Folk Culture of Belarus. Imbali kunye nokuphuhlisa inkcubeko Belarus

Thetha malunga ngembali kunye nophuhliso lwenkcubeko Belarusian - into enye, uzama ukuxelela imbali elide nezinomtsalane. Enyanisweni, oku urhulumente wabonakala kakhulu ixesha elide, ukukhankanywa yokuqala kubonakala emva konyaka 862, xa kwakukho umzi ka Polotsk, egqalwa imizana endala. inkcubeko Belarusian iye yaguquka ukutyhubela iinkulungwane kwaye edibene ezahlukeneyo iziganeko ngelo xesha. Mhlawumbi yiloo nto u ayakhanya kwaye zahlukene.

Ukuvela inkcubeko

Ukuba sithetha ukuba ivele ngendlela Culture of Belarus, kwaye ukuba kuchaphazeleka ngokukodwa, bekuya kuba nzima ukuba uphawule izinto ezifana Renaissance, uHlaziyo kunye yiEnlightenment. ixesha Renaissance for Belarus wamiswa kwi ngummeli ebaluleke kangaka zeli xesha njengoko Frantsisk Skorina. Yena akazange kuphela kwaziwa njenge umshicileli kunye nabantu, kodwa wazama ukuzisa ixabiso elikhulu eluntwini ngokomoya, ngokunjalo ezama kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukutyhila le ngcamango ngokweenkcukacha indlela "ekuhlaleni" yaye "umntu." Yaba nguye omisa umatshini wokushicilela wokuqala Belarus.

Belarus ngenkulungwane ye-18 yiEnlightenment inkcubeko wakhumbula ixesha xa elite kumazwe aseYurophu bagidime baxhoba i "ummandla engqiqo." Ngeli xesha, ngokubonakalayo ekuphuhliseni uncwadi Belarusian, nangona yokuba impindezelo ukoyikeka iimfazwe yemiwewe. Ngokutsho kwababhali-mbali, lelona xesha nemveliso kuphuhliso lwenkcubeko Belarusian bafika ngenkulungwane ye-17, xa abemi wakhula kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuba inqanaba lokuqonda ngamnye.

Ithuba Soviet

Phezu imbali yayo, umhlaba yangoku Belarus baye batyelela njengenxalenye ezahlukeneyo izilawuli, kunye ubukhosi. Namhlanje, eli lizwe ngamnye kwaye karhulumente self-ngokwaneleyo kakhulu. Kodwa kanye, kwakunye namanye amazwe amaninzi, Belarus yayigqalwa inxalenye Byelorussian SSR kunye USSR. Ngeli xesha, ukuphuhliswa kwenkcubeko e Belarus umxhelo ingakumbi engaqhelekanga. Ngokutsho kweengcali, ibonakala ngokucacileyo inkcubeko yalo karhulumente ngexesha February Revolution ngo-1917. Kwakhona, iingcali qaphela ukuba eli thuba ixesha kuqwalaselwa ithuba Belarusization.

Nokuba ngexesha umsebenzi German lwabasebenzi esebenzayo kweli lizwe nako ukubuyisela nje kuphela "zokupapasha Belarusian", kodwa ukuze uqalise ukuvelisa iphephandaba "Gaumont". Kwangaxeshanye, amatsha baye ukuvulwa kwezikolo 200 Belarusian, nto leyo kwakhona engqina umnqweno wabantu kuphuhliso self-ukuphucuka. Noko ke, ababhali-mbali bakholelwa ukuba ngeli xesha, uRhulumente wafuna ukufumana abantu ngoncedo ubuzwe. Thina ukudala iindidi imidlalo wabeka phambili amalungu kakhulu esebenzayo. Ingakumbi ukwazi ukuveza abameli eliqaqambileyo ngokunjalo modernity Soviet njengoko Goloded M. kunye A. Worms.

inkcubeko lwangoku

Ngeli xesha eSoviet inkcubeko Belarusian yakwazi ukuba kuzuzwe lukhulu. Umzekelo, iinqobo ulwimi niphakanyiswe nina, ungubani, kunye nesizwe Belarusian. Kodwa konke ngokukhawuleza bawa phantsi koxinzelelo nkqubo Stalin kaThixo. Iimbono iiBolsheviks washiya phantse ngokupheleleyo inkqubo kwesizwe, ethe waqala nje alulame ekhuselekileyo yale mimandla. Eli xesha ukhunjulwa njengexesha of Belarus, apho sigqibo enye kunye nesizwe ebumbene. Ngoko ke, ukuba ukuthetha malunga nokuphuhliswa kwenkcubeko zicwadi kunzima kakhulu kweli lizwe.

