Forces ku ubucukubhede. Iyunithi ye ukusebenza ubucukubhede

Forces e ubucukubhede ezininzi ngokuqhelekileyo azibonakalisa kweli candelo Linamandla. Kwaba apho olu phando intshukumo kwamaziko kuthathelwa ingqalelo imikhosi nokuwenza. Eso amandla ubucukubhede yoko ngokwemvelo nendlela ukuba ibalwe, namhlanje siza sithethe.

Yintoni sisiseko malunga nemiba

Njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, ubuchwephetshe bokuba amandla azibonakalisa kakhulu kweli candelo. Kwaye ukuba kunjalo, kukho ngaphezu uyazi ukuba ngokuqhelekileyo sisiseko theoretical component kubukho okuhambisa ziya. Mhlawumbi umntu sele ugqibe ukuba sithetha odumileyo Isaac Newton, hayi kanye mandithi, imithetho eyenziwe kuzo. Iyunithi ye ukusebenza ukukhanda, endleleni, yiloo nto, kwaye ebizwa ngegama lakhe.

Oko ukuvumela ukuba imithetho Newton kaThixo?

Amvumela ukuba ukusombulula le ngxaki iphambili xa kuthe ke ukuba ethile eyaziwayo yonke imikhosi wayesenza elithile emzimbeni uvavanyo. Makhe sicinge ukuba oku kuyinyaniso, yaye siyazi kubo. Emva koko siya kufumana unikezelo, esetyenziswa umzimba ngaphandle kobunzima okukhulu. Kodwa ulwazi njani umthamo kunye nolwalathiso ke lunikezelo, luya kuvula phambi kwethu ngamathemba yokukhangela isantya emzimbeni nangaliphi ezinqwenelekayo ekuhambeni kwexesha. Ngenxa yoko, siya kumisela nendawo yencopho yophawu eziphathekayo xa sifuna. Unga ukugxininisa ukubaluleka kunye ingxaki nguqu. Kubonakala ukuba ukusombulula iingxaki ekuqaleni kufuneka amalungiselelo kakuhle bezimpi ubucukubhede, apho olungumgubo baya kunikwa ngezantsi.

emvelo

Ukuba uvula le ncwadi, incwadi iingxaki physics okanye ezinye izinto reference kwaye ujonge ubucukubhede, sibona ezininzi iingxaki ebanzi, apho sesona bejamelene nemikhosi ezintathu kuphela. Baya lwayamene gravitation jikelele, ukukhuhlana kunye luthambe. Makhe sithethe ngamnye ngokweenkcukacha. Kwaye makhe siqale kuqala.

Umzimba liphuma ubude, ngaphandle isantya sokuqala

Kwiimeko ezinjalo kuthiwa ukuwa. Yonke into singqongwe ifuna iplanethi yethu. Kubandakanya ngokwethu. Apha uyakwazi ukubona oku imikhosi gravitation jikelele. Ngoku sinako ngoyaba ukumelana nomoya, nangona oku akusoloko ngqiqweni. Kodwa singafumana ntoni? Emva koko, ukuba zonke izidumbu malunga kukukhawuleziswa efanayo ukuwa. Musani ukukulahla ilitye okanye wophawu real ezincinane phantsi - isantya kwaye ukuwa iya kuba malunga efanayo.

Uya kongeza kwindlela entwasahlobo

Masithi entwasahlobo simise sinker. Yena, njengaye nawuphi na umzimba, ziya kuthanda ziwe emhlabeni. Ngeli xesha, kuba izenzo amandla yomtsalane iplanethi yethu. Noko ke, ukuba emthonjeni womelele, uya kolulwa ukuya kwindawo ethile. Emva koko, umzimba uza kuyeka ukuwa nkqubo iya kuza kwimo ekuthiwa lwesilinganiso ngoomatshini. Oku kwenzeka xa isenzo kwi mzimba imikhosi eziliqela, kodwa bawadibanise ngu zero. Ngamanye amazwi, yintshukumo mabutho babuyekezwe.

Apha uqala ukucela kwisigqibo esisiso. Kubonakala ukuba ukongeza amandla womxhuzulane kwi ubunzima kwicala spring i kunamandla enye into ngamanani umtsalane ngokulinganayo. Kuye igama elula esinikwe yi isenzeko. It ngokuba amandla ayo elastic. Iyunithi ye ukusebenza ukukhanda kubantu bonke, waza ke yena, naye, ilingana omnye Newton.

