Njengoko abunjwe neeperile indalo. ayavunwa Indlela neeperile

Pearl - isipho elwandle, nto leyo ebonisa ukunyaniseka, inyaniso, uthando. Le izinto eziphilayo, ngombala ehlabathini lonke.

Iintsomi namabali

Malunga nendlela zezilwanya neeperile, abantu bacinga ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Enye welivo intle ithi ukuba i iinyembezi Uphunguphungu ezintle, elilela uthando kunye nosapho. Bathi Kwathi ke ukuba intombi enkulu bayinzala ezulwini, primanennaya ulwandle, waza ke wadibana nomnye umfana, weentlanzi ngobuhle emangalisayo. Ixesha emva kwexesha, isihla ivela ezulwini, waphawula lo mfana nzima ukusebenza, yaye ekugqibeleni ndaqweba isibindi ukuba athethe naye. Uphunguphungu uye wafunda ukuba umfana ngokuloba yonke imihla ukuze ukunyanga unina wakhe.

intombi elithandekayo azisole indoda elusizana wakwenza ukuze imveliso buyanda imihla ngemihla. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, umama waya ukulungiswa, kwaye umfana wacela intombi ukuba ibe ngumfazi wakhe. Fall uthandana ngumlobi Uphunguphungu wabanika imvume zabo, baza bahlala ngolonwabo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, esi sibini babeze nonyana. Kodwa ke oothixo behlabathi atyelele kakuhle-ntle ngumhlali yasezulwini Ukohlwaywa kwethu kuyo, uvalelwe inqaba. Njengoko neeperile kwakheka? Iinyembezi ekugqibeleni enyulu elwandle kumiwa hi molluscs kunye Amaqokobhe zabo amaso ezinkulu.

Ixabiso ukususela kumaxesha amandulo

Akwaziwa ekuqaleni ingaba perile baba ezithandwayo uze ukuza kunye lamandulo, okanye malunga kwenzekile, kodwa eGrisi naseRoma yamandulo zomqala ubuncwane yolwandle ezixabisa kakhulu kunene. Ukwazi lamandulo neeperile kwakhiwa, abantu ingqalelo oko luphawu sindiso zomtshato ukuthembeka.

Lahamba ixesha, kwaye ukuthandwa neyeeperile kodwa wakhulela kuphela. KuMbindi Ages umtshakazi womtshato wasiwa uyiluke kuyo izipho yolwandle. Ukuze ukubonisa uthando lwakhe kuba intombazana, abantu abaselula wanika ezihonjiswe neeperile ngomsesane. Oku ingqalelo uphawu inokuthenjwa uthando ubomi, nkqu isifungo sokunyaniseka.

eyaziwa emhlabeni

Amavo malunga nendlela zezilwanya neeperile, kanye njengokuba kakhulu, ukuba abantu abaninzi abahlala kule planethi. Kuzo zonke iindawo apho elide eyaziwa kwemveliso wamandulo eli xabiso, kufuneka awabo amabali malunga ngemvelaphi ubuncwane enkulu iqokobhe nabalulamileyo.

Kangangethuba elide ubuhle isipho ulwandle yabhiyozelwa kwisihobe kwezizwe zonke. "Neeperile" ngeelwimi ezininzi, nenkcubeko ngamazwi "Fundisa", "ekhethekileyo." Ngokwesiko ke kuthathwe ukuba ukuthelekisa ngokobuhle ubuhle yesikhomokazi yobuncwane yolwandle.

Ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi malunga neeperile kule ncwadi? Nikelani ingqalelo isihobe:

• Japanese;
• Chinese;
• Persian;
• Byzantine;
• WamaRoma.

Yini na inzululwazi?

Xa sibhenela izazinzulu lo mbuzo: "Pearl amiliswe njenge" ungabona ukuba yenzeka kwi Yindibanisela a carbonate calcium ethile, eyaziwa ngokuba nacre. Ukongeza, njengenxenye bead conchiolin apho, idlala indima ukwimo horny.

Ukuba iqokobhe lembaza na into ethile amazwe, neyeeperile kuvela ekuhambeni kwexesha. yakheke njani na ubuncwane? Esineqokobhe uvakalelwa ukuba 'ikhaya "lakhe kuvela umzimba amazwe. Oku ingaba:

• ukhozo kwentlabathi;
• Umbungu;
• intwana iqokobhe.

