Auriga - constellation kumntla ikhweyitha. Inkcazelo, inkwenkwezi ezikhanya

Ebusika, iinkwenkwezi zezulu ilayite ngaphambili kakhulu kunokuba ehlotyeni, ukuze banandiphe nje ngeenkwenkwezi kuphela kunye nabathandi chu kamva. A look at into! Bubuqaqawuli obubalaseleyo Orion liphakame ngaphezu kolundi, ekhatshwa Gemini kunye Taurus, yaye ecaleni kwabo nezibane Auriga - Constellation linembali ende kwaye inani elikhulu umdla. Ngoku kwi kumbindi ingqalelo yethu.

indawo

Auriga - constellation bright nebonakalayo kakhulu ngeliso lenyama. Xa uhlobo ngayo ifana ezitenxileyo pentagon. Esi sikhokelo kakhulu ukufumana eli nani yasezulwini i Big Dipper. Kancinane ekunene kunokuthi kubonwe itshatshazi ngokwanelisayo elikhanyayo. Le Alpha Auriga, Capella - inkwenkwezi leyo ungabona nemiqathango hayi kakuhle kakhulu. Uthi omnye eziphezulu kwe pentagon. Kancinane ukuya ekunene (empuma) loMthetho Chapel yi unxantathu encinane evuthelweyo akhiwa izikhanyiso ezintathu. Ezi iinkwenkwezi kunye esibhakabhakeni kunye nefom alpha Auriga asterism "neebhokhwe."

Mazinga unako ukukhonza kunye namanye amanani izikhakhamela. Auriga ise emantla Gemini ngasempumalanga komendo Perseus. Bukela lekroza kwilizwe lethu unga phantse unyaka wonke. Ngaphezu bonke kunina, liphuma ngoDisemba nangoJanuwari, yaye ngoJuni nangoJulayi, phezu koko, Auriga wabona embi ebusuku ukukhanya kunye nesikhundla ephantsi.

legend

umlaza Auriga inkwenkwezi kumaxesha amandulo, izazinzulu ezinxulumene kunye nabalinganiswa ezininzi. E eMesopotamiya, eli nani yasezulwini wabizwa ngokuba "egoso yomalusi" okanye "scimitar". Ayaziwa ke, nokuba sahlanganisa Chapel. EBhabhiloni, phantse zonke iinkwenkwezi eliqaqambileyo Auriga kwakhona ngamazinga kunye umalusi ebukele phezu iibhokhwe okanye iigusha. KumaBedou, babesithi iqela yezilwanyana. Auriga waba umhlambi ibhokhwe.

Ngeenkwenkwezi wamandulo, eli nani osemazulwini ingqalelo kwasekuqaleni ukuba ezinxulumene iibhokhwe amadlelo. Kamva, kwindawo engundoqo ye lekroza wazihlanganisa lomfo uqhuba inqwelo. Ngemihla Greece yamandulo, kunye Auriga waqhagamshelana nabalinganiswa eziliqela iintsomi. Amaninzi ukuba Erichthonius aseAtene, unyana Hephaestus kunye ophumelele baseAthene. Wayesithi wayila zeenqwelo kunye amavili amabini kunye namahashe ezine (imifanekiso). Njengoko umvuzo oku, kwakunye yenkonzo yokuzinikezela Athena, Erichthonius aseAthene wabekwa esibhakabhakeni yi kuZeyus. Kwaye kwakukho umlaza Auriga.

imikhondo elidlulileyo

Neentsomi of Greece yamandulo, kwaye phambi kokuba intshumayelo yakhe ushiye uphawu yayo kumfanekiso yemveli le uhlanjwa umlaza. Ngomhla iimephu zezulu ebusuku inokubonwa Aurigae wafana babantu, kubekwe phezu ngasemva yebhokhwe, kwelinye icala - amatakane amabini. Kumaxesha amandulo, nokuba babelwa umlaza eyahlukileyo yenkunzi leyo yebhokhwe, leyo correlates kunye wasentsomini Amalhteia, suckled kuZeyus. Capella awo, ε, ζ kunye η Aurigae. Le fom yokugqibela unxantathu ezincinane kakhulu, nto leyo inkwenkwezi aqaqambe ukuya ekunene mzobo.

Points of interest

Constellation kumntla ikhweyitha isibhakabhaka Auriga iquka "amanqaku" 150. Endaweni yayo eninzi inzala. Okokuqala, iinkwenkwezi: Capella (Alfa), Menkalinan (beta), kunye Al Anz Hedus (epsilon kunye zeta). Ukongeza, kukho kukho nebula langa IC 2149 kunye cluster Galaxy enkulu Mac 0717. Ngokusebenzisa zizibonakude okanye iteleskopu encinane kummandla wezulu kuhlala yi wenqwelo abone saa ezisebenzisanayo star M36, M37 kunye M38. Bona asuswe iplanethi yethu kumgama 4-4.5 amawaka ukukhanya-iminyaka.

Alfa umlaza

Ukuba ubuncinane kanye ukubona lo mzobo wasezulwini, umbuzo yona inkwenkwezi aqaqambe kwi umlaza Auriga, isigqibo ngokwayo. Capella lunomahluko kakuhle kwezinye "amanqaku" ngentla kwentloko. Kucingwa owesithandathu aqaqambe zezulu kwaye ibonakala ngokucacileyo naxa iimeko ezithandwa kakhulu ngokuqaphela.

