Jenny von Westphalen: biography, iinyaniso zobomi

ngenxa imvelaphi zayo, lo mfazi ukuze kukhanye emphakathini eliphezulu kwaye baphile obutofotofo, ubukho akakhathazeki. Kodwa Jenny von Westphalen, iinyani ezinika umdla malunga ezo zichazwe kweli nqaku, unyule ubomi eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Full ukubandezeleka, nasekusweleni kunye nobunzima. Ukuba ukufa oko, yeha, ilungiselelwe ukuba umfazi enkulu enye ingcali yale Karla Marksa ubukomanisi.

Imvelaphi Jenny von Westphalen

Ngenye imini ubusika kwintsapho osisityebi of basebukhosini baseJamani waba intombazana egama uJenny. Igama elipheleleyo - Ioganna uBerta Julia Jenny von Westphalen. Umhla wokuzalwa kwakhe - eleshumi ngoFebruwari 1814.

Uyise nomntwana wayenxiba kwisihloko baron, waye kwinkonzo ingenalo novelwano, apho wayebambe isithuba ngokwanelisayo phezulu. ookhokho bakhe basebukhosini Prussia - Iwotshi ethile kaJenny kwicala kayise bakhonza njengomcebisi, unobhala, yaye kamva Field Marshal kwi Duke Ferdinand Braunschweig. Ugogo yaba continuer ubukhosi elite yeengcungcu, eSkotlani. Kwakhona Mother Jenny von Westphalen waba noblewoman ilifa, kodwa imvelaphi abathobekileyo ngakumbi.

Lo mzalwana omkhulu umfazi elizayo Marx basukuma zolungiselelo isihloko. Kungenzeka, intombazana kwakhona ukuba nekamva eliqaqambileyo. Kodwa yonke into ucime indlela yokuphuma ...

ubuhle lokuqala

Abazali olubonakalayo uJenny wazama Intombi yakhe imfundo elungileyo. Ukongeza kwicandelo lookhetshe kunye nobuchule zenzululwazi, le ntombazana nenkangeleko eliqaqambileyo kwaye ayesaziwa ukuba belle ye iibhola edolophini omdala Trier, apho yapasisa esengumntwana nolutsha.

Jenny von Westphalen, ifoto wasinda, wabona kulungile kunene. ubuso bakhe ukhumbuleka ume ngaphandle amakhulu kwabanye.

Ayimangalisi into yokuba ehlabathini heiress kunye ukumkanikazi iibhola rhoqo ukugoba fans. Nomnye wabo - uLieutenant Karl von Pannwitz - intombazana eselula eneminyaka iminyaka elishumi elinesixhenxe, wada wakwazi ukugqibezela nokubandakanywa. Kodwa le manyano akazange abe umtshato. Kwiinyanga ezintandathu emva kokuba uthethathethwano aphulwa.

Iyazazi Karlom Marksom

Jenny von Westphalen kunye uKarl Marx yafezekiswa njengoko abantwana. ooyise, nangona kwizikhundla ezahlukileyo leri kwezentlalo, abahlobo. Iogann Lyudvig von Westphalen indoda silinene ngokubanzi, nayo imfundo kakuhle kakhulu. Kwaye kwisithuba ukuba ukgumhambi yobandlululo. Xa wayeneminyaka engama-iminyaka elishumi linamibini, uCarl uqala ukuya esikolweni kumzalwana wakhe uJenny rhoqo kuza endlwini lwentsapho ukudlala von Westphalen.

Kamva, Marx wathi ukuba akazange ayiqonde yaye akazange afune omnye umfazi, ukongeza ku Jenny von Westphalen. Nje umntwana, wawa uthando ne ntombazana eqhubela phambili (wayeneminyaka ngaphezulu kweminyaka emine) kunye Akukho kukhumbula. Ke kaloku, xa wayekhulile, s'thandwa wathi kuye imbuyekezo.

