"Amanqaku a Hunter" Turgenev: luginyo of umxholo

Namhlanje wonke umntu ofundileyo uqhelene yingqokelela yamabali amafutshane nezincoko, "Amanqaku a Hunter" Turgenev. Ushwankathe- kubo, ke, nganye ibonisa indlela yaso. Omnye umfundi ngakumbi zingamanzi enzonzobila intsomi ubulumko ngokupheleleyo kwi "Choir and Kalinych"; enye - lemifanekiso lwenza bufutshane "Bezhin amadlelo"; lo wesithathu Ayinakugcina into nokuzidibanisa njengoko amaso, ibali emva ibali, ezama ukuba zifake undoqo nganye. Kweli nqaku siza kuzama ukuqwalasela oko ingcamango uvakalisa ethi "Amanqaku a Hunter". Turgenev njenge umbhali - kuba yoyilo, ngoko nceda musa ukuthatha izigqibo nqaku, njengoko ngokoluvo kuphela kunokwenzeka, kwaye ngokufunda incwadi, bakhuphe isigwebo. "Amanqaku a Hunter" zibhekisela ezakudala ekufuneka ifundwe kwakhona, ukuba baphawule abangasekhoyo ezintsha.

imibono Social imisebenzi

Khumbula ukuba izimvo zoluntu ziquka "Amanqaku a Hunter" Turgenev. Isishwankathelo ingqokelela ingavezwa elinye kwisivakalisi: iyonke, nokunikezela kunye ezahlukeneyo mini-amabali, umfanekiso wobomi babantu Russian. Serfdom yaba eziyimiqobo ecacileyo phambili kuphuhliso Russia. Ngaphezu koko, isiseko ukulondoloza le fomu yobukhoboka semthethweni wakhonza njengoko ukuqonda oko nabalimi Russian. "Ngexesha lobukhoboka" ngokuphandle kokubonakalayo inkxaso nemisinga ezimbini yezopolitiko. Okokuqala, sithetha kwizikhundla populist loohlohlesakhe enkulu (zombini - indawo esemthethweni Ngenxa abasemagunyeni). Yena liguqulelwe umbuzo kwingcingane lo moya, nibe liqhayiya lam ukuba abanini - zooyise, kunye nabalimi - abantwana. Ngako oko, ukunqongophala amalungelo abalimi "ukugubungela" nobunye ubudlelwane. Ingongoma yesibini lwembono kubonakaliswa-ebizwa ngokuba populists. Abo hayali naluphi na utshintsho baseRashiya ukususela ngexesha Peter I, idealizing pre-Petrine, Rus izinduna. Zombini imibono ubuxoki, kwaba intetho enyulu, esa ingqalelo loluntu ukusuka kakuhle eli phephancwadi.

isishwankathelo

Kubonakala, wabhala "Amanqaku a Hunter" lyric-Turgenev. Isishwankathelo ncwadi, ngokusekelwe kwisihloko, kufuneka ibe kakhulu banal: umbono Orel mhlaba, abathandi indalo, ngathi kuzingela. Yintoni kungaba lula? Uyile zokuzingela axhonywe isikhonkwane. Ndathatha ipeni wabhala enye "ingxelo emfutshane". Kodwa akukho! Umsebenzi equka 25, kubonakala; ngokupheleleyo iindawo ezahlukeneyo, a monolithic, enikela umboniso ecacileyo neyinyaniso of Russian ezidume phakathi kwinkulungwane XIX. Lo - enye yeencwadi imincili nezengqikelelo kwi umlimi Russian. Kubhaliwe ngobuciko, ukuze kamva wayeza kubizwa ngokuba inzala yesimbo Turgenev kaThixo "imibongo e iprozi."

Ibali "Polecat kunye Kalinych" ubalisa ibali ezimbini abahlobo-ezinqabeni yangasemva Sasungulwa. Ixabiso kukuba na abalinganiswa ngokwenene. Zasemaphandleni indawo Horevka Ulyanovsky ukulungela indawo banabileyo imele polecat Farm. Bobabini - hayi "kucocwe" abalimi, zombini - ubuntu eqaqambileyo, njengoko ubukrelekrele - kunene umgangatho "inkosi" yayo, umnini-mhlaba Polutykin. Polecat - umququzeleli olungisa izinto kunye osebenza nzima. Yena noonyana bakhe abathandathu, kunye neentsapho zabo bomelele, ifama inzuzo. Xa oku Polecat lihlala newonga serf, izindululo aloluhlobo Polutykin - Ukuthengwa, ecinga ukuba inkunkuma engcolileyo imali, uhlawule iirenti yabo entsha ngesiqingatha. Kalinych - indoda zokomoya ophezulu kunye ubuhlobo kwimvelo. Yena - oncedisayo yokuqala Polutykin ekuzingeleni fun. Kodwa asiyiyo loo nto iphambili kuwo. Uyaziqonda uhlobo. Lulamile ihashe eyakha, thetha intlungu, ukunqanda iinyosi elugcwabevu - elo Kalinych eyomeleleyo. Yiyo le bali uphikisa imboniselo yongxowankulu kwaye populists kwi nabalimi Russian "Amanqaku a Hunter" Turgenev. Ushwankathe- "polecat kunye Kalinych" amabango, njengoko kuthelekiswa Populists, ukuba abantu Russian ningoyiki zotshintsho, aye kubo, ukuba ubona ngengqiqo bobuqili. indawo yamaphephandaba i "abaqeshisi zooyise" echasene bonke umxholo webali: umlimi ezimbini kakhulu ezikrelekrele, nzulu kunye nomdla ngakumbi kunenkosi yakhe, Polutykin.

