Channel catfish: isakhiwo nokukotshwa

Abemi zemveli amanzi e North America, channel catfish wabonakala Russian ngaphakathi nkqu yoma zenkulungwane lokugqibela. Le ilungu ictaluridae usapho - kakhulu eveliswayo iintlobo ezininzi yorhwebo catfish ezihlala North America, kwilizwe lethu, kwendawo kwimimandla ekumzantsi baqalisa iintlanzi, kwakunye kwamachibi ezizodwa ezenziwa mn. isakhiwo, imikhwa kunye awohluke yobomi uxelela ncwadi.

Iindawo zokuhlala zendalo

Oku kwenzeka ubukhulu becala kwisibanzi asabutropikhi American channel catfish kakhulu thermophilic yaye unovelwano amadama amakhulu kunye lobushushu ngamanzi 25-28˚S. Kuyabonakala ukuba, ezi mpawu negalelo ukuwasa namachibi amanzi ashushu, leyo owaneleyo kwimimandla esembindini of America kunye nomntla Mexico. Njengezinye iintlobo catfish, itshaneli catfish ufikelela ubungakanani gqitha, kodwa ngokucacileyo ezingathathi nelamaRafa, kwenzeka ntoni catfish eqhelekileyo okanye umlambo. I nomyinge wobukhulu channel catfish - akukho neemitha ngaphezu enye enesiqingatha ubude nezinobunzima 5-9 kg. Kodwa le ntlanzi ilinywe kakuhle phantsi kwamachibi eyenziweyo nezadunge.

Channel catfish: zithembise nakancinane xa amadama yokufakelwa

AmaMelika wambiza catfish ikati ukuze bakhululeke "wekhaya" kwaye ezikumgangatho ophezulu ukuziqhelanisa neemeko abathinjiweyo. Channel catfish likhula ngokukhawuleza, inyama yayo uxatyiswa kakhulu, oko okunencasa, Ndithambile, luncedo. nokuzalana Industrial kule ntlanzi, ngoku ke into ephambili iifama zeentlanzi elide yaye wenza ngempumelelo kakhulu eUnited States. Le ntlanzi othandwa kakhulu kunye Abalobi American, ngenxa yokuba lo yasemanzini kuqhelekile kulo lonke elo lizwe, likhula ngokukhawuleza nokwandisa ubunzima bayo.

Ingeniswe kwi-70 e-Europe, catfish channel ebanjwe nezitya zokutshiza ngempumelelo yemilambo Kuban kunye Don, apho namhlanje kukho ukwanda kwabantu izinzile. Catfish yakhulela kwisibanzi ziingcathu - in amachibi zeefama zeentlanzi kufuphi eMoscow kunye nommandla phambene, ibekwe kufutshane ephehla ugesi ngamanzi kunye nobushushu zidibene, badlula amanzi shushu kwi ezingamadama. Ukuncoma iintlanzi amanzi ukunika uphuhliso unyaka-ngeenxa bekhululekile.

ichibi ukulima

Xa ukuzala le ukusetyenziswa uhlobo olunye ngeendlela ezintathu: akwariyam, izitiya, amadama okanye namachibi. Eyona isoloko isetyenziswa echibini yokuzalela yeyona ndlela ilula kwaye ingabizi kakhulu engadingi ukuba imali eninzi ukuthenga izixhobo kunye neendleko zabasebenzi sakugcina. Ukukhetha indawo ukwenzela ukwakhiwa ichibi, ithathele ingqalelo iimpawu ezizodwa:

• sendawo;
• umgangatho kunye nokwakhiwa umhlaba;
• umthamo kunye nomgangatho wamanzi.

