Battle of Lesnaya balwa

Idabi adumileyo Forest kwenzeka ngoSeptemba 28 (Oktobha 9, New Style), 1708. Kufunyenwe igama layo imbeko kwidolophana ekufutshane mihla kummandla Mogilev of Belarus. Endle yokulwa ejongene umzimba phantsi kweliso lika-Peter I nomkhosi Swedish Adam Lewenhaupt. Ngaba azuzeke yaseRussia, elathi ukuba ukuphuhlisa impumelelo phulo ngexesha Enkulu Northern War.

ngumba

Ngo-1708 i-Swedish uKumkani Karl XII wayeceba ukuba ahlasele kummandla Russia. Noko ke, injongo yakhe ilizwe lephondo intliziyo lizwe. Ngoko Karl wayethembe ukuvuthela kude inyathelo qhinga ngenxa yotshaba. Ngaphambi koko, amajoni Russian kangangeminyaka eliqela waphumelela aseBalti, nangona kunjalo, kwidabi lalingekafiki phakathi amagunya eziphambili.

King wafuna ukuhlanganisa yonke imikhosi yayo ekunene kwicala yokuhamba eRashiya. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, wayalela uAdam Lewenhaupt ukushiya Swedish Kurland kwaye bafike ngesantya uPhilip e Ukraine, apho uCharles wafumana kwaba kanye wanika isicwangciso kokungqingwa ESmolensk. iqembu jikelele kuquka abantu malunga 15 amawaka, leyo ingqalelo umkhosi enkulu. Carl ndithande ukubabuthela ndawonye onke inxalenye yayo Ukrainian ukondla amahashe umxhesho entsha kwaye ufumane inkxaso ebalulekileyo evela Cossacks, hetman ogama Mazepa eyeke ukuya balwa, kwaqala umsindo Peter I.

iqhinga Russian Tsar

Battle of Lesnaya kungenxa yokuba uPetros wagqiba ukugawula Levengaupt ukusuka ngukumkani kwakhe. Kunye, azaba lula umkhosi Russian. Kodwa ke ngabanye, ngalinye kula maqela mabini sisisulu kakhulu ukuba nethemba kwimpumelelo. UPetros wakhokela umkhosi, esinge jikelele. Against Carl Wathuma Marshal Boris Sheremetev.

Okokuqala uPetros lihamba ngendlela kwicala elingelilo, kuba walukuhlwa ngayo isikhokelo yakhe. Emva kokufunda malunga nendawo ikhoyo Lewenhaupt, wathumela amahashe nxamnye naye, leyo ngokukhawuleza kunye nomkhosi yeselula. Vanguard eli qela badibana kunye balwa ngomhla wama-25 kuSeptemba. Kuphela emva koko, uPetros wafunda ubungakanani ngokwenene utshaba umkhosi. Wayecinga ukuba oluchasene akukho abantu abangaphezulu kwama-8000. La manani kabili abaninzi.

Ngenxa yale zedabi Ihlathi eyayinokuphumela ukusilela ngokupheleleyo. Noko ke, uPetros ukuba bagqibe. Wayalela ukutshatyalaliswa phenyane kwisithili semfundo esikufuphi Sozh emlanjeni, ukuze ndinqumle kuyo iyindawo utshaba. Emva koko, abantu ukumkani balungiselela ukuba uhlaselo isigqibo.

Ukulungiselela ukulwa

Ngo September 28, zezindlu Swedish ukulungele ukuya umlambo encinane ebizwa ngokuba Lesyanka. iingxelo Intelligence ukuba Russian kufutshane kakhulu, ezingenakulinganiswa kodwa kubangele nokukhathazeka Lewenhaupt. Wayalela umkhosi ukuba lukwazi ukungena kwizikhundla zalo phezu eziphakamileyo, uzigcine kude kube lori yonke aziyi ukuwela umlambo.

Battle of Lesnaya balwa wasondela. Ngeli xesha umkhosi Russian bafudukela ecaleni ezityhutyhayo ehlathini kunye neendlela, wayethembe ukuba zifake utshaba engalindelanga. Noko ke, ngaphambi kokuba iqela ingxaki enkulu. Ukulungisa ukuhlasela balwa, ukuba kuyimfuneko ukwakha, njengoko umkhosi waphuma ehlathini kwi ekwanti kwaye bengakhuselekanga. UPetros wagqiba ukuphambukisa ingqalelo utshaba, wamthuma naye kubo Nevsky dragoon webutho, amakhulu amadoda anamandla. Ezi amajoni ukuba le balwa de kwamandla eyinhloko akakheki ecaleni kweenkuni.

ngqa

Ukulwa wamagazi. Abantu 600 babulawa, kanye isiqingatha. Kuliwee-Lesnaya. Balwa, ekubeni ndikholose ngayo impumelelo yayo, wagqiba ukuya kwi counter-ukuhlasela, kodwa ungayithandi Guard weza ukuhlangulwa Mihaila Golitsyna. umgca utshaba Advanced obo buthathaka, yaye lihambe liye kwindawo yokuqala, apho wayebambe, xa waqalisa ukunqumla nempahla esiwa kwelinye icala lomlambo kuphela.