Ingaba kukukhawuleziswa kutyalo - isizathu sokuba izinga utshintsho?

Mhlawumbi. Xa uqala kuqala, yonke into njengoko kubonakala. Kodwa ukuba uphanda, ukuba ngokwaneleyo ukuze bathathe ithuba umdla. Kukho elimangalisayo umthetho Newton (okwesibini), nto leyo ithi loo mandla ilingana amaxesha ubunzima unikezelo singaneli kunabela umzimba. Ekuqaleni kusenokuba kubonakale (ngokwezibalo kuphela) ukuba mandla isiphumo. Kodwa kukho nto, eneneni, okwahlukileyo liyinyaniso.

Khawucinge ibhola ekhatywayo, kuba ezona. Yena ingxelo amandla, yaye emva koko ezuza ukukhawulezisa ethile. Ngokufanayo, xa kwimeko iintshukumo zomzimba. It liyadlula umgama othile, yeka. Lunikezelo iya kuba mibi okoko nje uqina ilingana zero. Sinako nangoko ukubeka phambili kwingcinga yokuba kukho kwenzeka amandla anciphise umzimba, oko kukuthi unobangela wale ukukhawulezisa elibi kakhulu. Kwaye ngenene ikhona. Le mandla frictional.

Moment of amandla. Ubucukubhede: theory and technical

Lo mzuzu amandla iya kubizwa umkhosi ojikelezayo eveliswa yi njengokujikeleza kumda wesangqa amandla ngokuphathelele kwindawo okanye umzimba ibeke. It has isici Newton imitha nganye. iimeko ukwenzeka zilula. Yinto ngokwaneleyo ukuze benze kwindawo ingadibene kumgca amandla. Ukumisela ingongoma kunokuba imveliso inguwo eqhinga. Umzekelo elula twist nut kunye yi utsalo. Mandla kwi ubucukubhede yeengcingane ngenkankulu iyahluka ukusuka analogue yayo kwicandelo weklasiki, ngoko oko kwenza akukho ingqiqo lokuhlolisisa ukuba ithathelwe ingqalelo eneenkcukacha ngakumbi. Makhe sibuyele ezisisiseko, ngenxa yokuba kubaluleke kakhulu ngakumbi.

Kwakhona, amandla luthambe

Umfundi angasoloko buqu khangela oko kuchazwe okwangoku. Masithi ke umzimba esiqinileyo. Abaphikisana unikeza eqinileyo xa uzama ukutshintsha imilo, ubukhulu. Kodwa le misebenzi kukho nto yimbi ngaphandle deformation elula, akunjalo? Kodwa ziziphi iintlobo yayo? Kukho iindidi ezintlanu ezisisiseko deformation: uxinzelelo, ucinezelo, ayeguqa, torsion, shear.

Kuya kwenzeka ntoni xa uzama ukutshintsha imilo nobukhulu?

Kuxhomekeke kuhlobo umzimba. Ngokubanzi, i deformation yi elastic hayi elastic. Kodwa kufuneka wazi ukuba naziphi na iinzame ukutshintsha imilo kunye nobungakanani umzimba, iza kuzama ukubabuyisela. Xa kunjalo, ukuba deformation kancinane xa kuthelekiswa nobungakanani yokuqala, imikhosi elastic oku kunokwenziwa. Enye into, xa imeko kanye eyahlukileyo. Kodwa ke ukufunda kwezi nkqubo sele izibandakanye Isazinzulu uRobert Guk. amalinge yakhe, wabanika Ukuhlanganisa ngokubanzi inkqubo deformation kwi imizimba, wayenako 1660.

Yintoni le nzulu?

Wathabatha engundoqo nzima, nto leyo waqala olule. Xa oku kwenzeka phakathi intonga, njengoko unako ukuba ugqibe, amandla elastic. Oku kulinganiswa kwinkqubo ndisolulela. Ukuchaza inkqubo ngokwemiqathango ubungakanani, ngenisa ixabiso elitsha, ebizwa ke zobude. Oku namnye ngaphandle umahluko Ubukhulu linear lomzimba bandiselwa zikarhulumente eziqhelekileyo. Iziphumo zovavanyo simangale ezinye. Kwathi kanti, kwimeko deformations ezincinane phakathi zobude kunye ilastiki amandla inobudlelwane umlinganiselo ngqo. Apha siye kwelinye ixabiso, esiyibiza 'ngumlingani ka luthambe. Kuxhomekeke umbandela umzimba wenziwa kuzo, phezu kwaso oko ineenkalo yomgama.