Engagement elinesixhenxe Karl noJenny, ngelo xesha wayeneminyaka emashumi mabini ananye, mhlawumbi wayeya wothuswa abazali lomtshakazi kwaye lonke uluntu eliphezulu Trier. Kodwa ngayo phantse akukho mntu wayesazi - Abantu abatsha igcinwe ubuhlobo babo emfihlekweni. kwaye kuphela uyise Marx kaThixo dade, kwaye nkqu nentombi, uJenny, zanikezelwa. Phantse nangoko emva amale, Karl waya isifundo. Ke uJenny wasala ukuba alinde kuye.

Indlela olunameva emtshatweni

Ukuba kude, abantu abatsha enye kwenye baba imbalelwano ndiyazingca yaye waphupha imini xa ekugcineni kunye. Marx wayesele waqalisa imisebenzi yakhe yezopolitiko, yaye ingqalelo umfundi ukungathembeki. Ngenxa intshutshiso omfana kwakufuneka ukutshintsha iiyunivesithi eziliqela.

Ezi ngxaki yiyo akanyanzelisi into yokubana ngaphandle umfanekiso intloko oyintanda, yaye kwiminyaka emibini kamva, emva kokuba Ukubandakanyeka Jenny uKarl wenza isiphakamiso eyayingafuni intsapho sentombazana. Nentsapho umyeni akazange ukwamkela le manyano, njengoko umtshakazi luphele.

Emva kokufa kwakhe uyise uCharles phakathi kwezi ntsapho zimbini okuhambe ngokungalunganga kwaye ngcembe shwaka. Kodwa akabanga ukusebenza uthando Marx oselula noJenny von Westphalen. Baqhubeka ukuba baphupha emtshatweni.

Emva kokugqiba University kwaye wafumana isidanga sobugqirha yakhe 1841, Marx wayenethemba lokuba wayeya kushiywa ezindongeni yeziko apho unako ukufumana sobuprofesa. Kodwa ke igama eendaba iingcamango athandabuzekayo sawela ezi kulindelekileyo. Kwindima yakhe uCharles walelwa, yaye akazange akwazi ukunikela umfazi wakhe elizayo. Ngoko ke, lo mtshato kwafuneka ukuba elinye ixesha kwakhona.

UJenny oneminyaka eli-27 ubudala, nto leyo zonke ngokuba intombi endala, waba lithemba. Kwaye uKarl nagged ngunina, zimngcikiva kwangokunjalo ukuya sloppiness kwaye ukunyanzela ukufunwa kwindawo efudumeleyo elangeni.

Kodwa ezi ngxaki nto bathanda ngokwahlukana. kunjalo batshatile, nangona zonke kunye bonke. Jenny von Westphalen ngelo xesha Yaba wayeneminyaka emashumi mabini anethoba. Honeymoon kushada iRhine yanika unina umtshakazi lowo. Baye imali ngokwabo ngelo xesha na. Noko ke, zagcina ...

I iintsimbi yokuqala

Sele kwiinyanga zokuqala ezimbalwa emva kokuba betshatile, uJenny waqonda ukuba umntu otshatileyo. Akazange azame ukufumana obulula, kodwa umsebenzi ohlawulayo. njalo intloko yakhe eninzi ngezimvo, isiqingatha ekhangeleka kumnandi. Marx rhoqo ukulahlekela kwezinye izangqa, ezinye iingxoxo, ukubhala into ... Ngokusikhumbula sasemini wenze isidlo sasemini.

