Dnestr Moldavian Republic: imephu, urhulumente, umongameli, imali kunye History

Emva kokuba ngokuwa lizwe, leyo ahlala owesithandathu belizwe, ezenziwa ezininzi ithi ezizimeleyo sijamelene nangoko kunye neengxaki ezininzi. Yaye ezinye ihlabathi engafuni nokuva. Le Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic. Oku umiwe ngabantu elikhaliphileyo nje umngeni lonke ubuntu "ephucukile", kodwa ndamelana impendulo xi. Noko ke, imbali yale meko ayamkelwa bonke umdla kakhulu. imbonakalo yakhe kwimephu yehlabathi ngenxa nje kuphela ukuthanda labantu, kodwa iziganeko ezidlulileyo. Kwenzeka ukuba le ndawo ukususela kwinkulungwane elinesibhozo waya yoBukhosi baseRashiya. Kodwa masikhe sijonge nzulu kancinci ukuya kwixesha elidlulileyo.

Indlela Qwalasela indawo

Imbali ye Transnistria ayikho eyahlukileyo kakhulu gqitha kumazwe asebumelwaneni. Kumaxesha amandulo, le ndawo enabantu. Ngokomthetho babehlala apha izizwe Slavic kunye eTurkey. Ngelo xesha, lo mmandla wawuyinxalenye Kievan Rus, ke ngoko zibandakanyiwe Compostela-Volyn ukubusa. Kwinkulungwane XIV ilizwe ocande Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Ekubeni abemi babembalwa, ngoko ke inguqu ukusuka phantsi kolawulo enye ukuya kwenye akukho sisikhubekiso abantu. Kuphela kwinkulungwane elinesibhozo, emva kokuba iinkcukacha sele ubeke endaweni yoBukhosi baseRashiya baqalisa ukuba utshintsho. Ukunyamekela zokhuseleko umda, urhulumente wakhuthaza yokufuduka abemi abekwezo ndawo. Inani labantu beentlanga ezahlukahlukeneyo. Phakathi abemi balo wadibana Bulgarians kwaye Russian, amaJamani namaGrike, yaye, ke, lo Moldovans. Emva kokuba revolution, i Moldovan Ukuzilawula yiSoviet Socialist Republic yasekwa kule ndawo. Yaba yinxalenye Ukrainian SSR. Kwaba kuphela ngo-1939, xa Romania kwanyanzeleka ukuba abuyele komdibaniso imimandla ngaphambili okuhlala, kwasekwa i-Moldavian SSR, eziquka data zombini lizwe. Ukuze siqonde izizathu apho abantu abahlala kwintsimi, akazange unqwenela ukuhlala yinxalenye Moldova entsha, kubalulekile ukwazi imbali yayo.

Formation Industrial Complex

Emva kokuba ukuyilwa abasemagunyeni Moldavian baqalisa ukuthumela iingcali apha evela republic eSoviet. Ngokomthetho we balakha kwintsimi yangoku Ukraine Russian. Ngenxa yezizathu zezopolitiko, kulapha owadala amashishini ezinkulu mveliso. Ngexesha lasungulwa ngokwemeko okuyo Pridnestrovie wamnika-40% of GDP, 90% umbane. Ukongeza, ukuba yayisekelwe 14 encedisayo umkhosi, Kakade ke, izibonelelo ezaneleyo zadalwa. Kubonakala ukuba namhlanje Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic iye yagxila nommandla wayo phantse amandla yonke industrial weli lizwe, emva kokuwa USSR.

Ezisemthethweni, kodwa ayamkelwa kokumiselwa korhulumente omtsha

Kwenzeka xa ilizwe lethu ngaphambili enkulu yaphela lezabelo elinesihlanu. Oko kukuthi, eli candelo liye waqaphela yi-UN, kodwa hayi abantu. Ekubeni Moldova ngokwembali lizale kwiindawo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo kakhulu, abemi bayo yahlulwa "kwiinkampu". Centre ingqalelo indawo yonke. Kuphela Pridnestrovie yabamba uluvo eyahlukileyo. MSSR ipalamente yamkela "Declaration of Independence", nto leyo izenza isiphumo umthetho lokusekwa kwiriphabliki ngaphakathi Union. Kodwa isenzo efanayo ngokungathi bakhululwe kummandla Transdniestria ubudlelwane urhulumente ilizwe elitsha njengoko yabandakanywa kwipalamente Moldavian irhoxisiwe isigqibo sayo. E Tiraspol, hayi bedidekile wavakalisa yesihlanu Novemba 1991 pmr (igama elizeleyo - i Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic) ukuba ukuqonda kwabo ngokwembali kakhulu ubhalo.