Battle of Lesnaya, umhla apho isikhumbuzo imbali Russian singene kwisigaba esitsha. Ngoxa abalindi baqhubeka uhlaselo, kwindawo engundoqo ye uPetros eyakhelwe ecaleni iinkuni ngempumelelo. Xa iziko emi bake, yoTshintsho kunye Ingermanland regiments phantsi kobunkokheli uMikhail Golitsyn. nangegxalaba Ilungelo yayiba abakhwele, elikhokelwa uLieutenant-General Fridrih Gessen-Darmstadt. Ekhohlo gunner akulahle Yakov Bryus. Ulawulo jikelele ezandleni uPetros. Ekuqaleni engundoqo emfazweni (intsimbi) umkhosi Russian wababala amawaka-10 zabantu. Balwa aba ubuncinane eziliqela amakhulu abantu, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ukulingana phakathi bamelene.

Kwisiqingatha sesibini edabini

Le mpi yathatha iiyure phantse 6 kude kube sebusuku. Embindini lokulwa, ngegalelo layo zehla kancinci. amajoni Ndidikwe waphumla wamlinda ukusekelwa. Ukusekelwa bafika iiyure Peter 17. Yaba Jikelele Baur, bezise naye 4000th Dragoon Corps.

Night idabi kwilali Forest kuqaliswe ngokomeleleyo ukuba kuqale. I balwa zaye Undityhale emva ethwala zabo. Okwangoku, ngamava encinane kwamabutho iye bayicezele umlambo wabagawula Levengaupt uhambo lokugqibela ukuya kuyo iyindawo ngempumelelo. Nangona kunjalo, lo vanguard utshaba wathi ukuhlaselwa ngqindilili kunye ndakwazi ukuvala ibhulorho lokugqibela.

Zokudubula edabini kunye ukubhabha balwa

Kuba kube ngorhatya, uPetros wayalela ukuba phambili zokudubula, wawavulayo umlilo elinzima phezu yotshaba. Ngeli xesha nomkhosi otyhafileyo, owamahashe babuyela kwizikhundla zabo ukuze aphumle. Balwa Ukuhlaselwa nabo basabela ngokuthi adubule kunaso. imeko yabo sigxeke. Lewenhaupt ayikwazanga siphumele nazo zonke uloliwe nqwelo enkulu, nto leyo ukucola kakhulu phansi intshukumo-mkhosi.

Ngenxa yale zedabi Ihlathi 1708 yaphazamiseka ebusuku. Balwa bayishiya kwizikhundla ngasekhohlo kwilali ezininzi imithwalo yabo, ukuze utshaba nako nowafumana. Ukuze akhohlise inkampu Russian imililo umtshato, okwadala wenkohliso Levengaupt badla kwindawo enye. Ngelo xesha, ziququzelelwe kokurhoxa balwa baqalisa ukufumana umlinganiswa yokubhabha. amajoni abaninzi bamshiya nje, engafuni ukuba kwikhompyutha okanye ukufumana imbumbulu ebulalayo.

iimpazamo amacala

Esinye sezizathu ngokoyiswa yomkhosi Jikelele Lewenhaupt kaThixo usakhathazwa regiments zakhe. Xa kuthelekiswa amabutho Russian kwi abazange babe naziphi nabalindi. Ukongeza, inxalenye enkulu yomkhosi wayebunjwa mercenaries - i eFinland kunye nabantu bezinye iintlanga, leyo, enyanisweni, ngaba abafuni kufa ngenxa komdla amagunya asemzini.

Battle of Lesnaya, ixabiso kabani na ukulungisa iimpazamo elidlulileyo kunye nokusilela babonisa lo myalelo Russian. Umzekelo, zokudubula encinane ezithe zasetyenziswa kwesi edabini. Kamva le ngxaki yalungiswa, yaye Poltava nompu basekhaya ngakumbi ngqongqo bavele utshaba. Ziziphi nyaka Idabi kwi Lesnaya zenzeka, wayesazi ngoku wonke ummi Russia, kuba waye yena lowo wenza igalelo elivakalayo ukoyiswa yokugqibela balwa emfazweni elide.

inani

Kuphela inxalenye encinane angaphathi zininzi kude kube ka-General Lewenhaupt akakafiki ikomkhulu sokumkani wakhe. Battle of Lesnaya, apho umhla komngcwabo kwimbali yaseSweden, uCarl wemka ngaphandle ukusekelwa kunye Iimboniselo, baba nempahla elahlekileyo.

Kunjalo 9 kweenyanga, uPetros waphuka imbangi yakhe Poltava, nto leyo isiqalo esitsha Enkulu Northern War. Oku kwenzeka ukwazi kukhokelele ukumkani uburharha nehlekisayo. Wabiza imfazwe uloyiso Forest uMama e Poltava. Ukusuka kule ndawo ngendlela eyahlukileyo walwa War Northern. Ekugqibeleni Battle of Lesnaya kunye nempumelelo elandelayo umkhosi Russian mngquli balwa, yaye kwiminyaka embalwa kamva badlula ngaphandle kokuba isixeko uxhathiso emva omzi aseBalti (oko kukuthi, lo mmandla eyona njongo iphambili Peter).