Noko ke, ngo-1991 le meko itshintshe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ukutshintsha urhulumente wathabatha odolo zazo, Belarus waphinda waqala ukubuyisela namasiko alo kunye nobuzwe. Yayamkela le nkqubo karhulumente ukuba uphuhliso lolwimi Belarusian, kwakunye waphila Belarusian Culture Fund. Inkqubo yokubuyisela ifuthe elibi kuwo onke amanqanaba, kodwa kuyabonakala ingakumbi imisebenzi boncwadi ngelo xesha. Namhlanje Belarus wahlukile ukusuka kwamanye amazwe, hayi nje kuphela ngenxa ubuni balo, kodwa banezimbo, iimilo neentsingiselo ngokwesithethe sabo.

zedrama kazwelonke

Akumangalisi ke, ababhali-mbali ukufunda awohluke inkcubeko Belarusian, ingakumbi ikuqaphele ukohluka zedrama yesizwe. Eneneni, phantse zonke kwiimbono zabantu ngendlela elula, ezibonakala isinxibo. Kodwa enyanisweni, ku neehempe emibalabala ezimfakamfele, iilokhwe eliphangaleleyo layigubungela awungaphezulu na kwinto yokwambatha nje. Folk Culture of Belarus, njengoko sele sibonile, eman 'kunye namanye amazwe. Ngoko ke, nezimfakamfele liqaqambileyo nesibeke shirt elula wengubo kleshenyh besini enobulungisa, apho ngokuqhelekileyo zinxitywa kumaxesha amandulo, amaxesha amaninzi zifumaneka kwezinye iintlanga. Ngelo xesha Belarusians ihlala nemincili malunga nento yokuba omelwa eli laphu. Isivatho nganye vika okanye wamnceda ngengqiqo, umnini yokunxiba. Ngoko ke, abasetyhini basoloko bazama kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuhombisa kuphela iimpahla, kodwa ukudala bakhuselwe ezimpahleni eyindoda. Ngokufuthi ungafumana costume yesizwe Belarus, apho kukho iminqwazi eziqaqambileyo.

umculo

Ayimangalisi into yokuba namhlanje phantse onke Days of Belarusian neNkcubeko ziqaqambile kwaye endle. Xa izandi ezisezidolophini umculo zemveli, nasezitratweni ungabona iintlobo ngeentlobo zedrama Belarusian. Ukuba sithethe uhlobo umculo ezifana abamele abantu, ngoko ngokuqinisekileyo sinako ukwahlula iingoma lokuhlambulula.

Ukususela i Eastern nokuxubana isusela emva kuphuhliso umculo kweli lizwe. Izixhobo eziphambili anokuthi ebizwa yesizwe - na, necangci Belarusian kunye Duda.

Kumaxesha amandulo, abantu abakule meko amaninzi eyenziwa iingoma isiko: carols, umxholo lomtshato, ingoma avune okanye couplets Shrove. Amazing MaNcuthu izixhobo engaqhelekanga Belarusian nga ukuyithanda sound lokuqala, kunye mibala anomtsalane kunye lula kubulawa kwanyanzeleka ngonaphakade ukuthanda umculo beli lizwe. Noko ke, amazwi nazo luphawulwa ukungacaci zabo. Ngamanye amaxesha, kwiindinyana ezininzi elula kulele intsingiselo enzulu, leyo adlulisele inkcazelo ethile ayibonakali bangaphandle. nyaka ngamnye kweli lizwe inikeza inani elikhulu le minyhadala ingoma, apho ungakwazi ukubona kuphela zokubonisa eqaqambileyo, kodwa yakuliva umculo yesizwe!

theatre

Abo ukhe kwindawo yokubonela Belarusian uya kusoloko khumbula esi siganeko, ngokuba kwicala zemini kwiphondo yobuciko uyahluka ezithile koko kunokubonwa kwamanye amazwe. Culture of Belarus uye wema ngaphandle ukuba libe njengombane yayo engaqhelekanga, kodwa yeqonga - kwaye wenze into ekhethekileyo yaye ezikhethekileyo zingafunyanwa kuphela kolu hlanga. Njengoko usazi, yemiboniso yobungcali kweli lizwe lisukela emva amaxesha izithethe zamandulo iintsomi. Mhlawumbi loo nto umbona engekho nje ngokungafaniyo nayiphi na eminye imidlalo yeqonga ehlabathini.

Kumaxesha amandulo kummandla Belarus kaninzi lwenziwa yaye wayehambahamba neseemvumi, qembu inkundla, yaye, ke, amaqela engahlawulwayo. Ngoko ke akukho mfihlakalo ukuba Belarusians - abantu creative osoloko uzama self. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, eli lizwe 28 zemiboniso karhulumente, kuzo kunye neendidi ezahlukeneyo zeetekisi. Ngaphandle okumangalisayo kunye zomculo Belarus ingafumaneka, yaye imidlalo yonopopi, esibonakala ngokuba nokubengezela kwawo kunye nokwenziwa ezingaqhelekanga. Kodwa edume kakhulu kweli lizwe uthathwa ukuba Bolshoi Opera kunye Ballet Theatre of Belarus, loo nto ufuna ukutyelela ubuncinane kanye ebomini babo!