Administrative - division kagunyaziwe

Pmr i republic unitary, iqulathe iiyunithi ezisixhenxe zolawulo. Ziquka izithili ezintlanu kunye izixeko ezibini, ngokuthobela le ndawo. Oku - Bender kunye Tiraspol. Dnestr Moldavian Republic (ingasentla) iye iimpawu zawo karhulumente. IFlegi iflegi kunye strip obomvu eluhlaza phakathi. Kwikona zibekwe izando wawela kunye irhengqa. Kulo mmandla kukho iidolophu asibhozo kunye needolophana iilali, anamanci mane amathathu kunye nezikhululo zikaloliwe ezine. Inxalenye zokuhlala iphantsi kolawulo Moldova. Ngo-2011, abantu ngaphaya kwizizwe ezingamakhulu amahlanu amawaka amathathu anesihlanu. Inkoliso yabantu (40%) Bazibona Moldovans, Ukraine - 26%, Russian - 24%. urhulumente pmr usebenzisa iilwimi ezintathu ezisemthethweni kuqondwe ngabameli bamaqela ezinkulu eentlanga. inkolo Main - Christianity, nangona umsebenzi kunye namanye amaqela ukholo-based.

indawo okuyo

Transdniestrian Republic of Moldova (ikhadi lakhe yeendwendwe kweli nqaku) yi ngokwaneleyo ngumcu imxinwa zomhlaba engena phakathi Moldova ne Ukraine. Yena akukho ukufikelela elwandle. Ummandla kweli lizwe - 4163 ezikwere zeekhilomitha. Ukudluliselwa: isahlulo seshumi se eyayisakuba Moldavian yiSoviet Socialist Republic.

Pmr uMongameli usebenza Tiraspol, ikomkhulu eli lizwe. Kukho kwakhona elise zonke ii-arhente zikarhulumente. Le zina- tyaba, maxa wambi kukho iintsika. zorhwebo Land luqulathe ngokuyintloko lomhlaba emnyama. Imozulu ziingcathu njengezwekazi, imvula akwanelanga, kodwa ezolimo ingozi, njengoko uninzi komlambo aqukuqela mmandla - Dniester. Ukongeza, izimbiwa kwaye republic. Pmr isungula kwentlabathi iglasi, iidiphozithi zegrabile kunye nokwakha lekalika. Kukho bumba ceramic. Emahlathini ukuba ibekwe phezu kwamaxandeka i Dniester River, zifumaneka yasendle, nesakhwatsha, nembila, otter, impungutye, ermine. River nikeza intlanzi amanzi kunye sturgeon.

Ungqubano Moldova

Urhulumente self-wavakalisa zange iqatshelwe abe yinxalenye engundoqo kobokuqala Moldavian yiSoviet Socialist Republic, apho, ngokutsho inkcazelo UN, uye ezihlangwini yayo ngokusemthethweni. Impixano ixesha elide bazama ukulungisa. Isicwangciso uxolo ubunkokeli aseMoldova kaThixo sadalwa, njengoko apho pmr kwafuneka ukuba zenze "umanyano yezi 'yakhe. Enyanisweni, lo uxwebhu bazitshitshisela ukuzimela intsimi, nto leyo yaba ngokusemthethweni yinxalenye Moldova, nakuba sikho amagunya ebanzi kuluntu. Tiraspol bazitshitshisela isindululo kuba zisekelwe kumgaqo ekade, oku akwamkelekanga kwaphela kuluntu. Kwakukho intsongelo ezivakalayo axhobileyo.