Ebona le meko, unina ka-Charles ezisengozini, unyana wakhe, ukuba akazange amkele esakhe isabelo selifa kayise. Kwaye ke Marx oselula ubhenele enkundleni. Themis waba ecaleni indlalifa, uKarl wabona into eninzi ngeenxa zonke, leyo ubanike ukuba ukuzimela ngokwezimali uJenny. Kodwa ... Le mali shwaka ngoko nangoko. Emva Frugality umbhali we "Capital" andinakuze ndiqhayise.

intombi ekuthinjweni

Kodwa babesaqhubeka embalini. Umphefumlo continuer bentsapho amanene von Westphalen wanikela roll nangakumbi. Umyeni wakhe emsebenzini iphephandaba, apho lahlala phantsi, uze emva koko bonke baqalisa ukuba babasukele. Ixesha elininzi esi sibini Marx ukuba bazenze-ekuthinjweni. Okokuqala kwakukho France: Paris ... ke Belgium. Ke kwakhona, Paris. Yaye ekugqibeleni - London. Ukuyalela Marx ushiye abasemagunyeni Brussels ndiwanikele kuye ukuba enze ezingama kweeyure ezingama-48, yaye wanyanzeleka ukuba anikezele nzima-ukucwangcisa engile uhambe phantse akukho yomthwalo intsapho. Kwaye ngamanye amaxesha, uKarl ndasala ndedwa, yaye uJenny wahlala ukulungisa zasekhaya.

Gen. umthwalo jikelele walala kuphela emagxeni akhe-ethe. Yena wayezama ukunceda kunokuba Ungaba ndlela, kude ngemihla, wendele yintatheli nakwezopolitiko, nomyeni wakhe. Kunye nabahlobo kamva Marx wathi ukuba kaJenny, ngewayengazange sibe lento aba.

Kwaye ukumelana njani? Ehamba rhoqo, beremeneya phantse unyaka wonke, kunye nabantwana abancinci kwaye uhlale ngaphandle kwemali ... wena Ngaba unokuyithelekelela intombi kuphela abazizityebi ukuba aphuphe malunga ilokhwe elula?

ezingokwezimali Ithathwe

A bemali entsatsheni, enyanisweni, yaba yintlekele yodwa. Kuba iiveki, uJenny von Westphalen kunye uKarl Marx kunye nabantwana wahlala phezu isonka, amanzi kunye neetapile. Ngaphezu kubo kuxhonywe isoyikiso yindlala kunye namakhaya. impahla yakhe akazange - engile shot. Yonke imihla, unina abantwana abaninzi kwafuneka ukuba alwe ngelifu amatyala kunye bakhalela isonka baker ukunika mboleko okokugqibela ... Xa pawnshop Jenny bayithwala yonke into - anqabileyo usapho, izinto zexabiso, iimpahla. Kanye nokuba sisiketi nonina olunye ntsapho lixhoba obiza.

Ngakumbi nzima xa Marx e Brussels entolongweni, yaye kwafuneka ukuba zimthwale iipasile. Kodwa Jenny wayesaya abantwana! Ngubani ongathanda ukuba adle. Ubuhlungu ...

ukuzeka kade umsindo unina

Ibali lobomi abantwana Jenny von Westphalen - kabuhlungu page. Iminyaka elishumi (1844 ukuya 1857), esi sibini waba abazali Marx izihlandlo zibe sixhenxe. Kodwa emva kokuzalwa kulandele ukufa. Ukunqongophala amayeza kunye nokutya efanelekileyo yajika ibulale kule ntsapho. UNyana Edgar wafa eneminyaka eli-8; lo mfana yesibini - Henry - ngexesha lokufa akukho konyaka ubudala; konyaka omnye ubudala wafa kude uFrancis; nonyana yokugqibela wasweleka phambi kokuba wanikwa igama.

Abantwana abagulayo, kwaye abazali nako ukubanceda. Hayi ezibangela ugqirha olungileyo - nkqu ipleyiti lesuphu ekucebiseni komphefumlo ukuba abanalo ithuba. Xa uFrancis wafa kancinci, umama kunye notata wam akazange abe imali kumngcwaba. Kanye lomngcwabo senziwe ematyaleni.

