indaba ibe uhlobo

ibali Feature yenye ethandwa kule ncwadi. Yena kuyasetyenzwa anyangwe ababhali abaninzi. Emva kokufunda eli nqaku, uza kufunda ziziphi iimpawu ibali uhlobo na, imizekelo imisebenzi abaziwayo, kwakunye iimpazamo zithandwa ukuba ababhali.

Story - le yenye iifom ezincinane zoncwadi. Iluphawu umsebenzi volume esibalisayo encinane imali encinane zabalinganiswa. Kulo mzekelo, iziganeko zexesha elifutshane achazwa.

Imbali emfutshane uhlobo ibali

VG Belinsky (umfanekiso wakhe uvezwa ngasentla) ngowe-1840 yahlukile kwisincoko nakwinkcazo-ibali indlela iintlobo iprozi encinane ebalini kunye inoveli xa enkulu. Kakade ngelo xesha kuncwadi Russian ezimbini kwabonakala kwayo ukubhala phezu kwimibongo.

Kamva, kwisiqingatha 2 kwenkulungwane ye-19, esi sincoko yaba ebanzi kakhulu kuphuhliso lwentando uncwadi lizwe lethu. Ngeli xesha, kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba eyahlula le documentary yohlobo. Eli bali kanye njengoko kwakucingwa ngoko, wadala ngokusebenzisa ngqondweni ngobuchule. Ngokutsho komnye imboniselo, uhlobo lwesincoko conflictness ibali ezahlukeneyo umdla kuthi. Emva kokuba elikumzobo luphawulwa yokuba ukuba Ngokusisiseko umsebenzi esichazayo.

Umanyano ixesha

Ukuze ukuchaza ngokupheleleyo ngakumbi uhlobo ibali, kufuneka ukuchonga regularities azalwa. Eyokuqala kwezi - ubunye kwexesha. Kweli bali, ubude isoloko kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, akunyanzelekanga ukuba nje ngenye imini, njengoko imisebenzi classicists. Nangona lo mthetho akusoloko wayehlonelwa, amabali ezinqabileyo apho ibali lugubungela yonke ubomi ophambili. Nkqu anqabe are sebenzi kule uhlobo, isiphumo kuhleliyo kangangeenkulungwane. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umbhali ubonisa isiqephu nobomi beqhawe. Phakathi amabali leyo ibonisa lonke bayahlelwa umlinganiswa, ukuze kuphawulwe "Ukufa Ivana Ilicha" (umbhali - Leo Tolstoy) kunye "Darling" yaseChekhov. Kwakhona kuyenzeka ukuba ibonisa hayi bonke ubomi, kwaye ixesha layo elide. Umzekelo, kwi yaseChekhov kaThixo "Intothoviyane" ibonisa ukuba inani lemisitho ebalulekileyo kubomi abalinganiswa, indawo yabo, umngeni kokwandiswa kobuhlobo nemvisiswano phakathi kwabo. Noko ke, inikeza itywina obubona zixinaniswe. Loo isiqulatho conciseness ngaphezu kwinoveli, luphawu eqhelekileyo ebalini, mhlawumbi omnye kuphela.

Unity yezenzo kunye neendawo

Kukho nezinye iinkalo uhlobo webali ekufuneka kuphawulwe. Umanyano kwexesha ngokusondeleyo kwaye kudalwe esinye umanyano - amanyathelo. Eli bali - a uhlobo loncwadi, ekufuneka liyakuphelela inkcazo ngesiganeko esinye. Maxa wambi ezinkulu, ethetha-noluya kulo lokuba iziganeko omnye okanye emibini. Ngenxa yoko ubunye ndawo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, isenzo lwenzeka endaweni enye. Babe namnye, kodwa eziliqela, kodwa inani labo ngokungqongqo kangako. Umzekelo, ezi sayithi 2-3, kodwa 5 sele ezinqabileyo (ukuba kuphela ekubhekiswe kuyo).