Okwangoku, ukhuseleko ixhaswa abajongene, bemelwe yi wamajoni Russian, Moldova nabeengingqi. Nangona thethwano rhoqo phantsi kwephiko OSCE, ukunciphisa ukuqina ungquzulwano akunakwenzeka ukuba kuzuzwe. Iliza sokugqibela entwasahlobo ka-2014, xa abemi balapha ubuyeleyo umongameli Russia kunye isicelo isigqibo malunga Ukuvuma of Russia ukuya pmr. Esi siganeko senzeke emva komnyaka iCrimea. Ngenxa yeempembelelo yi abantu bavakalelwa kukuba baya kuba nethuba ukudibanisa kunye kwilizwe lawo yembali. Emva ngo-2006, amashumi asixhenxe ekhulwini abemi vo nje inkululeko evela eMoldova, kodwa olunye ukungena kulo Russian Federation. Ngelo xesha vo asixhenxe anesibhozo ekhulwini lwabavoti. Kodwa zimvo "uluntu oluphucukileyo" wabona ongenalawulo lwentando yesininzi.

pmr uMongameli

Eli lizwe-siseko wayo, nto leyo igqiba idlela zokumisa kunye nohlobo lwe ubukho bayo. Ngokutsho komthetho esisiseko, uMongameli pmr Kukhethwa nevoti ngqo. Unyulo zibanjwa qho emva kweminyaka emihlanu. Kukho imiqathango ethile emalifakwe abaviwa. Ngenxa yesi sikhundla angenza isicelo kuphela ngummi weRiphablikhi sele uwagqibile amashumi amathathu anesihlanu, ngaphezu kweshumi kubo kweli lizwe. Ngoku owayengumongameli pmr - Shevchuk UYevgeny Vasilyevich. It has a ezihlangwini, owenze kule ndawo iminyaka engamashumi amabini. It Smirnov Igor Nikolaevich, ogama isabelo liye lehla kobunzima obuninzi ngoxa uhlala kweli lizwe ayikho eqhelekileyo. Unyulo umongameli lokugqibela ziye zabanjwa ngowe-2011.

umnotho

Ngaphandle kokuba kukho amashishini amakhulu orhwebo, bona unganikezeli ingeniso umntu kweli lizwe. Phakathi iingxaki ekuthethwa ngayo imo yokuqala karhulumente. It ayibonakali evimba ukwakha ubuhlobo kwezoqoqosho inxaxheba kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu. Iinkampani zemveliso ithengiswa kummandla Ukraine naseRashiya. Pmr ophelileyo iye yaqhubeka inkxaso. Ngokomzekelo, imithombo emininzi bonisa ematyaleni sandayo likarhulumente currency igesi (400 ekhulwini we-GDP). Lwemali Transnistria - le engange Transnistrian. Oko yaqala ukuvelisa ngo-2005. Ejikelezayo kukho amatyala zorhwebo 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 kunye engange-500. Kukho kwakhona iingqekembe Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: 5, 10, 25 no-50 eesenti. Inkqubo zebhanki, ngokunjalo kwamanye amazwe, i-enamanqanaba amabini. Lokuqala - iziko lesizwe, le yesibini - le zorhwebo. Lwemali Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic acatshulwe kwintsimi yayo. Okuhlanganiswe iwonga elinye karhulumente engaziwa.

amandla okhenketho

Republic uzama ukutsala kubatyali-mali. Ngenxa yale program ekhethekileyo. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo igalelo kwindawo enkulu ze-kakuhle isakhiwo izithuthi zikarhulumente. Ukongeza, kukho inani zokuhlala ukuba abe ubutyebi bembali. Eyona kubo - Kamenka, apho kukho zesikhumbuzo ezininzi bokwakha. Phakathi kwabo: amabandla, masimu neendawo zokugcina iwayini. ngovuyo Abahlali zibonisa abakhenkethi Manor Marshal P. H. Vitgenshteyna, inxalenye yayo ezigcinwe kweso sixeko. Xa pmr (ifoto emileyo) thala lendalo - "Iagorlic". Kungoku ingqalelo into yokuba zophuhliso lokhenketho eluhlaza lizwe, apho kukho umthamo owaneleyo. Iindwendwe bacebisa ukuba ubone Church of St. Paraskeva yaseSerbia, nto leyo ibekwe kwilali Valea Adîncă museum esimbaxa "Bendery Fortress". Abahlali ke kanjalo nebhongo ezintsonkothileyo ngezidalwa zamandulo "Kolkotovaya umqadi", i lesikhumbuzo ngokwendalo ngokubaluleka yehlabathi.