Umzimba uzama ukususa le nto isithuba ephilileyo, apho umzimba zigutyungelwe xa unina pearl. ukusabela ezinto kwenzeka emzimbeni kwaye yenza igugu.

Ngubani, njani, yintoni?

Sele kusaziwa ukuba uhlobo neeperile kukho amakhulu neentlobo abemi amanzi aselwandle namnandi. Yimeko iqhosha - ubukho kweqokobhe. Noko ke, amaso yavelisa ezimagqagala: elihle zombini ifomu kunye nombala. Le version zakudala - yinto bit "angumgubo" uya hina. Ngaphandle kwakhe, ulwandle unika abantu i perile:

• pink;
• blue;
• ngegolide;
• omnyama;
• nobhedu;
• zana.

Ekubeni neeperile kwasekwa iqokobhe phantsi kweempembelelo iimpawu zendalo, ezizezi ukwakhiwa eekhemikhali amanzi apho saselwandle esineqokobhe wahlala kwaye imisela ubuncwane umbala. Ngaphezu koko, iintlobo iimpembelelo mollusc ziye luphawulwa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezahlukeneyo neetyuwa ze iikhompawundi emzimbeni.

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, neeperile zexabiso lithathwe kwi amanzi nePersian Gulf, sikelelani abantu bukhrim-ezimhlophe neeperile pink.

ubuncwane baselwandle ezibalulekileyo iyasuswa emanzini kummandla:

• Madagascar;
• Umzantsi Melika;
• Philippines;
• Myanmar;
• iziqithi Pacific eziphantse.

Kuqhelekile?

Omnye kubavelisi ezininzi Gift zaselwandle kule mihla - Japan. Akumangalisi, kweli lizwe a amasimi ezimbalwa, kodwa abahlali owasungula iindlela eziliqela kwezindlela pearl zokuvuna.

Kukho iimeko ezizodwa esondele zendalo. Kule eyenziwe iinkqubo zasendle isici. Ekubeni kwiimeko ezinjalo neeperile eziveliswa ngendlela yemvelo, wayazisa kakhulu kunene.

iimpawu technical

Ncokola malunga nendlela neeperile akhiwa kule iqokobhe, kukho ifoto ethathiweyo kolwandle ngezityalo ezikhethekileyo ukulima.

Le amaso kubangela ukuba ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• yobulukhuni - Mohs 2.5-4.5;
• Density - 2,7 g / cm ^3.

kufuneka unyango kumphezulu olulodwa.

Pearl uphila enesiqingatha okanye kwiinkulungwane ezintathu. Ubude ethile ngokuxhomekeke imvelaphi. izinto eziphilayo emva kwamashumi ulahlekelwa ukufuma, ibangela umhombiso ngawe exfoliates, iinkqubo ukuthotywa uqale.

Ukuze neeperile baphila ixesha elide, oko kuyimfuneko ukuze ngenyameko:

• kufuneka igcinwe, kwindawo eyomileyo ifumile;
• sesichengeni engavumelekanga kwelanga;
• fogged akuhlanjwanga ngamanzi ityuwa;
• imiqondiso yokuqala yentshabalalo iEtere, potassium carbonate.

lokudela mihla

Nangona isibakala sokuba abantu kudala eyaziwa ngokuba perile amiliswe kwindalo, yaye kule mini kukho ezinye iinkolelo ezinxulumene nale nkqubo. Bona kakhulu kwi siqithi, abahlala ngeendleko ngezifo perile.

E Borneo, abantu bakholelwa ukuba isacholo lesithoba inomsebenzisi ekhethekileyo - ivelise ngokwabo. Ngoko ke abantu bendawo thatha isikhongozeli encinane, nto leyo isongiwe neeperile, ukuxuba kunye nerayisi - iinkozo ezimbini isipho zaselwandle ngamnye, uze elinde ubuncwane ziya kuba ngakumbi.