Ubunye ubuntu

Enye inkalo yebali - ubunye umlinganiswa. Njengoko umthetho, kwisithuba ngokwasemisebenzini olu hlobo onesimilo esingundoqo. Maxa wambi kusenokubakho ezimbini, yaye kunqabile kakhulu - ezimbalwa. Njengoko abalinganiswa lesibini, inokuba kakhulu okuninzi, kodwa esebenza kuphela. Eli bali - uhlobo iincwadi, apho umsebenzi abalinganiswa axhasayo limited nokudalwa kwisiqalo. Basenokuba kuphazamisa okanye ukunceda umlinganiswa ophambili, kodwa akukho ngaphezulu. Kulo bali "Chelkash" Gorky, umzekelo, abalinganiswa ababini kuphela. In yaseChekhov kaThixo "sleepy" yaye wenza lowo akanakuba na ibali okanye inoveli.

iziko ubunye

Iimpawu ze indaba ibe uhlobo, ngasentla, ngendlela enye okanye ngenye bancipha kwiziko umanyano. Eneneni, eli bali akunakwenzeka ukuba nomfanekiso ngaphandle kwezinye ukuchaza, uphawu iziko, "eqala ngo" bonke abanye. Akukhathaliseki ukuba eli ziko indlela emile ezichazayo, isiganeko efikelela incopho, kanye uphuhliso imisebenzi okanye ezibalulekileyo yesitshixo lomlinganiswa. Umfanekiso engundoqo kufuneka ibe kuyo nayiphi na ebalini. Kungenxa eziwudibanisayo yonke nokwakheka. Yena icwangcisa isihloko komsebenzi, yenza ingqiqo ukubalisa ibali.

Eyona Umgaqo ebalini

Umqukumbelo evela ku vangama kwi "ubunye" Akukho nzima ukuyenza. Ngokwayo kubonisa ingcamango yokuba siseko engundoqo ukwakhiwa eli bali efanelekileyo nokusindisa iintshukumisa. Tomaszewski wabiza isisusa element zincinane ubume yombhalo. Kunokuba intshukumo, umlinganiswa okanye isiganeko. Esi sakhiwo sele akunakwenzeka ukuba ukubola zibe kumacandelo. Ngoko ke, isono inkulu ungumbhali iinkcukacha ngokugqithiseleyo, ukuba kwaneliswe lokubhaliweyo, kuveze iinkcukacha ezinokuthi kwehliswe ngophuhliso uhlobo lo msebenzi. Ibali akahlali kwiinkcukacha.

Kuyimfuneko ukuba Izakuchaza kuphela nelona galelo ukuphepha iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo. Ngoko uphawu kakhulu, Isimanga, ngokuba abantu ukukhuthalele kakhulu malunga imisebenzi yabo. Kufuneka ube nomnqweno uthethe ubuninzi kwitekisi nganye. Kaninzi abalawuli abaselula beze xa afaka izikhalazo bhanya kunye nokwenziwa kwemisebenzi. Oku kuyinyaniso ngokukodwa bhanyabhanya njenge nombhali woyilo kule meko ayiphelelanga okubhaliweyo umdlalo.

Ababhali baye engqondo, ngathi ukugcwalisa uhlobo zoncwadi ibali mibala achazayo. Umzekelo, ukuba ibonisa indlela umlinganiswa ophambili lwemveliso nokusukelana banjengeengcuka pack enzela. Nakuba kunjalo, ukuba uqala kusa, baya kuyeka kwi kokuchaza izithunzi elide mnyama ngamafu iinkwenkwezi bubomvu. Umbhali kubonakala ukunandipha uhlobo koko kuphela bagqiba ukuqhubeka nokusukela. ibali elingeyonyani Uhlobo unika umda ubuninzi ku ukuyila, ngoko ukuze uphephe le mpazamo ayikho lula.