ukhuseleko loluntu

urhulumente pmr lihlawula ingqalelo imiba zemfundo kunye nezempilo. Imfundo nyaka-ezisithoba kunyanzelekile. Iyonke kweli lizwe isebenza ikhulu elinamanci asibhozo anesine isikolo (ezintandathu - private). Lokufundisa wamashumi amabini anesithathu ngolwimi aseMoldova, ezintathu - in Ukrainian, kwezinye - in Russian. I TMR ezintathu yunivesithi karhulumente, ukongeza, kukho amasebe zeeyunivesithi Russian kunye Ukrainian. Umzekelo, i-University (isikolo esisiseko) zabhalisa abafundi elinanye lamawaka. Abantu abatsha banakho ukufumana imfundo ephakamileyo eRashiya, neqaphela izatifikethi zabo. Healthcare isebenza ngokusebenzisa inkxaso-mali karhulumente. Ngokobalo manani apha sibe iingcali zempilo iibhedi elinamanci mabini anamanci ngalinye lamawaka ishumi labantu. Kukho amaziko enkonzo kwiindidi ezithile abemi, kuquka abasetyhini kunye noomama nabantwana, abakhubazekileyo World War II.

trade

ezithunyelwa kaRhulumente ezizezakhe iimveliso nezinto ekrwada. Le yokugqibela ziquka isamente, igrabile, isanti. Okunye malunga kumazwe ayimveliso of yokunyibilikisa isinyithi ayoni, ubunjineli ngoomatshini, amandla kunye namalaphu. Uninzi weemveliso walidla Russian Federation kunye Ukraine. Ke kaloku kukho amaqabane avela kwamanye amazwe. Oku iSiriya Turkey, Serbia kunye Romania, amazwe kuphela malunga nekhulu. Pmr lingenisa feedstock igesi yendalo okufanayo kolu shishino metallurgical, iimveliso amafutha. Ilizwe livelise components ngokwaneleyo ngezobunjineli, baye benza ukuba amazwe.

Ukongeza, ezinye iimveliso ukutya kwamanye amazwe (ingakumbi iimveliso inyama). Abathengisi eziphambili zezi Russia kunye Kazakhstan amashishini Moldova kunye iJamani, Ukraine Italy. Urhulumente exhalabisayo esirhweba ngaphezulu kakhulu kumazwe angaphandle kweli lizwe. Oku kuyinyaniso ingakumbi lokutya. KPercentage Udweliso lwenkqubo ukunceda ukuphuhlisa amandla abo, iimeko zendalo zivuma.

imfundiso empini

I TMR uye imikhosi yayo exhobileyo, wadalwa kuphela ukuba yokukhusela indawo yalo uchuku yangaphandle. Military Mfundiso weRiphabliki lunikelwa waqale kuphela. Ngelishwa, umkhosi uza ukubonakalisa ndlongo elikufutshane ummelwane - Moldova. Isakhiwo iqulathe umkhosi komhlaba, umda, ngaphakathi Air Force. Ukongeza, ukuba yasekwa ngokobuninzi yokuzithandela Cossack. Uyalela imikhosi exhobileyo, uMongameli we pmr. Republic wathi ngokwayo urhulumente cala. Kuyo nayiphi na block, oko ayibandakanyi kwaye akanazinjongo bangene. Lo mkhosi ke baqashwa ngokusekelwe ngenkani jikelele, kwaye iiyunithi Cossack - ngokuzithandela. Ukuze iNTSHOLONGWANE bayinyusela imimoya kummandla Transnistria Moldova liye ngokuphindaphindiweyo ubhenele ukuba isindululo ukubamba kwemida yemida kunye ekuqaleni izikhali. ukuqonda khange kufikelelwe kulo mbandela. WeRiphabliki Group sokuSebenza amabutho Russian. Yayo njongo - ukukhusela izixhobo endala yomnye eSoviet Army.