Literature nobugcisa obubonwayo

Science and Culture of Belarus isoloko yahlukile kwiindawo efanayo kwamanye amazwe. Literature kwaye yonke ukubizwa ngendlela eyahlukileyo, ngenxa yokuba ababhali edumileyo iziganeko ezimibalabala kakhulu esichazwe imisebenzi yakhe. Ngokubanzi, ngenxa yokuba Belarus inani elikhulu ngamagama olwaziwayo namhlanje umdla evela kumfundi mihla. Umzekelo, Kotlyarov ifani Ragutsky, Anoshkin, kunye nabanye abaninzi niye namoyisa iintliziyo abathandi bokwenyaniso lamaqhosha olukhazimlisiweyo. Kwakhona Belarus unalo isixa esikhulu amanani zenzululwazi abaye negalelo kuphuhliso yenzululwazi yehlabathi.

italente Artistic ukuba abantu yakutya. Kurhulumente Belarusian akhawunti elininzi Amagcisa bakwazi malivakale ngomsebenzi wakhe phezu kwelimiweyo liphela. Amaninzi achazwa umhlaba wesizwe kunye nobuhle welizwe loonyana babantu bakowabo, kodwa phakathi amagcisa ezaziwayo-kakuhle ukuhlangabezana kunye portraitists abanetalente.

Ikhitshi kunye izitya belizwe

History of Culture of Belarus nje akwazi ukwenza ngaphandle izitya yesizwe. Abo uke wazama kwezine emnandi, ungaze uyilibale incasa yawo. Abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba engundoqo Belarusian cuisine dish - enekuku zamazambane, kodwa oku akunjalo. Kakade ke, kumaxesha amandulo, abantu neendidi ezahlukeneyo ingakumbi iitapile yayo ilula kwaye zifikeleleka, kwaye ukusetyenziswa zokupheka, nabanako lula likhule. Kodwa ababhali-mbali Ngeningalifumananga namhlanje ukuba abantu bokuqala Belarusian bakhetha ukuba nidle isidlo yokuqala. Kwelinye icala, akukho nto ayimangalisi kukuba kwi Belarusians amandulo zidla iitafile beze okuluncuthu inyama. Umzekelo, verashchaka, ayi ezahlukeneyo kunye nenyama esojiwe iiresiphi ezizodwa imifuno kunye nobulawu. Kodwa ke eyona idumileyo iziselo Belarusian kunye neelekese. Umzekelo, sbiten, Kulaga, isuphu yotywala and Krambambulya. Kukho nkqu iresiphi ekhethekileyo Belarusian isonka ayoni, ayifani kuphela incasa phezulu, kodwa iipropati luncedo.

features kazwelonke

Phakathi iimpawu yesizwe yabantu Belarus ngokuqinisekileyo bonisa umnqweno kulondolozwe sisizwe esizimeleyo kunye nophuhliso. Ngawo onke amaxesha, abantu beli lizwe wafuna ukusindisa okubaluleke - ukohluka yayo ibe nentsusa.

Nangona yokuba kweli lizwe lalidla imfazwe kunye revolution, abantu baye bakwazi ukulondoloza kuphela ezikhumbuzo ezinkulu inkcubeko Belarus, kodwa ngokubanzi ufuna ukugcina imbali yabantu bakhe. Ababhali-mbali zibonisa ukuba le mbono wesizwe engenakwenzeka ukucinga, nokuba ukulicacisa, kangangeenkulungwane abantu kufika nje kuphela nokuphuhlisa inkcubeko yabo, kodwa ukuba benze konke okusemandleni ukuze iingcambu zabo. Belarus - ngumzekelo obalaseleyo ilizwe ilawulwa, naphezu kobunzima ezininzi, ukuba bagcine nto ibalulekileyo.

Future isiko Belarusian

Njengoko yaziwa, i Belarusians - kahle kakhulu kwaye abantu abalungileyo-natured. Ngokutsho nomlinganiswa kunye sengqondo ukuba ziyafana kakhulu namanye amakholwa nokuxubana. Ngoko ke akukho mfihlakalo ukuba namhlanje phantse onke amazwe bafuna nje ukulondoloza inkcubeko yabo, kodwa nabakuvuyelayo ukubuyisa. inkcubeko Belarusian Wagcinwa kangangeenkulungwane, yaye namhlanje lizwe ibalulekileyo - ukuqhubeka ngamandla ukukhusela nothando ibali lakhe.

Nangona kunjalo, uqikelelo ukwenzela nenkcubeko Belarus ukukhanya kakhulu, kuba nanamhla oku zikarhulumente ukudala amagcisa ezintsha, ababhali kunye nabahlohli ngubani nangoko lukunceda abaphulaphuli ngomsebenzi wakhe. Njengoko ngaphambili, zemiboniso, amaziko olondolozo neegalari azele abantu, yaye oko kuthetha ukuba abantu baya kuzama ukuphuhlisa ububeke imbali ndawo.