Indima ezixhasayo ebalini

Kufuneka kugxininiswe ukuba asinamdla uhlobo zonke iinjongo kufuneka bakuxele isifundo, ukuba asebenze kwi-intsingiselo na. Ngokomzekelo, njengoko kuchazwe ekuqaleni imisebenzi kufuneka nakanjani kudubula umpu kwi wokugqibela. Izisusa ezikhokelela kude, akukho mfuneko ukubandakanya kweli bali. Okanye ngaba ufuna ukukhangela imifanekiso, ecacisa meko, kodwa iinkcukacha ngokugqithiseleyo naye.

iimpawu ukwakheka

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba akunyanzelekanga ukuba babambelele ndlela zemveli kwisicatshulwa yokuluka. amalungelo yabo ibe mihle. Ibali anokwenziwa iinkcazelo phantse ezithile. Kodwa ukwenza ngaphandle inyathelo nangoku engenakwenzeka. Le hero ubophelelekile nje ubuncinane phakamisa isandla sakho, wenze intshukumo (ngamanye amagama, ukuba enze isenzo ebonakalayo). Kungenjalo ngeke ngantsomi sketch elincinane, umbongo iprozi. Enye into ebalulekileyo uhlobo umdla kuthi nesiphelo lebyi. Umzekelo, inoveli unako kuhlala ngonaphakade, kodwa ibali yakhiwe ngokwahlukileyo.

Amaxesha amaninzi ophela ngamazwi akhe engalindelekanga. Yiyo nale Vygotsky Lev wahlanganisa ukuvela umsindo kumfundi. Abaphandi Modern (ngakumbi, Patrice Pavi) iqwalasele ukuxibilila nangokweemvakalelo njengoko yama- livela njengokuba ufunda nje. Sekunjalo, ukubaluleka nesiphelo kuhlala ingatshintshanga. Isiphelo into emangalisayo intsingiselo yebali, i-push to uhlaziye eziqulathwe kuyo. Oku kufuneka kukhunjulwe.

indawo tale ezincwadini ehlabathini

Story - uhlobo uyindumasi, nto leyo libambe indawo ebalulekileyo iincwadi ehlabathini. Gorky kunye uTolstoy wajika kuye kwakusasa kwixesha oqolileyo uyilo. Story yaseChekhov i ezingundoqo kunye uhlobo yintombazana. amabali abaninzi baye baba yakudala belingana kunye nemisebenzi ezinkulu eyindumasi (amabali kunye neenoveli) wangena ebuncwaneni uncwadi. Ezinjalo, umzekelo, amabali zikaTolstoy "Swe ezintathu" yaye "Ukufa Ivana Ilicha," "Amanqaku a Hunter" Turgenev kaThixo, imisebenzi yaseChekhov kaThixo "Darling" yaye "Indoda Case", amabali Gorky kaThixo "Endala Isergil", "Chelkash" kunye nabanye.

Izinto eziluncedo phezu kwezinye iintlobo ibali

Thina abanomdla uhlobo likuvumela ukuba ukugxininisa khaxa ingakumbi okanye ukuba ityala esiveza, kwicala elinye okanye elinye ebomini bethu. Inika ithuba ukumela ukuze umdla womfundi wajolisa ngokupheleleyo kubo. Umzekelo, yaseChekhov, echaza Vanka zhukov kunye nencwadi 'kwilali utatomkhulu ", ukuphelelwa lithemba yabantwana ezipheleleyo kaThixo, owongeza okubhalwe kule ncwadi. Akuyi kuza indawo nangenxa oku iba strong ingakumbi ngokubhekiselele invective. Apha ebalini "Ukuzalwa yomntu" Gorky isigigaba ukuzalwa komntwana, nto leyo ethatha indawo endleleni, inceda umbhali ukuba aveze ingcamango esisiseko - Ukwamkelwa ixabiso lobomi.