Amathambo lesiquluba Human. Small kunye lesiquluba

Ntoni abancinane lesiquluba? Uphi na ngamnye kubo? Njani na eziwafaka?

I (lesiquluba) ithambo yokuqala iqhele medially.

Ubunzima umzimba luyasuka kwindawo yenkxaso ye nkqo (mechanical) lonke umlenze axis. Lesiquluba ithambo eqhagamshelwe ethangeni nge entlanganweni emadolweni. omzimba Lower axis nkqo udlula embindini welungu edolweni ukuya embindini entlanganweni neqatha. Lesiquluba umlenze ithwala ubunzima lomzimba, nto leyo ekhokelela ukuba kakhulu (xa kuthelekiswa ne elincinane) ubukhulu.

Maxa wambi kukho ukutenxa ecaleni osecaleni okanye medial, obuquka utshintsho engile phakathi lesiquluba kunye yifemur. Xa libizwa ngamandla ecaleni kwe waphawula "X-Y" okanye "O-ezimile" uhlobo emilenzeni.

Le epiphysis (edge proximal) Iifomu ezimbini (osecaleni medial) condyle. Ngesibheno kwicala hip i abanayo slabovognutye iqonga joint osebenza umsebenzi kokuxhuma. Ukwahlulwa imiphezulu articular le condyles indawo eyenziwa zinamaqhina ezimbini. Isiphelo ngaphambili nangesemva ye ekuphakameni na umngxuma elinye elincinane. Imiphezulu namalungu ezingqonge ngohlangothi anquma (umkhondo sokuthimba le philisi joint). Umphezulu ngaphambili ithambo ziingqikelelo omkhulu uPienaar - isiza imicu yofakelo (njenge ngedolo-lungu) quadriceps. isabelo Posterolateral le condyle osecaleni ubandakanya kumphezulu encinane tyaba (attachment indawo intloko ithambo lesiquluba). Umzimba iquka ngaphambili, ubuso osecaleni medial phakathi kuyo utywala ngomva, medial kunye nomphezulu lateral. Ngelo xesha linye (ngaphambili) ubuso sharpest kunye umphezulu medial ngokucacileyo ukuba wavakalelwa ngesikhumba. Kwicala medial lesiphelo esezantsi distal (epiphysis) iye inkqubo eyomeleleyo (malleolus medial), emva apho umsantsa uthe tyaba. Enyeleni zisecaleni isiphelo distal uyagawulwa, apho izibandakanya engephi kwaye lesiquluba. Utshintsho apha naphaya ukuze ezinyaweni abut skeleton akolu kumda ongezantsi.

Le yesibini (ezincinane, ezingcakacileyo, elide, kunye iziphelo eqinileyo) ifumaneka kwi lesiquluba lesiquluba yokuxazulula. I (phezulu) intloko proximal neefomu epiphysis. Ngu bungqukuva kumphezulu tyaba ngokudibeneyo nemelene ngokoqobo ithambo tibial condyle. intloko Upper - Buze osendaweni noko posteriorly yokuxazulula kulo komhlaba. Triquetrum ukumila ngandlel ejijekileyo ngaphesheya esqwini longitudinal. I distal (ngaphantsi) epiphysis into eqinileyo kwaye yenza a osecaleni (umgangatho ogudileyo ezidibeneyo) of the neqatha.

Ukophuka condyles (umonakalo intraarticular) of the lesiquluba.

Ludla kwenzeka umzantsi womlenze ongaphakathi ukutenxa okanye ngaphandle, okanye ngexesha lokuwa ngemilenze tye. Ukwahlula condyle lwangaphakathi nolwangaphandle zaphuka. umonakalo intra-articular usenokuphelekwa umonakalo izixhobo lungu kwi edolweni, meniscus, ingqongqo intercondylar, intloko bone lesiquluba njalo njalo.

Kwamathambo zihamba kukwanda ivolyum edibeneyo, kunye nomlenze ibheke kancinci. A ecaleni ngapandle drumsticks (ukuba yonakele condyle elingaphandle) okanye ngaphakathi (ukuba yonakele condyle lwangaphakathi). Kule condyles nenkalo ezinqamlezayo linyuke kakhulu. Kukho kwakhona ukunqongophala iintshukumo esebenzayo edibeneyo, kubandakanywa nokungakwazi ukukhulisa unyawo kwi imeko ayinakolulwa. Xa ubukele iintshukumo kukho intlungu elibukhali. Kwezinye iimeko umonakalo sikhatshwa umonakalo condyle fibular entanyeni ithambo engaphandle okanye intloko. Isenokuba sigcinwe umonakalo luvo into eshiyekileyo ifunyanwa ngawo umthetho ubuntununtunu kunye umsebenzi lwemoto senyawo.