Newton Law First

Inani elikhulu obafunyanwa entsimini of physics zazenziwe kumakhulu eminyaka eyadlulayo, ngokumangalisayo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa Ukufaneleka unanamhla. Ke ukuba isikhundla ezinto kunye physics quantum kuqhutyekwa yongezwe, njengoko kwenza amacandelo zenzululwazi - ukuphuhlisa, ubucukubhede akungekwazeki ukuba ubone into entsha.

Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba ubuchwephetshe bokuba indlela icandelo physics yahlulahlulwe nemiba kunye yeefom. Kulo mzekelo, i yeefom uchaza uhlola intshukumo ngokwawo, kunye nemiba - kubangelwa.

Iinkolelo ezisisiseko echaza izizathu ukuvela kunye nokuqhubekeka lwentshukumo, unanamhla zithathwa imithetho nemiba Newtonian, ogama igalelo kuphuhliso kweli sebe of physics kunzima ukuba zazi. Yaba nguye lowo waqalisa amagama afana "ubunzima," "inertia", "ixesha" kunye nabanye abaninzi. Noko ke, eyona idumileyo Isaak Nyuton ngenxa yemithetho evumela ukuba bachaze intshukumo kunye nemigaqo yentsebenziswano lwemizimba.

Enye imithetho yayo esisiseko ubizwa ngokuba ngumthetho inertia, okanye wokuqala umthetho Newton. Kuqulunqo uthi ubukho yayo loo izakhelo reference, apho umzimba Velocity isalamane kuhlala rhoqo yaye akatshintshi, ukuba oku alunasiphumo kwi kwezinye emasimini okanye emzimbeni. Kule izigqibo ezimbini singa zotywa: kuqala, ukuze ukutshintsha isikhokelo umzimba ukuze itshintshe kwindawo yayo yonke, kodwa kunjalo, ukuba ugcina indawo yayo, kufuneka isicelo umkhosi. Ngokwaso iglasi etafileni akazange eze kulo: kuyimfuneko mhlawumbi ukuthatha okanye atyhale okanye uyihlukuhle itafile. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kokuba sesichengeni olongezelelweyo glasi emi phezu kwetafile kuya kuqhubeka yayo isindululo rectilinear ngesantya esingaguqukiyo. Kutheni? Emva kokuba yonke kuluncedo?

Apha siza kufutshane terminal yesibini, nto leyo evumela ukuba umthetho wokuqala Newton. Umzimba inye ibe ngexesha elinye intshukumo kwaye ihlala ukuphumla. Umbuzo kuphela oko isakhelo of reference ukuqwalasela oku okanye imeko yakhe. Umzekelo okufanayo iglasi: iglasi xa kuthelekiswa etafileni kubalulekile umile okhangeleka kumbukeli - ngokunjalo. Ngokubanzi, ngokuphathelele nakwesiphi na isakhelo of reference enxulumene nomhlaba, iglasi uya lube sisigxina kulo mzekelo. Nangona kunjalo ukwandisa engile ngayo ngokunxulumene neentaka eziphaphazelayo phezu iglasi, iza kuqhubeka ukusuka kumgca othe ngqo ngesantya of ngentshukumo zoMhlaba. A intaka, ukuthetha ngokuthe ngqo, imeko flight asisiso inkqubo emhlabeni reference. Ngakumbi imeko ethile, kodwa ngokucacileyo ngakumbi: intshukumo iglasi ngokuphathelele Jupiter. Glass Jupiter isakhelo reference isihlobo ihamba ngenxa It ihamba ngesantya Yomhlaba. Yaye kwinkqubo yakhe isakhelo zokubhala.

output Scientific ekuvumela ukuba umthetho wokuqala Newton, imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: sisakhiwo ireferensi ngokuphathelele ngawo umzimba kungekho iimpembelelo yangaphandle ihamba ngokufanayo, ebizwa izakhelo reference inertial. Kulo meko ichazwe ngentla, inkqubo reference inertial ukuba indebe kuya kubakho itafile. Noko ke, yena phantsi, umgangatho - apha endlwini, indlu - ehlabathini. Xa sithetha nje ngokubanzi, bonke yesakhelo reference ezinxulumene Umhlaba, uthathwa ukuba inertial. Kukho, nakuba kunjalo, a ukuphika encinane: ngenxa yokuba i-Earth lijikeleza phezu axis yayo, ngokupheleleyo umthetho wokuqala Newton ayinakuphunyezwa. umzimba eziwayo, ukuthetha ngokuthe ngqo, Ongathanga awe nkqo (isikhokelo nentshukumo yayo ayingqinelani kumgca othe ngqo), kunye unxaxho kancinane ukuya ngasempuma. Noko ke, "ezinxaxhileyo" loo physics mihla abantu abakwamkelayo engahoywanga ukuba lula izibalo.

Ndakuqonda konke oku kungasentla, kulula ukuqonda ingxelo ukuba yonke into eshukumayo yaye yonke into isalamane. Yokuphumula urhulumente akuthethi ukungabikho intshukumo, kunye nezinye indlela ngeenxa - linear motion uniform ngesantya esingaguqukiyo.