Gamma radiation. Yintoni esiyaziyo le nto?

Bambalwa kuthi ziyayazi ngxaki yokusetyenziswa radiation gamma, njengoko ingengabo bonke bethu nolwazi abakhethekileyo kwintsimi ye physics.

Ngaloo ndlela, imitha wesigrike yenye iintlobo ezininzi radiation electromagnetic. Ombala kulo mzekelo mncinane gqitha, njengoko iimpahla zazo otshangatshangiswayo. Imbali ngexesha lokufunyanwa kwimitha baqalisa engaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka eyadlulayo. Ngowe-1900, le meko iye yavulwa ngu elinye French yemvelo - Paul Willard. Kwaye kukho eli lungu ngengozi ngenxa ukufunda Radium.

Gamma ray unique kwaye ube nenani iipropati ezizodwa. iinkqubo eziphambili kwenzeka phezu kwii-kwimitha ngokusebenzisa iintlobo ezithile izinto. Le isivamvo of imiqadi ezisekelwe kokuvela elektroni kwi into xa zibethwa ukukhanya. Le isivamvo kule kunokwenzeka nokuba zangaphandle okanye zangaphakathi.

Compton isiphumo - omnye impahla gamma radiation, nayo leyo ifanelwe isifundo okhethekileyo. Kule meko kukho ukwanda lencinibakazi electromagnetic. Lo mkhwa ivunjululwe umva ngo-1923.

Ukumatanisa - enye inkalo ekhethekileyo gamma. Ngenxa yoko, indlela umyinge othile ibekwe embindini undoqo, kwaye iba ovela kunye i. Kodwa ngenxa kwesiphumo radiation yenyukliya loo ray wesigrike emboss ekwaziyo nucleons. Gamma radiation isetyenziswa ehlabathini namhlanje kwiinkalo ezahlukahlukeneyo zobomi bomntu. Gamma isici detectors, umzekelo, ozakukuvumela ukuba uphathe umsebenzi izixhobo kunye neemveliso ezininzi ngokudangazela ezikhethekileyo. Ukugcina iimveliso ezininzi kuthatha indawo usebenzisa iintsika efanayo. Kulo mzekelo, ubomi lokugcinwa kwezinto workpieces yandiswa ngokubonakalayo, kunye naziphi na iziphumo eziyingozi kunye bonke kunokuba akukho mbuzo.

Ukusebenzisa iinkqubo kwezixhobo nzala, izixhobo zonyango, ezinye iimveliso ukutya radiation gamma olugciniwe. Xa amayeza, ezi imitha nazo wafumana indawo isicelo. Nge radiotherapy, umz, aphathwe inani elikhulu kwiintlobo yamathumba amabi. Uyavuma, oku igalelo elibalulekileyo kuphuhliso amayeza, ekubeni kude ichiza ngalinye. Xa usebenzisa gamma sibona iziphumo kakhulu entle unyango lomhlaza kunye ngexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu. Kwaye ngokubanzi, wesigrike imitha ngenxa kwimihlaba yabo ethile nga phambili kakhulu amayeza phambili.

Gamma uRay yinxalenye yokwakheka komhlaba. Ukusebenzisa imithombo ezahlukeneyo radiation gamma, zokuma esilinganiselweyo ubunzulu zamaqula. Kodwa gamma-altimeter - indlela ukufumanisa ngokuchanileyo umgama ohanjiweyo yi kwisiphekepheke. Oko kukuthi, i-data kwemitha wafumana ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwi ukuhambahamba esibhakabhakeni, nokwakhiwa komhlaba, kunye amayeza, kwaye emsebenzini. Ke zonke ezi zinto ezintle kwimitha gamma iye kuneengxaki eziliqela, ekufuneka ukuba ukwazi. Ngenxa contact elide kunye ray, umzekelo, kukho ezinobungozi izifo - isifo radiation. Neziphumo ezimbi kakhulu sesichengeni ezinjalo iintlobo ezahlukeneyo izifo zomhlaza.

Ukongeza, ezi ray kwakhona iziphumo eteratogenic emzimbeni, nto leyo ebangela kuguquka kunye nokuphazamiseka ezingekazalwa lophuhliso obuqhelekileyo. Enyanisweni, i-radiation wesigrike - yeyona radiation enye, kuzo oko sikuvileyo, kodwa leyo eyaziwa kancinane. Nangona xa isetyenziswa iingedosi ezincinane, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwedatha izixhobo wokunciphisa mihla enokwenza kube lula kakhulu kwaye nokuphucula umsebenzi yabantu!