Neeperile ngobuchwepheshe

Ekubeni abantu yabona indlela neeperile akhiwa saselwandle esineqokobhe, kuba ikwazile ukwakha efektri ukulinywa ubuncwane zaselwandle. Ngoku nokulinywa amaso kuhlangana rhoqo.

Ukulinywa lwasungulwa 1896, kodwa ke inkqubo ngoko nangoko awodwa. Umbhali ingcamango - Japanese Kohiki Mikimoto. Ukwenza gem enkulu, umqambi weza ukubeka squid kwi bead iqokobhe, owasusa kwiminyaka embalwa sele ezintle iiperile abaqolileyo,, ezinkulu.

Ekubeni kufundwa neeperile zendalo wabumba ceba Ukrainian lunee ntlobo ezininzi nucleoside ngumntu. Noko ke, ebuhleni bayo, ukuba nanto kunye nokutya kwaselwandle. Njengoko umthetho, ngokusekelwe glasi, ezihonjiswe umgubo pearl okanye legqunyiwe ngomaleko ubhityileyo nacre. Ukuze uqonde ukuba yintoni na phambi kwakho, ubeke umfuniselo: ukumgibisela moya into ngamatye. pearl Natural yagqampa yaya eliphezulu kwaye ezifanayo ibhola, kwaye yokufakelwa - akukho.

Enye indlela yokuzahlula neyeeperile fake ukusuka kwimveliso Dlulisa zendalo emazinyweni. Ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba umphezulu isonka, yinto izinto zendalo. Kodwa Ukulinganisa industrial aya kuyichukumisa kakuhle ngokupheleleyo.

ineempawu ezinika umdla

Kukho kuphela enye phakathi ezimbiwa exabisekileyo, nguwuphi na phambili. Le - iperile yendalo. Njengoko perile yenziwe ichazwe ngasentla. Zibonisa yale nkqubo kunye neziphumo ubuhle ezinjalo, behanahanisa, isipho ulwandle wearable nangoko emva imveliso yawo.

Njengoko abembi zithi neeperile yaba izinto zokuqala elixabisekileyo, umntu ochaphazelekayo ngenxa yobuhle bayo.

Ukusetyenziswa pearl Chinese yasungulwa emakhulwini 42 eyadlulayo. Geni ubuncwane China kusetyenziswa:

• njengoko yegolide;
• njengemali;
• ukubonisa isimo ekuhlaleni.

Kungabi ngaphantsi ayaziswa neeperile eYiputa eMesopotamiya. Bethobela kumbiwa amaza elwandle ubuncwane Semiramis, Cleopatra. Legend yokuba ubuhle umYiputa bake noMark Antony, ukunyibilikisa iperile iwayini baza basela isiselo.

Enye isiganeko esibalulekileyo kwimbali lihlobene pearling hlobo. Xa Alexander Omkhulu wayesiya uthathe India, abacebisi bacebisa ukuba ukuqala ukusuka Socotra, eyaziwa ngaloo mihla, ukuveliswa izinto zaselwandle. Iqhawe enkulu yahlaselwa ubuhle perile, ingakumbi indibaniselwano omangalisayo imibala abamnyama, abamhlophe kunye ezipinki. Ukususela ngoko, waqala ukuqokelela imitya neyeeperile ukuba kungekudala bathimba kunye nezinye amanene kunye esisityebi. Le amkhanuke ukuqokelelwa gem akuthethi buthathaka kwaye namhlanje.

Neeperile, nababusi

Kuyi iiperile ezahlukeneyo kakhulu zendalo. Njengoko abunjwe (photo kufunxwa emanzini, ukuvumela ukuba kubona) enjalo osisityebi iintlobo izihombo enye kuphela uhlobo impahla eluhlaza? Imfihlelo kukuba uhlobo unika abantu iintlobo ezahlukeneyo amaso. Kukho uhlobo ngamazwe umahluko:

• ho;
• ovali;
• kwe-emise;
• ukulenza;
• ngeenxa zonke;
• semi-setyhula;
• teardrop ezimile;
• neeperile ngokwemilo engagunyaziswanga.

Ekubeni izipho elwandle zisoloko ezixabisa kakhulu kunene, ke ngokwamandulo kusetyenziswa ukuhombisa iilokhwe amanenekazi begazi. Ngokomzekelo, xa ubhaptizo Louis XIII kaMariya Medichi wayambethe phezulu ilokhwe ezihonjiswe neeperile 30,000.

