Boris Spassky: biography kunye nempumelelo

Phakathi inani elikhulu imidlalo kunye nokhuphiswano, apho kusasazwa rhoqo kumabonakude, inxalenye esinzima kwetheyibhile kuhlala. Omnye wabo chess. Baya rhoqo angene fashion, uze emva koko okwethutyana ulibale ngabo. Athandwa nguGrandmaster ihambisa ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwelinye. Phakathi abadlali abaninzi aneziphiwo wakhululwa Boris Spassky, ngexesha elifanelekileyo baba umdlali chess omncinane athi athatha inxaxheba kwitumente ngamazwe.

kwiminyaka yokuqala

Boris Spassky wazalwa ngo-1937, ngoJanuwari 30, eLeningrad. Esemncinane ebudeni bemfazwe umdlali elandelayo ethatyathwe isixeko waza wahlala kwikhaya labantwana nabanye abantwana abaninzi sihlangulwe zokungqinga. Ngeli xesha, ubomi seminyaka emihlanu of Boris wayeqhelene umdlalo kunye athimba ngayo.

Emva kwemfazwe, zonke evacuees wabuyela ekhaya, wayibuyisela ikhondo eqhelekileyo yobomi. Ngowe-1946 Spassky kwi isangqa chess kwi Leningrad Palace of Vulindlela kwakhokelela ngunina. Yonke imihla iminyaka emibini emva kokubuyela ekhaya umdlali chess abatsha ababandakanyeka kulo mdlalo waza wamema bonke izalamane ubambe iqela naye.

Kulo mbutho, nokuba i ongenamava Boris Spassky sele itsale ingqalelo lonke ngekhono layo kunye nobuchule kunye, ngaxeshanye, beneentloni, ukuba neentloni. Kodwa kweli xesha ebomini bakhe wagqiba ekubeni abe ngomnye wabadlali abaninzi abadumileyo ehlabathini.

kokuqala

Enye yezinto zokuqala Boris Vasilevich Spassky wabhala kwincwadi engobomi bakhe ethi, kukuba eselula, waba yinkosi ngamazwe. Ndajika kuye ke iminyaka eli-16 kuphela ubudala. bamrholela kwisihloko entsha ntshatsheli phakathi juniors iminyaka emibini yoqeqesho. Emva kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, Spassky waya kwikholeji kwiSebe Journalism. Kodwa waqhubeka ukuqeqesha rhoqo.

Xa wayeneminyaka eli-18, wathabatha indawo yesithathu kwitumente kazwelonke, kwaye oku wamnika ithuba lokuthatha inxaxheba Abaviwa Tournament, nto leyo eza kubanjwa kunyaka olandelayo. Ngenxa yoko, Boris Spassky waba lilungu cinci lobuntshatsheli ngelo xesha.

ubuntshatsheli

Wenza bt kwakhe Abaviwa Tournament, intshatsheli elizayo kule ndawo ekwabelwana ukususela nge-3 7 abadlali abadumileyo chess yelo xesha. Zonke iingcali ebizwa ukuba idabi enkulu yaye yaqikelela ngempumelelo elizayo.

Emva kweminyaka emininzi kwaye inani elikhulu ukoyiswa kunye uloyiso Spassky ngo-1969, wadibana kule tumente Tigran Petrosyan waza waphumelela isihloko. Isihloko Wawongwa umdlali chess wayenxibe iminyaka emi-3. Bob Fischer Boris Spassky ngo-1972 waba umdlalo, okubangela isihloko zigqithiswe kumnikazi omtsha.

imidlalo Famous

Iintelekiso ezininzi ezinamandla kunye abaziwayo ziquka ezo ezenzeka abaviwa tumente. Eyokuqala kwezi yaba umdlalo kunye Tigran Petrosian ngo-1966, nto leyo wahlulwa Spassky. Abahlalutyi bathi asanda GM waba zidla nabaselula. Emva kweminyaka 3 ekulweni isihloko utshaba efanayo afunyanwa yi hero yethu abanamanqaku ka 12.5: 10.5.

Bobby Fischer and Boris Spassky bahlanganisana Abaviwa Tournament ngo-1972. Umhla omiselwe American akazange eze, kwaye lo mdlalo nako ukuthatha indawo, kwaye babefuna icala eSoviet. Noko ke, indoda efuna undikho olawulayo benza kunye nene sakhe njengesiqhelo, kwaye nguMongameli lomdlalo imini Max Euwe lahlehliselwa. yonke Umdlalo senzeka kunye neengxaki, yaye nangona nebhetshi yokuqala neyesibini Spassky waphumelela, walahlekelwa edabini kunye nesihloko adluliswe Fischer.

Abantu abaninzi baye bathi ukuziphatha waseMelika ilungiselelwe ngokukodwa raffled ukuba disorient kumdlali welinye icala. Ukwala sigaba ngenxa kwindawo engalunganga kunye nebhetshi esilandelayo ngakumbi umba ongokusetyenziswa kwethekhinoloji omtsha umdlalo iziphumo tumente ekhumbulekayo, kwakunye amagama abadlali - bby Fischer kunye Boris Spassky. Ngubani ophumelele kwaye kwafuneka ukuba siphumelele, abaninzi bathi.

umqeqeshi

Umqeqeshi lokuqala lehlabathi Borisa Spasskogo waba Igor Bondarevskiy. Kwakungenxa iimfundiso zakhe noqeqesho ixesha elide ezingisayo yaqala ukubonakala iziphumo ezibonakalayo, kuye kwenzeka ukuba aye kufuna ubuntshatsheli. Kwakhona kwi iqela UNikolai Krogius, ngubani wancedisa xa ukulungiselela umdlalo kunye Tigran Petrosian.

