HIV - ukuba ziphathwe usaqala? nokuba HIV iphathwa ngokupheleleyo?

HIV sisifo wentsholongwane egazini. Mazingabhidaniswa ne AIDS - (ezifunyenwe immunodeficiency syndrome). Noko ke, nangona kunjalo iingqiqo ezahlukeneyo, bona zizinto ezingenakwahlulwa, ekubeni AIDS is final kwaye inzima ibakala zokosuleleka.

Yintoni i-HIV?

Got igama layo wokuwonga elaa arhente causative --human immunodeficiency virus. Isiphumo sale Igciwane sibhekiswe kumajoni omzimba womntu, ngenxa yokuba apho kukho iimpawu ezithile neemeko. Esi sifo anthroponotic, ethunyelwayo kuphela ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye, contact nganye onesifo kuyingozi. Xa ukwenzela lafaka, ukwanga akunakwenzeka ukuba adlulisele i-HIV. Ezinyangiweyo ukuba isifo - kuba kunzima ukutsho. Oosonzululwazi iminyaka emininzi benza isisombululo sale ngxaki, kodwa ke indlela inkululeko epheleleyo intsholongwane ukuza kuthi ga ngoku iye yasungulwa. Mhlawumbi kwanonyango yesondlo, nto leyo eya ukuxhoma uphuhliso sifo kwaye akavumeli ukuba aye iminyaka emininzi AIDS. Le ngxelo kakhulu ubomi umguli, kodwa kusekho ngumthombo usulelo.

umyalezo weimeyile

immunodeficiency virus usasazwa ugqithiselwa ngqo ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye, yaye indlela andise eyahlukileyo. Indlela yokuqala ye-HIV kufuneka ngokuba ngesondo. Inani eliphezulu zentsholongwane eziqulathwe kuphela igazi kodwa isidoda kanye netuwa lobufazi. iintlobano zesini ungakhuselekanga kwenza ingozi yosulelo iphezulu, nangona kukho ubungqina bokuba zonke ezinoncolo olunye kukhokelela ekuqalisweni kwentsholongwane emzimbeni kuphela kwiimeko ezinqabileyo. Ithuba wosuleleko banda izihlandlo eziliqela phambi micro-ulusu kunye ngenwebu yangaphakathi. Kuyinto loku limala ezincinane ungumvulandlela losuleleko. Omabini la madoda nabafazi kuyokwenzeka ukuba ntsholongwane, kunye isini yamaqabane Akukhathaliseki, ngenxa yokuba i-HIV isasazeka njani na kwaye ngokudibana zobufanasini.

Kwindawo yesibini - qhagamshelana igazi kunye nomntu owosulelekileyo. Amaninzi gciwane kule ndlela ngokusebenzisa abakhotyokiswe omnye kunye ngesirinji ezosulelekileyo. usuleleko kunokwenzeka emzimbeni kunye nokuphathwa Ozidelayo izixhobo zonyango. Ngenxa yoko, umsebenzi wononophelo lwempilo ukufumana i-HIV yesigulane. Ngaphambili amaninzi amatyala ukutofelwa igazi kwizigulana wadibana. Okwangoku, savelisa uvavanyo engqongqo abaxhasi ngemali kunye exposure igazi iinyanga ezi-5 elandelwa kabini-khangela yona ngezifo. Oku kakhulu zanciphisa amathuba yokosulela nge gazi, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kwiimeko ezinjalo, ngelishwa, kwenzeka.

Enye indlela - usulelo ukusuka kumama ukuya emntwaneni. transmission kunokwenzeka zentsholongwane kokubini yokumitha, okanye xa uncancisa. Noko ke, ukuba unina uyazi phambi kunyango yakhe HIV-ethile uphambuke ezintethweni nokuncancisa ukunqanda ukusuleleka umntwana.

Kuthekani ukuba contact yintsholongwane zisenzeka? Okulandelayo iya kuqwalaselwa xa HIV sinyangwa usaqala.

Kwenzeka ntoni xa intsholongwane ingena emzimbeni?

ukufunda kakuhle Pathogenesis ukuba uphendule umbuzo othi ngokuphathelele i-HIV - nokuba usulelo ngayo? Isiphumo zomonakalo intsholongwane imbangela uhlobene ifuthe layo kwiiseli T-umncedi - iiseli abachaphazeleka ngqo kulo omzimba. HIV ibangela ukufa ehlelwe ezi seli, nto leyo eye ebizwa - apoptosis. Rapid virus ukuzala ikhawulezisa le nkqubo, nto leyo inani iiseli T-umncedi uyehla uye kuma kwinqanaba onjalo ukuba amajoni omzimba uba ayikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wayo ophambili - ukhuselo eziphilayo.

