Data GDP eRashiya: okuhambisa kunye nesakhiwo

uqoqosho Russia likaThixo mixed: qhinga iindawo ephethwe ngurhulumente. Xa nenani-90 baba iinguqulelo zeemarike ebomini, nto leyo ikhokelele mveliso ezininzi zentengiso. Nangona kunjalo, xa ezandleni uhulumeni icandelo amandla kunye noshishino wokhuselo lo. Xa siqwalasela eyenzwa eRashiya iminyaka, ukuze kuqwalaselwe ukuba lizwe bobabo "avareji phezulu" iqela le. Ukongeza, eli lizwe malunga ne-30% kwezibonelelo zendalo-langa. Ngokutsho koqikelelo World Bank, ixabiso lawo elipheleleyo kuba ngaphezu kwe-75 ezigidi US. Ingxenye enkulu GDP eRashiya accounted for nzuzo kusuka kwiintengiso kwezibonelelo energy: oli negesi yendalo.

jikelele

Emva kokuba Ukuwa kweUSSR, zonke republic ngoku yangaphambili eSoviet baqalisa ukwakha uqoqosho yayo, kuquka naseRashiya. Noko ke, iindawo ezibalulekileyo kwaye wahlala ezandleni karhulumente, kunye nokukhuselwa kwamalungelo kwipropati yabucala singazange sibekwe kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo. Urhulumente IsiRashiya nefuthe elibonakalayo kuqoqosho. Namhlanje Russia yinkampani ephambili ye-oli negesi yendalo, kwakunye kumazwe zesinyithi ezifana zentsimbi kunye aluminium. Ngoko ke, eli lizwe ixhomekeke kakhulu kumaxabiso okutya ehlabathini.

Iimpawu eziphambili

imveliso Gross yasekhaya (2017): wesiqhelo - 1,56 ezigidi zeerandi US kwi kwamndla okuthenga - 3,94. ukukhula avareji GDP eRashiya kule minyaka ukususela ngowe-1996 ukuya th-2016 - 3,08%. Ityala lwangaphandle lizwe, njengoko ka December 2015, yi-538 ezigidi US dollar, oovimba zegolide ngoAgasti 2016 - 396.4. Icandelo sikweni kuqoqosho, ngokutsho uqikelelo ezisemthethweni, malunga ne-15% ye-GDP. Okunye malunga ne-7% akujongwa ngenxa yobukho urhwaphilizo. Ngokutsho koqikelelo lwabemi neBhanki yeHlabathi, imveliso kwesambuku kunye namaxesha nesiqingatha ngenxa elide phambi kuqoqosho kwesithunzi.

Le Dynamics GDP Russian

Kwimveliso zasekhaya Russian Federation namhlanje imele 2.15% yehlabathi. Xa ucinga GDP eRashiya kule minyaka ukususela ukuzimela, ukuze kuqwalaselwe ukuba ngokomyinge, kuba 877,38 billion US zeerandi. ubuncinane lwayo sabhalwa ngowe-1999, ubuninzi - ngo-2013. Umyinge wemali yangaphakathi kwi kwamndla okuthenga ukuba ixesha yaba 8621,41 billion.

Ngo-2014, recession ngenxa awe amaxabiso oyile, ukwayo Koloni kunye nencindi olandelayo eyinkunzi eRashiya. Nokwanda 0.6%. Ngowe-2015, GDP ikhontrakthi yi-3.7%. Kwakulindeleke ukuba ngowama-2016 oku kuza kuqhubeka. Nangona kunjalo, ukwanda 0.3%. Ngokutsho kuqikellelo yeBhanki yeHlabathi kunye IMF, ngo-2017 imveliso kwesambuku ziya kuqhubeka ukwandisa. Ukuba amaxabiso oyile kwi US $ 40 umphanda, sinokulindela ukuba siwe ngaphezulu kwe-5%.