Kuphela ezithathu zoonyana baka-Karl noJenny wafikelela mdala - intombi, uLaura, Eleanor noJenny, ogama emva kokuba unina wakhe. Kwaye ke ... Eleanor wathabatha ubomi bakhe eneminyaka engama-43, noJenny ngexesha ukuzibulala 39.

umfazi wakhohlisa

Jenny von Westphalen, olunomdla kuzo ebomini iye ngokubanzi eyaziwa kuluntu nga ri khale, iye yasinda nje ukufa abantwana, kodwa uyakrexeza. umfazi yempangelo amaxesha ukuba ziwile phezu kwentloko yakhe yonke amashwa ehlabathini.

Kwanokuba ekuqaleni ubomi bentsapho endlwini Marx bahlala elinanye intombazana Helene, wathabatha anyamekele indlu; kwandule ke sibini abantwana. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, igumbi Ndityelwa yi best friend uJenny. Marx wayekuthanda ukudlala naye wechess.

Xa Helene wayeneminyaka elishumi elinesixhenxe, phakathi kuyo kunye umnini-ndlu kwakukho umcimbi, nto leyo inkwenkwe egama Freddy.

Carl ifihlwe ngenyameko kubomi efihlakeleyo umfazi wakhe. Kwaye mna wabuza ngumhlobo Engels iwugubungele. Yonke bavakalelwa kukuba Freddie - ngunyana wakhe, Helene - nomfazi wakhe eqhelekileyo-mthetho. Kungenzeka, uJenny thelekelwayo yonke into ... Kodwa ingqondo sele akasifakanga.

Hi ndlela leyi, lo mba asinguye kuphela. Biographers bhala ukuba sele kakhulu abaqolileyo Marx romance ephothiweyo nomtshana wakhe, lowo junior bakhe kweminyaka eli-19.

umcebisi zoncwadi

Kodwa ke nangona zonke izilingo, uJenny von Westphalen, engobomi eziqale yentsapho izinhanha, wahlala ngesibindi. Kwaye de umoya yokugqibela yena wayemthanda indoda yakhe, kumnceda ngandlela zonke.

Indima uJenny impumelelo yakhe umbhali journalistic kwakunye kubalulekile, njengoko umfazi kakuhle ofundileyo enyanisweni umhleli loncwadi kunye mentor iqabane. Jenny funda yonke imisebenzi Marx, ukuba lunike izimvo utshintsho, kwakunye scribbles ukopishe indoda yokubhala eqhelekileyo. Kungenjalo, abavakalisi wala ukuba bababambe. Xa umfazi Marx yaba italente wokwenene zoncwadi, ukuba unikele engasoze inkonzo ebalaseleyo.

Iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe

Kuphela phantse entanjeni Jenny waba ithuba ku tiva italente yakhe nje ngumbhali. Wathabatha up ubuntatheli, ogxininisa kubomi benkcubeko London. Abafundi babethanda neninye noNkosikazi Marx.

It is a Kulusizi ukuba intsabo lokudala yaphazamiseka ekuqaleni njalo ... Ngowe-1878, elinye ibhinqa bafumana umhlaza wesibindi, yaye ngowe-1881 yaphela engobomi Jenny von Westphalen. Iifoto kwiminyaka yakutshanje wabathethela malunga bubomi abethwa kakubi intombi basebukhosini. Loo intswelo amava kungenzeka ukuba kwabangela isifo enje.

Kwaye, kunjalo, ukuqhubeka Jenny akazange azisole nto. Amazwi akhe okugqibela aba amazwi uthando indoda yakhe. Kwaye watyunyuzwa nje intlungu ukuya ekupheleni kwemihla yakhe, unxibe epokothweni ibhatyi ifoto umfazi wakhe, osinde kwiminyaka emibini kuphela. Uthuthu amaqabane, indlela yokugqibela wameva, kodwa ezele uthando isekelwe engcwabeni efanayo. Kwaye ... apha ke wangcwatyelwa umkhonzazana zabo, Lenhen Demut.