Ngaba HIV ngayo?

Therapy olwenziwe abantu abosulelwe-HIV ijolise kuphela ekunciphiseni phindana wentsholongwane egazini kunye nokwandiswa ebomini. Izigulane Usenokuphila ubomi obupheleleyo ngenxa yempembelelo ucwangciso olukhethekileyo kwinkqubo ukuphindaphindeka HIV. Yenza pathology iphathwa na ixesha? Ngelishwa, akukho.

abantu abosulelekileyo baye kubo bonke ubomi babo ukuba bathathe i kakhulu amachiza anti-retroviral. Indlela kuphela ukuphepha utshintsho ngokukhawuleza kwi-terminal kwinqanaba - AIDS. Kulo mzekelo, isicwangciso unyango kufuneka itshintshwe rhoqo, njengoko ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide amanye amachiza kukhokelela kuguquka le ntsholongwane, ebangela ukuba abanganyangekiyo kubo. Isisombululo - iziyobisi replacement ngamaxesha athile.

Ukongeza unyango - indlela yokuphila esempilweni. Izigulane bayacetyiswa ukuba imikhuba emibi, imithambo nidle okulungileyo.

Outlook

Ngokubanzi, ke ezimbi. Asimele silibale impendulo yalo mbuzo: "Ngaba HIV iphathwa ngokupheleleyo?". Sisifo esinganyangekiyo ngawo lo mzuzu, esifuna unyango ukulungiswa rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, uphuhliso Pharmacology kunye nobuchwephesha lwamayeza kunokuba sandise ubomi kwezi zigulane nkqu ubanika ithuba lokuba babe nabantwana.

uthintelo Emergency

emibuzo afanelekileyo kukuba ingaba HIV sinyangwa usaqala? Bonke abantu, ingakumbi iingcali zonyango kufuneka baziswe ukuba usulelo ingathintelwa kwibakala lokuqala. Kuyo nayiphi na umfowunelwa kunye kulwelo umrhanelwa zebhayoloji (igazi, incindi kunye netuwa kusisi) ifuna olukhawulezileyo prophylaxis ngexesha likaxakeka, ngalo ukuthini ukwamkelwa uveza arhente antiviral ukuthintela usulelo. Kuliwa kumaziko zonyango ezikhethekileyo, kodwa ukususela kwixesha ungeno lwe-HIV egazini kufuneka uthathe iiyure ezingaphezu kwama-24.

Indlela Hayi ukuba Sisifa?

Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo, simele sikhumbule ukuba ugqithiso indlela engundoqo. Okokuqala, eziyingozi ngesondo ngokungakhethi ngokungakhuselekanga. Kufanele kulunyukwe xa sikhetha iqabane, nto leyo eya kunciphisa ingozi yosulelo ukuya ubuncinane. Abasebenzi kunonophelo lwempilo ukuze ukuthintela usulelo kufuneka bathobele imithetho izixhobo yokuphatha kunye neencindi zomzimba. Ke kaloku omnye umlinganiselo yokunciphisa umngcipheko wokosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo - nokuthintela ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi. Abantu kufuneka bazi ukuba HIV iphathwa. Oku kuya kunyanzela ukuba athathe onke amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukwenzela ukuba nokosuleleka ngokungena kwesi sifo soyikekayo.

Ukukhulelwa ne-HIV

Usuleleko yosulela ukusuka kumama ukuya emntwaneni, kodwa oku kuphetshwa ukuba umfazi uyaziswa imeko yakhe - usulelo lwe-HIV. Ngaba umntwana sele unaso esi sifo ngayo? Unyango lwe-Antiretroviral kwi zigaba ezithile zo ukhulelwe ukunqanda usana osulelwe. Ukongeza, emva kokuzalwa kwala machiza ezimiselwe ukufundwa umntwana kangangexesha elithile. Noko ke, asimele silibale ukuba usulelo zinokusasazwa ngobisi lwebele. Umntwana kufuneka bayondliwa kuphela substitutes ubisi lwebele.

HIV sisifo liyingozi, kuba, phezu kwayo nje unyango, isigulana exposure HIV ubomi. Noko ke, musa ukuphepha ngokupheleleyo wadibana nomntu onjalo, eyenza kuye unguGxothiwe, kuba ulilungu elizeleyo-epheleleyo yoluntu. Le ntsholongwane asiqhenqethanga ekuyichukumiseni, ezanga kakhulu, impahla; air-imenyu umendo nalo basuswe. Kuyinto kuphela kukuzama ukuphepha neentlobano zesini kunye uqhagamshelane kunye negazi.