"Amasiko ingcamango ungquzulwano lwentlalo" (Ralf Dahrendorf). Njengoko umbhali ihlola ithuba ingxabano?

"Olilizwe apho kukho akukho ngquzulwano, ngeke nokuthotywa." Esi sikhundla ithathwe Ralf Dahrendorf - eyaziwa kwabantu German-British. Wayekholelwa ukuba ukungabikho ungquzulwano - oko kuchasene kuphuhliso eziqhelekileyo zikarhulumente kuluntu, waza wabhala ngaye "Elements of thiyori ungquzulwano lwentlalo." Njengoko umbhali ihlola ithuba lolawulo impixano, zama ukufumana phandle khona ngoku.

ungquzulwano

Ngokutsho iimfundiso Dahrendorf, uluntu - inkqubo sikwimo yotshintsho rhoqo ngenxa ubudlelwane ezingquzulanayo kwamaqela asekuhlaleni. Xa umsebenzi wakhe 'Elements kwengcamango ungquzulwano lwentlalo, "ISAZINZULU ingqina imfundiso Marx ukuba zonke izinto ezingangqinelaniyo phakathi kwiiklasi. Nge ulungiso enye kuphela: ukuba ungquzulwano ngaphambili ngokusekelwe postulates zoqoqosho, ngoku umalunga ilungelo lobunini kunye ngaphantsi.

Dahrendorf phezu ukuvela ungquzulwano lwentlalo kunikelwa ngamanqanaba amathathu:

1. Ukuvela nemvelaphi kobude. Oko kukuthi, kukho izinto ezithi zichasene. Bahlala zingaphawulwa ngokucacileyo, ukuze kuthiwe ezifihliweyo (efukamileyo), kodwa ke ngelo xesha, kukho amaqela amancinane ukuba ukhetha endaweni ethile.
2. Awareness. Kweli nqanaba, amalungu eqela banolwazi ezixhasa iinjongo ezahlukeneyo.
3. Ingxabano. A wengxabano ngqo amaqela alwayo.

Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba ungquzulwano iya kuvela kuhlala kuluntu, kodwa aninako ukukhwela le nkqubo. UmMiselo kongquzulwano zentlalo kufuneka uthathe indawo yonke ingxenye yoluntu.

iintlobo zongquzulwano

Ngaphambi kokuba sifunde indlela umbhali ihlola ithuba lolawulo impixano, kuyimfuneko ukuba Stock up on inkcazelo malunga nokuba siyintoni lwenza ukuba angaba.

Dahrendorf uthi ungquzulwano kufuneka ozakuthathwa isikali yobundlobongela apho elinye icala ngokukhusela isikhundla lwayo esichengeni ubomi, yaye kwelinye - ukungavisisani kwenzeka ngendlela iintetho, oko kukuthi, ngokuvisisana nemilinganiselo yokuziphatha. Phakathi kwezi "amanqaku" kubonakala iintlobo ugalelwe zongquzulwano, ezifana uqhankqalazo, uliyalele, ukhuphiswano kunye D. njalo njalo. Le ukwanda impi umlinganiselo ngqo nomba ezibalulekileyo ngenxa nxaxheba.

Umzekelo, ukuba iqela lebhola ekhatywayo ngokukhetha intloko yembambano, ngokuthe ngcembe ajike abe ukulwa, ngoko ke akuyi waqonda njengoko yondele njengoko ukwehlisa umvuzo kwi kwishishini.

Le nto ingenziwa

Sekunjalo, umbhali ivavanye ithuba ingxabano? Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka kulo mba, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba Dahrendorf akuthethi ukucebisa ukusebenzisa ngokusombulula iimbambano ingcinezelo, ukuphawula kwawo yayo.

Ngokutsho indlela bazama ukuba iphelise imbambano, njengoko "amabi, 'uba. Kwaye ngoko xa kukuvela iindlela ezingenabundlobongela zokusombulula ingxabano kudlula ixesha. Nokupheliswa ungquzulwano ayikwazi ingasetyenziswa ixesha elide. Kungenjalo, iziphumo ziya kuba engalindelekanga.

Enye iintlobo le kwezithandani kwembambano - inkqubo ukurhoxiswa. Oko kukuthi, xa kuqaliswa umthetho, imimiselo yangaphakathi kwi nkampani, njalo njalo. D. Yiloo nje ungquzulwano loluntu kupheliswa ngokupheleleyo.

uthintelo Regulation kunye nongquzulwano

Ummiselo kuthetha ukulawula phezu Dynamics yongquzulwano ukuhla yayo ngcembe. Ukubanjwa ngempumelelo ummiselo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Awareness. Ngalinye amaqela ungquzulwano, kwakunye njengombukeli wangaphandle kufuneka siqonde nobangela yembambano.
• ZeziFundo. Eqonda unobangela imfuneko ukugxininisa engundoqo isihloko kwembambano kunye ukusombulula le ngxaki (kwiimeko ezinzima, zama ukunciphisa kancinane izinga nenkcaso).
• Manifesto. Ukujongana imizimba ezizodwa kunye nemibutho ukuba amaqela ezingquzulanayo kunye isicelo esifuna ukuxolelana.
• "Imithetho yomdlalo." Kuyimfuneko ukuba kukhuselwe kwisivumelwano-nxaxheba kwi ngokusekwa 'imithetho yomdlalo ", ngokutsho apho baya kuba nako ukusombulula le ngxaki.

Imithetho kunye nemithetho kufuneka alinganayo kubo bonke. Ngoko ke, esebenzisa i "imithetho yomdlalo", Dahrendorf inikeza iindlela ezininzi zokusombulula ingxabano:

1. Uthetha-thethwano. Oku kubandakanya ukudalwa umzimba okanye umbutho apho amaqela engquzulanayo kuba nako ukuhlangabezana kunye nendlela oluphucukileyo ukulwela kwizikhundla zabo. Ukwenza izigqibo yaye liya kuba nevoti ethandwayo.
2. Unozakuzaku. Le ndlela ilula: ukutsala iqela lesithathu akanamdla ukunceda ukusombulula ingxabano.
3. Ulamlo. Le meko iyafana naleyo zomlamli, kodwa kulo mzekelo, isisombululo yomntu wesithathu inyanzelekile.

Xa sicinga ngendlela umbhali ivavanye ithuba olawula impixano, siya kuza izigqibo zilandelayo: ungquzulwano uthathwa ukuba amandla kwenziwe utshintsho, apho kufuneka babe umlinganiswa ziintlekele zendalo, ngoko kukho imfuneko isisombululo sayo.