Eyona engundoqo iimfazwe Northern War - amanqaku kugqiba kwimbali Russian kanye zaseYurophu

Northern Great War ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XVIII, apho ithi ezininzi kumantla Yurophu ziye bayabandakanyeka ngezinga elikhulu kuchatshazelwa meko neAfrika kunye nophuhliso ngakumbi lonke eli lizwekazi. Iimfazwe eziphambili Northern kweMfazwe kukhokelele bazoyise kubuhlungu uBukhosi Swedish. busa State iinkulungwane eScandinavia, eUnited Baltic naphesheya kumantla Yurophu, zange aphinde amandla alo bangaphambili. Ngelo xesha linye iimfazwe eziphambili Northern War yakhokelela ibonwe phambi ngokuvela yoBukhosi Russian ebukumkanini eMoscow yasekuhlaleni indawo eyaneleyo. Ngenxa yale impixano, kwaye, kakade, sibulela umgaqo-nkqubo mlawuli okokuqala kwexesha lemo Russian kumazwe eBaltic ndomelezeka, amazibuko woLwandle North kwaye okwesihlandlo sokuqala wazuza isinqanawa enamandla. Noko ke, le impi akusoloko yimpumelelo ukuba amajoni eMoscow kaThixo. Ngaphezu koko, isigaba sokuqala imfazwe yaba yimpumelelo gqitha Sweden. Kodwa xa kukho la mathuba ebalulekileyo? Apho kwenzeke idabi iphambili Northern War? Iimpendulo lo mbuzo yahluke kakhulu. Longquzulwano yaqhubeka iminyaka engamashumi amabini apheleleyo - ukususela 1700 ukuya 1721. Kwaye kufuneka inike amadabi eziliqela baye baba negalelo elikhulu kwimbali Russia, iYurophu kunye nehlabathi jikelele.

Eyona engundoqo iimfazwe Northern War

Battle of Narva

Eli dabi yaba komdlalo wabo wokuqala enkulu imikhosi yaseRashiya kunye Swedish. Ngo-Agasti ka-1700 Karl XII amandla atsho emuva i encedisayo Russian Denmark nokwenza uxolo kunye naye. Emva kolo loyiso, amajoni Swedish kuqalisa uzithi enqabeni Russian elingasemntla Narva yaye phakathi kuNovemba, ukufezekisa uloyiso. Le kokoyiswa ifumene backwardness ngamandla karhulumente Russian ngokwalo zomkhosi kunye noqoqosho. Eli lizwe esengozini inqoba. Nangona kunjalo, izigqibo ekunene avela kuloo ukoyiswa wanceda ubunkokheli Russian ixesha elifutshane ukululama kuyo.

Eyona impi Northern War

Phi kwaye oko kwenzeka nini? Kuba ilizwe lethu, ezinjalo, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, yinto eyaziwayo-kakuhle Idabi Poltava. Ngo 1709 i balwa azilawulwa kuphela ukuba kude ukuya ngasezantsi lizwekazi, kodwa abawathabathayo imfazwe inani namahlakani uPetros. Okokuqala, sithetha Saxony kunye Poland. Lonke umthwalo kokuyaphula yotshaba enamandla bawa phezu kwamagxa eRashiya. iphulo Swedish ezweni karhulumente baqalisa entwasahlobo ka-1708 yi mhlawumbi akukho mfuneko kwakhona ukuphinda, yintoni yaphela Idabi Poltava. Ngoku waziwa kuyo yonke yesikolo. Kodwa ke into ebalulekileyo, iye yaba zaguquka apha impixano, emva koko umkhosi Russian ikwazile ukuhambisa Bekubonela emfazweni Ukraine ukuya aseBalti.

Gangut ukulwa

Ngo-1714 i-fleet usana Russian iphumelele uloyiso yayo yokuqala ezithe- eCape Hanko. Enyanisweni, emva koku boyisiwe, nyathelo ekhubekisayo ngonaphakade iya kwizintlu uPetros.

ukulwa Gregamsky

Ngowe-1720, nawa oselula Russian iphumelele enye oyise kwi preg siqithi. Sweden, wawahlula ngaphambili kweli lizwe, kwaye ngoku ndawonye nesinqanawa woyiswa, kwanyanzeleka ukuba enze uxolo. Ngenxa yoko, iimfazwe eziphambili Northern kweMfazwe ekugqibeleni kukhokelele loo nto ibizwa ngokuba yinkqubela-Nystadt Uxolo Treaty (phantsi igama laloo mzi apho yasayinwa), nto leyo ekhokelele egameni inkunkuma Russian unxweme koLwandle Baltic ukusuka Riga ukuya Vyborg, nto leyo yaba amandla olwandle.