Apho unyaka eSoviet Union iwa, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba

Ngaphambi kokuba siqwalasele izinto nyaka eSoviet Union iwa, makhe ngokufutshane uchaze izizathu ekuweni karhulumente yamagorha. Ngaba "ukufa" sakhe ecwangcisiweyo okanye yaba sisiphumo ukungafezeki ezifihlakeleyo nkqubo basekhaya angaphandle? Uninzi imimandla eSoviet Union bayifumana njengelifa tsarist eRashiya. Tsarism wayephila banqande umgaqo ngayo abamelwane yayo. Kubume bayo oyiswa imimandla - Poland, Finland, kumazwe eBaltic. Kamva, Finland kunye Poland wakwazi ukuba bahlukane, kodwa kule minyaka 1939-1946 eSoviet Union ukuba bazibandakanye phantsi kwesigwagwiso "iminqweno yabantu abasebenza izizwe emaqandeni 'kwimimandla zabo zomhlaba e Western Ukraine kunye Belarus, i aseBalti,-Peoples Republic of yaseTuva, Bessarabia kunye Northern Bukovina.

Kokuba kucingelwa ukuba zonke 'abasebenzi kwezizwana emaqandeni "babefuna ukufumana indlela nzima -ngomtsalane collectivization, kodwa ngenxa yokuba imikhosi centrifugal phakathi multi-kwibhoyila, ngokuba abantu Soviet, ukuba ubesoloko ekho. Kodwa apho kunyaka eSoviet Union iwa, yaye kutheni kwakunjalo ngoko, hayi, umzekelo, kwiminyaka engama-20 ngaphambili okanye kamva? Kungenzeka, ixesha lib elide "solution" uzibambileyo ndawonye-Eyesithandathu belizwe, yaba into kwezoqoqosho. Nangakumbi bachuma ngemva kwempi. Ngoko urhulumente waba intsimi enkulu Eurasia, uyayinikwa elwandle kunye nezibonelelo zendalo, ngokunjalo uqoqosho ezilawulwa ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxenye le "inkampu yali". Unakho ngokuqaphela ukuba imi--50-60 aba "Golden Age" USSR.

Nangona kunjalo, le meko ngo-1970. Ehlokomayo Ingxaki jikelele yawa amaxabiso oyile lawuzamazamisayo kuqoqosho oluzinzileyo kude kube ngoku, atyhile iziphene efihlakeleyo-nkqubo yezentlalo noqoqosho, nto leyo kamva ukuba ekuweni USSR. Umhla kokuwa ezisemthethweni zelizwe - 26 Disemba 1991 - ukuze yaba sisiphumo sifo kudala utsha. ulawulo karhulumente iye jikelele monstrously enye. Bonke ukuchaza "kwi yesicelo", kwiiseshoni plenary ye-Central Committee CPSU. monocentrism ngolo hlobo izigqibo kwakhokelela ukunganeliseki we-Federal Republic, leyo, ngasendleleni, waqeshwa eMoscow.

Uqoqosho ilusizi kakhulu. Ngaphezu koko, izixhobo ukwenziwa kweempahla bahamba amawaka yeekhilomitha (umqhaphu ikhule e Uzbekistan, waphathwa eSiberia, yahlanganisa kwi Ivanovo kunye neempahla zaye athungwe kwi aseBalti), kukwakho olubonisa ukusebenza kwesicwangciso lowo. Ezi zicwangciso kwenziwa yaye yavunywa yi kwabazana ezikude kunye neengxaki zemveliso nkqubo. Umsebenzi malunga nokuphunyezwa kwe kwisithuba seminyaka emihlanu-kwakhokelela ekwandeni kwimveliso impahla ezitshiphu kunye onganeno, kunye namaxabiso imveliso yolawulo loluntu ziya ekugqibeleni kukhokelela yokunqongophala. Ngoko ke, kungakhathaliseki nokuba yiSoviet Union folokohlo yintoni nyaka, ukunganeliseki kunye nobomi kwi "socialism kuphuhliswa" kuthechu ukwanda.

A Inani izazinzulu lezopolitiko ubanga ukuba urhulumente enamandla yahlulwa ibe ziingceba kuphela ngenxa yewayini nangenxa namaqhinga nkulu West, ingakumbi i-US. Mhlawumbi inyaniso oku, kukho oliqhophololo zenzeka. Kodwa cinga intsapho emanyeneyo, apho uxolo nothando ebusa. Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba kubangele amaqabane komtshato exelela omnye kwabo, umzekelo, kwelinye abantu entsapho ubomi ngcono? yokuhlolwa olungqongqo, ikhuselo intsimbi, ingcinezelo kakhulu kombono banda kuphela imikhosi centrifugal eluntwini. Ilizwe yasungula enomjukujelwa kuko wathumela uncedo ku Afrika Cuba, kodwa ngaxeshanye ngabemi abalambileyo belizwe enkulu akwazi ukuthenga ipakethi ibhotolo. Akukhathaliseki ukuba unyaka eSoviet Union iwa ngokupheleleyo, kubalulekile ukuba waqalisa ukwaphula phantsi ekupheleni '70s.

Imfazwe e Afghanistan, umgaqo bubugwala obabangela amagunya abo ngokuzama ukugqiba loo ngozi iChernobyl amandla enyukliya, yagqitywa nje inkqubo. A sondo ngemilenze udongwe inciphisiwe. Uhlengahlengiso yaqala kakhulu emva kwexesha kwaye ayikwazanga kuthintela le kuwa. Enyanisweni, ngoDisemba 1991, xa eSoviet Union iwa, ilizwe omnye akakho, yaye kwakukho ummandla 15 sichitha ephikisanayo yayo kunye neengxaki.