Ibali "Bezhin Meadow" esazisa kusinika ezimela entlango, abahambi mhlaba-elinamandla abakhululekileyo nabangamakhoboka boyish. Abantwana kwalusa amahashe ebusuku, baphumle ngomlilo, ukuthetha. Emilonyeni yazo badidekile fiction nenyani, emathafeni ubuhle - kunye kwimbono yobomi. Lomculi we ilizwi, Turgenev uziveza picture yokwenene, bufutshane yaye Uninvented. Nabani na ufunda ibali, uyafana ebuntwaneni bam, kokufuduselwa, zibe zifana namahashe kwi emathafeni.

Umthamo eliqingqiweyo lexi, hi nga n'wi boxa kuphela namanye amabali ezimbalwa. Le ubukrakra kunye intlungu nesandi emlonyeni Vlas oneminyaka eli-50 ubudala, owathi walahlekelwa ngunyana wakhe, abancedisi ekhaya ( "amanzi Brusnichnaya"). Le gentleman akazange ayahlukanga nobubanzi umphefumlo, hayi sympathized kuphela naye, kodwa wala ukuba kuthoba iirenti, kunye nesikhundla Vlas waba lithemba ngokubanzi. Ebalini "Ermolai and Miller" sifunda ngobomi nzima Miller Arina, abathanda Petrushka ngokoqobo "bamoya" mhlaba irascible Zverkov umkhonzi. Waphucula abasebenzi wakhe okhulelweyo, unxibe amadlavu waza wathumela elalini. Ukuxhalaba igcwele umbhali webali "iitephu." isihloko kweli bali zombini intsingiselo ngqo kunye yokomfuziselo. Bathi xa entlango kume phezu indlebe yakhe, bayibeka emhlabeni, uyakwazi ukuva sondeza okanye ngaphandle abakhweli. Cac Hunter, ekhwele tarantas Tula for Filofeem iqhezu kunye umqhubi uva isandi. Kungekudala waxwilwa, uvimba endleleni, beyithwele ngenqwelo azotywe amathathu. Nqwelo obusa nde, igorha, ababenaye namanye amadoda amathandathu, bonke - enxilile. Bacela ukuba imali. Ukwamkela - ekhohlo. Thamsanqa ubuyeleyo intlanganiso umnikazi nabaphangi, kodwa kamsinya, njengoko oko kungqinwa ibali, phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo entlango, wabulawa kumaKanan.

Nganye amabali 25 yenza ezincinane yayo, umthunzi xa yonke indlela adalwe ngayo ubomi yesizwe "Amanqaku a Hunter". Lo mfanekiso kanti. Kuba ubuhle bendalo, kunye nabalinganiswa Russian olijonga ukuphikisana zentlalo ezicacileyo yacaca gca. yonke Ingongoma lokuqokelelwa kuyehla imfuneko kakhulu engxamisekileyo utshintsho ebanzi urhulumente lizwe.

isiphelo

Isimanga, abalweli hayi futhi engumlawuli weengoma Turgenev wajika lo mbuzo, njengoko besithi, "kunye iinyawo intloko." Le ncwadi sifanelekile, abafundi bayo baye bamthanda. Turgenev ngokwakhe ikhumbula episode ndadibana naye kwisikhululo sikaloliwe, namatakane amadoda-nje amazwi ombulelo kulo lonke eRashiya waqubuda ukususela esinqeni.

Ngoko nangoko emva wayebhalela udidi ziyahlonelwa mayithwalelwe Chernyshevsky, Herzen. Kunzima ukuba zazi indima edlalwe ukupheliswa serfdom, "Amanqaku a Hunter" Turgenev. Ushwankathe- kwabo eliqhelekileyo kubantu abaninzi, kodwa into yokuba le ncwadi wayengomnye yintandane * uKhesare Alexander II, i uMkhululi, mbali zibonisa.