Kangangoko ukuba umzimba bamanzi kucingwa ubunzulu 0,9-2 m ngasezantsi yaye 1,8-3,5 m apha ngasentla, apho ngqwabalala sasebusika ukuqanda ngayo emanzini kunokwenzeka. amadama Zaryblyayut entwasahlobo, xa amanzi wotha ku 13-15 ° C. Ngeli xesha, uqhotse ilahleko mncinci kakhulu ekwindla kwaqalwa isencinci. Ngaphezu koko, ngoko nangoko "yasentwasahlobo" Qhotsa ziqala ukukhula ngokukhawuleza. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba kwamandla eyinhloko kwiimeko ezinjalo ukutya ngumntu, umlinganiselo othile ukutya channel catfish lifumana ngenxa isiseko ukutya endalo echibini.

iimpawu ezithile

Channel catfish oluyeleleneyo kakhulu burbot. Umbala intlanzi obungalinganiyo, enemibala. Backrest olunombala iithowuni sinombala emnyama okanye ingwevu zepistasi, ukukhanya ngesisu, isikali phantse emhlophe emzimbeni ndingekho ze. Iinkunzi zahluke kakhulu ukusuka iimazi. Ukuba angcolise ubungangamsha mnyama kwaye ngoko ucaca ngakumbi, intloko sifutshane kwaye abanzi. amadoda abadala njengoko amabhinqa akamelwanga ngcono. Ekwaluphaleni, abadala umbala umzimba intlanzi nalo ngokuphawulekayo mnyama. Ngenxa catfish ezirhwexu namacala ebizwa ngokuba 'channel' ukuba oznachvet eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "edyojiweyo". I-akwariyam apho kufuywe catfish albino. Le catfish channel entloko ezihonjiswe izibini ezine zeepali ezicwangciswe ngababini kufuphi yempumlo, iimbombo emlonyeni kusesilevini. Fish na engenamaphiko ezinameva elibukhali. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe zinetyhefu pectoral kunye amaphiko amanakani yeentlanzi. Phezu udibane nazo akufuneki silibale ngayo isilumkiso.

Xa catfish bulk kukhula ku 0.5-0.7 m, efikelela ezinobunzima kg 4.5 ukuya kwi-9, zona - ngaphantsi. Umzekelo, e Don kunye Kuban ukubamba Kum hayi ngaphezulu kwe-5 kg. Kodwa imbali uyazi som irekhodi-setting: ityala xa South Carolina hlasi catfish channel, leyo ubunzima-26 kg.

indlela yokuphila

Channel catfish oluhlumayo iintlobo karhataka. catfish Young ubomi ihamba liqela, kodwa ngeminyaka, indlela yabo yokuphila iguqulelwa: batshatile, Xa ukunyenyisa baphile "zastolblennoy" ntsimi. Le ntlanzi inokuba kakhulu ndlongo, olubonwa ingakumbi ngexesha amaqanda. Kuba channel catfish yokuhlala efunekayo - snags ezahlukeneyo, emingxunyeni, vee. Behlala kwiindawo ezicocekileyo, zinzulu nge ngezansi oyisanti okanye pebbly, catfish bubomi yodwa, ebonisa umsebenzi umona ekuzingeleni.

Le catfish channel sidla?

Ukudla Catfish zemveli: intlanzi encinane, intlanzi kunye ezingenamqolo. ukutya azixhaphakanga kuye izinambuzane ezahlukeneyo zilwanyana okanye ezanyisayo ezincinane. Ekukholelwa ukuba catfish isiteshi phantse zezitya, ukondla uphawu benthic kuye.

Zidala: ukulungiselela

Lo msitho ubalulekileyo kubomi zonke mmi ichibi oku kwanda. Ngaba Akukho ngaphandle nomzila catfish, ifoto apho linikwa kwi ncwadi. Kwindalo, catfish bulindelwe ukususela phakathi-Epreli ukuya kuJulayi. Ufuna kwaye ufumana chweba bathuleyo imilambo, ichibi encinane cwaka. Amanzi, kangangoko ukuba amaqanda, kufuneka lashushu 20-25˚S. Kanye izilwanyana ezininzi, eyandulela nokulwa zidala silwe amalungiselelo yi eyindoda. Amaxesha amaninzi ezi ukulwa iphele Unxunguphalo, ukwenzakala okanye ukufa bangi ngokuncipha.