Kodwa pearl omnyama abeLungu kuqala wabona kuphela kwinkulungwane XV. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa Hernando Cortes. Kwiinkulungwane kamva, siye sakwazi ukufumana imvelaphi yalo ntlobo kufuphi nonxweme North America, i-Gulf of California. ngenxa ubukhulu becala lo, yatyatyamba isixeko La Paz, unanamhla kucingwa embindini ngamazwe le-Black Pearl.

Kodwa Queen Elizabeth I kakhulu ingakumbi neeperile e China. Yena evethe imisonto ezininzi ngexesha elinye, kwaye zizonke ngeenxa kuphela entanyeni yomphathi ibonakala ukuya iwaka amaso anqabileyo.

umlawuli Spanish Philip II babe iperile ebizwa ngokuba "njengeyona." Waziwa ukuba iingcali ngexesha lethu. Igugu sidluliselwa isandla ngesandla. It balihlutha:

• UNapoleon III;
• Mary Tudor;
• Elizabeth Taylor.

Kwenziwa iinzame yokugqibela "njengeyona" iye yaba into ngundoqo obutofotofo izacholo, le bejewellery wadala "imaphu."

kwamagugu eyaziwa

Okukodwa ngemvelaphi neeperile into yokuba ezo amaso eliqela omnye kunqabile kakhulu. Ukuba abalobi ukukhipha ubuncwane elwandle, uvelisa yezigcawu phakathi nabalandeli. Omnye iiperile cishe, ezibandakanya ezininzi ngaxeshanye, ebizwa i "Great Southern Cross." It inamalungu asithoba.

Elinye igama elaziwa-kakuhle - "Palawan Nkosazana". Lasekwa ngo-squid yesilwanyana saselwandle esineqokobhe. Weight ubuncwane marine - 2.3 kg. Ubukhulu bepali bead mkhulu kwe-15 cm. Esi sipho zaselwandle labekwa phezulu ezithengiswayo njengenxenye Bonhams efandesini e Los Angeles, ezilungiselelwe yi-Museum of Natural History.

Kodwa igugu kuyabiza kakhulu - i "bukhosi". Uthi kubonakala ngathi iqanda kwaye kokhokho yintsapho Bonapartes. Imbali isixelela ukuba perile yathengwa bangumnikelo Marii Luizy, elisuke laba khona umfazi mlawuli elizayo kaThixo. Intengiselwano yagqitywa ngo-1811. Ke Wawa ebuncwaneni elwandle collection Faberge wagcinwa eSt Petersburg. Ngelo ifandesi ngo-2005 isacholo esihle Abathengiswa $ 2.5 million ukuya kumnini omtsha.

I inkulu geni kule umhlaba ezinzulwini ebuncwaneni ulwandle kuthiwa "Pearl of Allah". Indawo imvelaphi - kwiiPhilippines. Weight - 6,35 kg kwaye ububanzi of 23.8 cm Ixabiso -. 32.000 carats. Pearl wangena kule Guinness Book of Records.

iiperile yayo

Kuzo zonke iintlobo neyeeperile cultured kamva zonke zadalwa yi ngesiTahiti abamnyama. Kuba imveliso yawo bazibonise kwiishellfish Pinctada margaritifera. Namhlanje eveliswe yi ezi zinto ziphilayo ubutyebi omnyama - eyaziwayo kuphela look yemvelo. Naziphi na ezinye amaso - vali.

Faka neeperile isiTahiti - ukukhula ngokukhawuleza. Kwelinye icala, nje ipesenti encinane eziphila elwandle uyakwazi ukuyila i perile. jewel nganye iyodwa, eyahlukileyo kwabanye. Ubukhulu becala ngenxa yesi sizathu, ukuba iyathandwa imihombiso iiperile abamnyama isiTahiti, ngenxa yokuba inkqubo esebenza naye onzima kwaye kufuna elininzi ngobuchule, ixesha kunye nomgudu. Bejewellery khetha ezifanelekileyo ukuze perile nezamakhulu namawaka amaso, adalwe mbambela.