yokwaba imali

Ngo-2015, uqoqosho Russian ke yesithandathu kokuthenga zixatyiswe ngamandla ukuyotsho - ngamaxabiso exchange emarikeni. Xa siqwalasela GDP Russia hi nyaka (ngowe-2000-2012), ukuze kuqwalaselwe ukuba umgangatho wokuphila yandisiwe ngenxa ukuthunyelwa imithombo ye-eneji. Ngeli xesha, ingeniso yokwenene ezilahlwayo lakhula nge-160%, kwaye dollar - 7. Kodwa ke, kwangaxeshanye, izinga lentswelo ngqesho nentlupheko yawa phantse isiqingatha, kwaye baseRashiya 'inqaku ulwaneliseko ubomi zanda kakhulu. Oku kukhula ebonakalayo kwenzeka sizoku lwisana olusele yorhwebo, amaxabiso e-oli aphezulu, nkqubo eziqinileyo kwezoqoqosho kunye karhulumente. Noko ke, ingeniso phakathi abemi lizwe hhayi lonke ezisasaziweyo. Kuqikelelwa ukuba 110 bazizityebi eRashiya umnikazi-35% yazo zonke ii-asethi zemali. lutho State kule ndawo iye yakhokelela ekubeni iRussia yeyona ephumayo yesibini ngobukhulu imali ngokungekho mthethweni. Kuqikelelwa ukuba eli xesha ngowe-2002 ukuya ku-2011-it ebindilahlekile US $ 880 billion.

Ngoku, umvuzo wesiqhelo wawa ngezantsi $ 450 ngenyanga nganye. Bamalunga nama-19.2 yezigidi baseRashiya baphile ngaphantsi kwezinga labantu abahluphekayo. Ngo-2015, bekukho-16% ngaphantsi. Iimali ziye edyokhweni asasazwa ngokwalo eendawo. EMoscow udla ngokubizwa ngokuba isixeko Billionaire. Nokungalingani ukwabiwa kwengeniso kungenxa yokwanda izenzo zenkohlakalo kunye ubuthathaka zolawulo. Transparency International Russia kumiselwa phezu kweetrone 131 we-176 ngo-2016.

amacandelo ezoqoqosho

Xa siqwalasela GDP eRashiya kwiminyaka-10, ukuze kuqwalaselwe ukuba isakhiwo yayo ayitshintshanga kangako. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ezolimo oluhlasela i-5%, kushishino - ngaphezu kwe-30%, i-service sector - 60%. Inani labantu esebenzayo kwezoqoqosho million 76,9 zabantu. Sabo baqeshwe kwezolimo 9%, kushishino - 28%, iinkonzo - 63%. Izinga lentswela yaba 5.3% ngo-2016.

kwicandelo yangaphandle

Umthamo ezithunyelwa Russian, njengokuba ka-2016, i-251 ezigidi US zeerandi. Ukusuka kuxhomekeke ngokubonakalayo phezu Dynamics GDP eRashiya. Kwamanye amazwe zorhwebo ezifana oli ekrwada kunye neemveliso kuyo, isinyithi, iinkuni, imichiza. abathandana eRashiya kuba Netherlands athunyelwa kumazwe aphesheya. Bona akhawunti ngenxa 11.9% yabo bebonke. Kulandela China ne-8.3%, owesithathu - Germany nge-7.4%. Phakathi namaqabane angaphandle of Russia kunye namazwe afana eItali, Turkey, Belarus, Japan. Umthamo wempahla Russian njengoko ka-2016, yi 172 yeebhiliyoni US zeerandi. Ngoko, intsalela urhwebo yi-HIV. Ingeniswe impahla yabathengi Russian, oomatshini, izithuthi, iimveliso zamayeza, iiplastiki, isinyithi ukuqhubekekiswa, inyama, iziqhamo kunye namandongomani, izixhobo ezisebenzisa amandla zonyango, intsimbi kunye intsimbi. yokungenisa wabo wenziwa kumazwe afana neTshayina, eJamani, eUnited States, eRashiya, Italy. utyalo-mali ngqo kwamanye amazwe eRashiya ngo-2015 yaba 361 billion US zeerandi.