Xa umphunga kwakhiwa, yaye amanzi amanzi ukufudumala kwiqondo lobushushu ofunekayo, inkunzi ukhetha indawo efihlakeleyo, ngokuqhelekileyo kufuphi nonxweme, kwaye uqalisa ukwakha iindlwane kunye ukuhlanjululwa olunzulu elitshisiweyo ezantsi kwaye ezahlukeneyo nobutyobo.

Ukunyamekela amaziko

Imazi izala 2-3 amaqanda zilungiswe umaleko kwisiseko, iyileyo nangoko impregnates eyindoda ukuchitha yonke inkqubo esuka iiyure ezi-4 ukuya ku-12. Amaziko ke ukubunjwa elastic abangaboni efanayo imfunxa, kuqulethe amaqanda eliqaqambileyo-orenji ngeenxa zonke, ambathe uqhagamshele omnye komnye. Emva kwanda inkunzi, njengokuba noyise engumzekelo, eqalisa ukukhusela amaqanda kunye nemazi uqhuba off. Yinkqubo ethatha kakhulu kunene, ikhusela kuphela clutch anqabileyo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha behlunguzela amaphiko ayo, ukudala ufikelelo kumanzi entsha ujungujungu ukwakheka. Ukwakha amaqanda iiyure 120-122. Phambi kokuba amaqanda hatching mnyama kwaye ubone iimbumba ikhamisile hulking, elandelwa oyindoda nangoku elibeke esweni. Yena ayisekho amaqashiso amaqanda kwaye ngobunono ekuveleni kwakhe amaphiko akhe. Xa amaqanda ijike ibe umbungu, ukuhamba kwazo zisencinci kakhulu, baza bahlala yentaka, ukwakha amaqela ashinyeneyo ukutshintsha. Le imibungu kwezi amafu, izihloko zicwangciswe intloko kwelo ziko kunye imisila ke sihamba rhoqo. Indalo na olumkileyo, lungiselelo kuvumela imibungu ukudala omtsha ukuhamba kwamanzi lwangaphakathi, uhlamba kude iimveliso inkunkuma kunye namaqanda ufile. Nge ubudala, baba ngakumbi esebenzayo, kodwa egcinwe kufuphi kwindlwane. Emva kweentsuku 2-3 Imibungu sele ukwazi ukudada ukuya kumphezulu kwamanzi. Kulo mzekelo, esinyini qubha ye kombungu okokuqala ezaliswe umoya nomzimba nombala siphuculwe, yaye imibungu yaba hina.

Catfish ezidla uqale ukutya kwizidalwa sele ngomhla wesine, yaye emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa ukuba ngenkuthalo zitya zoobenthos, okuthambile iintlanzi zolwandle, ukondla mixed. Channel catfish Qhotsa zikhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, ukufumana ngokukhawuleza ubunzima.

ukuloba

Le hero yale ncwadi umdla kakhulu ukuloba ezemidlalo, njengobuchule lokwenyaniso kukhuthaza nje iqela eyomeleleyo efana channel catfish. Fishing iplanethi - kwiitumente okuloba, ezithandwayo eMelika kunye okokoko apho qho ngonyaka de bebeyinto isiko eRashiya. Abalobi basekhaya namhlanje abangaqhelananga kobu bomi yasemanzini, ukususela kummandla lonikezelo catfish thermophilic alinganiselwe kakhulu. Kodwa mennee umthamo elungileyo olulungisiweyo intlanzi, ukukhula ngokukhawuleza in vitro kwakunye nencasa ogqwesileyo inyama nomtsalane osomashishini ukucwangcisa ukulinywa catfish ichibi, kwaye sele babengabalobi uthathe inxaxheba kukhuphiswano ekulobeni kwezemidlalo.