Capella - star ne kubonakale ubukhulu 0.08. Yena kususiwe kwiminyaka ukukhanya 40 ukusuka elangeni. Kuba mkhanya ezisentlabathini ibukeka omthubi-orenji, ngenxa apho basoloko bexakaniseka Mars. Capella yinkqubo ngambini zeenkwenkwezi. Ecwebezelayo lokuqala kwaye idibanisa imizimba isithuba efanayo. Basonta inkwenkwezi etyheli kwaye idlule inkwenkwezi yethu amaxesha 10 ubukhulu. Umgama phakathi iperi macandelo yi ezimbini kuphela esithathwini ubude kwicandelo "Ilanga - Umhlaba".

Isigaba sesibini nkqubo yenziwe UDema ebomvu. Bona zisuswe iperi iinkwenkwezi ezityheli kwi kunyaka ukukhanya-. UDema Red zincinane kakhulu ngobukhulu kwaye kukhutshwe imali incinane lokukhanya.

beta Aurigae

Menkalinan - star, ezikhanya yesibini kulo mzobo wasezulwini. igama layo in Arabic lithetha "nomlenze lowo ubamba izintso." Beta Aurigae - zokusweleka inkqubo inkwenkwezi. Ezimbini yeencindi phantse twatse omnye komnye. inkwenkwezi nganye ku pair, ukhanya amaxesha 48 unamandla ngaphezu ilanga kwaye ulilungu subgiants eklasini. Umgama phakathi iziqalelo isibini zincinane kakhulu - 0.08 kuphela AU, nto leyo ilingana enye yesihlanu kwicandelo "Umhlaba - Sun". Eziba zombini izibini candelo hydrogen luvaliwe. Stars ukudlula nqanaba zazivelela xa ubungakanani kunye nokubengezela baqala ukwandisa ngenxa yeenkqubo ezintsha ibakho izibilini. A umgama encinane phakathi kweenxalenye kukhokelela deformation phantsi kwempembelelo imikhosi ngamaza amakhulu. Enye ngenxa yale yentsebenziswano - zonyango ungqamaniso kunye ngeenxa esqwini ujikelezo. Isiphumo uchazwa kakuhle into yokuba iinkwenkwezi ezimbini basoloko zijonge kwelinye icala elifanayo ngalunye.

Ilungu lesithathu inkqubo - kude ezincinanana ebomvu ukusuka kwisibini kumgama 330 AU. Ngeliso lenyama akunakwenzeka ukuba agcine Umhlaba.

Epsilon

Auriga - constellation lwento ubuncinane omnye elibamba rivet ingqalelo izazi ezininzi mihla. It epsilon indlela yasezulwini ukuba Almaaz amagama zemveli ( "ibhokhwe") kunye Al Anz (ixabiso ngqo ayaziwa). Eclipsing inkwenkwezi yokubini kwatsala ingqalelo ziingcali ezininzi ehlabathini lonke ngenxa imfihlelo njengenye yeekhomponenti. element eliqaqambileyo inkqubo Epsilon Aurigae - supergiant of ecacicleyo uhlobo F0. radius yayo elanga izihlandlo 100-200 ngaphezulu. nkwenkwezi likhanya kwi "ngaphambi" yinkwenkwezi yethu 40-60 amawaka amaxesha.

Icandelo lesibini ithathwa ibandakanya iklasi B. ecacicleyo Xa uncwadi kubhaliwe obizwa ngokuba "ezingabonakaliyo". Rhoqo emva kweminyaka 27, lithe labela wakukhombisa iintsuku 630-740 (malunga nama-2 iminyaka) inkwenkwezi eliqaqambileyo. Ibizwa ezingabonakaliyo kuba likhupha ukukhanya encinane kakhulu ukuba into enjalo, oko kukuthi, kunzima ukufunda. Kuye Kucetyiswa ukuba icandelo ebumnyameni yinkqubo kabini engqongwe idiski kwintsunguzi uthuli, okanye inkwenkwezi okanye umngxuma semitransparent emnyama. Izifundo zakutsha usebenzisa Spitzer lubonise ukuba, mhlawumbi, into ongaqondakaliyo - a inkwenkwezi iklasi B. Oku ejikelezwe yi enothuli disc, eyakhiwa amasuntswana enkulu kangangoko, Ufana ubukhulu luhlalu. Noko ke, ingongoma kulo mba okwangoku imisiwe, kwaye inkqubo iyaqhubeka ukufunda.

zeta

Enye binary eclipsing kulo mzobo wasezulwini - Zeta Aurigae. amagama ngembali iinkwenkwezi - kunye Hedus Sadatoni. Yena ke olo lwabonakala amaxesha 1,700 licace ngaphezu kwelanga. Le nkqubo iqulathe inamacandelo amabini. Lokuqala - i nyama--orenji ka ecacicleyo uhlobo K4. Okwesibini - inkwenkwezi omhlophe-blowu ukwakweli ngolandelelwano engundoqo yaye bobakhe B5 eklasini. 2,66 ngonyaka ngamnye, yena "zinyamalale 'ukuba norhatyazo ukuba ngakumbi, kodwa ngaphezu ubungakanani icandelwana. Kwelanga ukunciphisa ukugqama iyonke lokubonakala kwenkwenkwezi leyo malunga ne-15%.

Umgama avareji phakathi amacandelo nkqubo uthelekelelwa 4.2 unit ngeenkwenkwezi. Ukuba uphendule omise evuthelweyo.

Auriga - umlaza umdla uyiqwalasela ngaphandle izixhobo konke, nangenxa kophando olunzulu ngoncedo imishini yobuchwepheshe. izinto zakhe na onokumxelela iqashiso umdla kakhulu, ngoko izazi kulo lonke ihlabathi wathumela ngezibonakude zazo kubo.