Uphethe win kunye ubuntshatsheli, Spasskiy Boris - itshesi, leyo ngelo xesha wayesazi kwaye umenywe ukuba udliwano-ndlebe kunye zemidlalo iziganeko, baqala bachitha ixesha elingakanani kulo mdlalo. Emva kweminyaka emi-3, kuyimfuneko oko ukuqinisekisa isihloko, yaye oku lwandulelwe uqeqesho eyomeleleyo nengapheliyo.

Eli qela kuthethe mntu omtsha - nguGrandmaster Efim Geller. Old yintshatsheli Umqeqeshi Ekugqibeleni ke iyantlukwano eyomeleleyo, inkampani rhoqo waba ingxabano kunye neembambano. Bobby Fischer Boris Spassky zaye ziyahlangana kwi umdlalo kwisihloko. Xa elungiselela yakhe umdlali wechess kunye nomqeqeshi wakhe Igorya Bondarevskogo kwakukho nesizathu esinamandla, ngenxa apho yokugqibela bashiya.

Ngenxa yoko, ukulungiswa indoda efuna undikho elikhuselayo kulo mdlalo ibe buthathaka, kwaye nangona umdlalo onesidima, Boris Spassky woyiswa andabikho kwisihloko sakhe.

France

Emva ukoyiswa eziliqela, yaye kwamaphiko abadlali abatsha kwaye womelele omtsha Boris Vasilevich Spassky washiya mdlalo elikhulu, kodwa akazange anikezele into oyithandayo. Ngowe-1976, yaphathwa umtshato kunye Marinoy Scherbachevoy. Ukusukela ukuba inkosikazi yakhe wayesebenza umdlali chess kwi-French wommeli, intsapho yakowabo yafudukela eFransi. Nangona ukuhlala kude nekhaya, uMsindisi waya ukwenza kukhuphiswano ngamazwe ye-USSR.

Ngokuthe ngcembe chess waqala ukuhamba ngasendleleni, kwaye th 90 kunyaka nguGrandmaster alufane wabonakala phezu lemidlalo elikhulu. Boris Spassky, imbali izaliswe ibhodi inamandla lisekhona kunjalo ihlala umzekelo kubantu abaninzi. Yena aliyeki agcine imisebenzi lombutho, maxa wambi anike udliwano-ndlebe kunye nokudibana.

E France, uMsindisi wazalelwa unyana, ogama Boris, yaye kamva waya ekukhanyeni kunye nentombi.

Usapho uhlala kumazantsi eli lizwe.

Ngo-2010, indoda efuna undikho owayesakuba wahlaselwa sistroke ngenxa ngawo wavalelwa kulala ixesha elide.

Amazing

Ngo-2012, Boris Spassky weza eRashiya, apho waqhubeka unyango lwe kwimiphumo icala. Esi siganeko wawuxhokonxa uluntu. media abaninzi baye ebhaliweyo ukuba mdlali uye wabaleka wemka, ngenxa yokuba wanikwa unyango endilisekileyo, kunye nentsapho yakhe ingadibani kuluntu. Abanye wachaza ukubaleka senkqubo apho Spassky ukunceda umhlobo elide. Wamsa phandle endlwini nokundulula Russian Embassy.

GM uzama ukufumana ngokwakhe isifundo aze anike izimvo efa iimeko. In Russia moya unyana wakhe, kodwa umfazi wakhe Marina kunye Boris wayesiya mtshato. Kutshanje, yena uhlala ekhaya. Boris Jr., ngubani waya French Institute, ngoku abafunda e-igqwetha St. Petersburg.

anika umdla

Ngo-90 Boris Spassky Udlale ayenzelwe yaye akazange aye kwiziganeko emikhulu. Ngowe-1992, i-International Itshesi Association yabamba sisikhumbuzo kunye umdlalo umboniso phakathi Fischer kunye Spassky, kunye mali ibhaso $ 5 million. Ngokutsho iziphumo lo uphumeleleyo lafumana imali eninzi, kodwa abalahlekelwe ekhohlo ibhaso.

Umdlalo elide kodwa abanobubele, nto leyo ekhokelele kwakhona waba American wokuqala. Abaninzi abantu baye babonisa ukuba umdlalo wayengekho enasilela ngamandla kwiitumente mihla, kodwa zibonwa ngokucacileyo isikolo esidala. A lot ezitshintshileyo kwihlabathi wechess kunye kokufika kweekhompyutha.

Kwi imali iphumelele Boris Spassky uthenge izindlu ukuba izalamane nabahlobo babo. Le ndoda wayesoloko ububele, ukunyamezela kunye nengqondo evulekileyo.

Iminyaka emininzi, yena abahlobo kunye grandmasters edumileyo, nkqu nabo walahlekelwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo.