Interesting izibakala nobomi Turgenev. ubomi iminyaka Turgenev bakhe

Yintoni na imvelaphi yoncwadi okanye nayiphi na enye na? Zeziphi ezi mpembelelo zamandla okuqhuba Yenza artist ntoni? Ngokutsho imithetho dialectics, imikhosi ezinjalo zonke iintlobo ephikisanayo, ngokufuthi efihliweyo ezinzulwini zenkqubo. Siye sijonge ukuba umbhali ngakumbi ezaziwayo-kakuhle kwikharityhulam yesikolo. Ziziphi ezinye iinyani ezinika umdla nobomi Turgenev siyakwazi ukufumana?

Yintoni esiyaziyo umbhali "Mumu" yaye "I Noble Nest"?

Ubuchule Ivana Sergeevicha Turgeneva yinxalenye yelifa lakudala uncwadi Russian kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba. iincwadi zakhe kuqhubeka inefuthe iingqondo zabantu IsiRashiya ukuba kwinkulungwane yesibini. iimbono zombhali kuqhubeka echaphazelekayo, yaye yayo imifanekiso obugcisa bangalahlekelwa imizwa yabo ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini ananye. A iinyaniso ziphikisana yobomi Turgenev kwatsala ingqalelo kuphela abaphandi yomsebenzi wakhe, kodwa abafundi eziqhelekileyo lamabali akhe neenoveli. Kwaye kubomi yombhali ibe ezininzi iziganeko umdla kunye neemeko zinokuphikiswa.

izibakala oluchaza

Ukuba zichaza ngokufutshane ubomi Turgenev, owokuqala ebeganga neliso ilandelayo imeko engaqhelekanga - ngayo yonke intliziyo yam ababethanda uhlobo umbhali Russian akhetha ukuchitha iminyaka yobomi bakhe kangangoko kunokwenzeka Russia. Mhlawumbi kuye evela kude kube lula ukubhala iinkcazelo ende lwamahlathi Russian, amasimi, iilali namanene? Inspiration - into akulinikwanga ... kodwa ngokwenyani yonke into prosaic kakhulu ngakumbi. Fumana ilifa okulungileyo, kunye ingeniso ngokuthe ngcembe evela nempahla, umbhali kakhulu ukuze bazive bekhululekile ngaphandle kwilizwe. elite Russian ahlukile ngokuzithandela funda Turgenev. Loo nto nje ukwabelana iimbono zakhe zezopolitiko abakwazanga. Zonke iinkcukacha umdla nobomi Turgenev ngendlela enye okanye enye uhlobene inqubo yakhe. Apha ke abaqeshisi bolunye wobukhosi.

Wohlanga-intshisakalo

Uncwadi olukhulu Russian kukho inkosi-ndawo ukuba enye ababhali yokuqala, arhola ingqalelo ebomini, ubomi kunye nezithethe zabantu abaqhelekileyo. Phambi kokuba "amaNqaku umzingeli" Turgenev wayengekho udumile. kanye Igama kwalo mjikelo amabali basungule umhleli we "Contemporary" Panayev ku hlamusela ngandlela ithile umfundi uluhlu encinane engaqhelekanga imixholo kunye nemifanekiso, naye uya kudibana kumaphepha ale ncwadi. olunika umdla nobomi Turgenev uqala kumaphepha ayo, apho umbalisi lula ngendlela ezaziwa umbhali kwembaliso. Nomnini-mhlaba-olinene novelwano olunzulu kunye novelwano ngengxaki zesiqhelo abalimi Russian, ngamakhoboka. Kwaye yiloo nto mnandi kakhulu ebomini Turgenev. Simple imfesane umbhali idlwengulweyo ayizange iphelele apho. Wenza konke okusemandleni akhe ukuba utshintshe umyalelo okhoyo izinto eRashiya.

phesheya

Mhlawumbi minyaka yobomi Turgenev bakhe zachithwa eFransi. Lakhe bavuyiswa kwi izangqa aphezulu yeengcungcu kunye zokuzilungisa bohemian ka Paris. iincwadi zakhe zaguqulelwa, yapapashwa kwaye ufunde kulo lonke bakhanyiselwa Europe. Umbhali wayehamba kakhulu, ayethanda ukuhlala kwi-Cote d'Azure eFransi, e-Italy. Ngokufuthi oko kukhatshwa, njengoko i uhambo neempelesi Wawongwa edume imvumi French Poliny Viardo, intanda yakhe. Asizange siye izibakala kuyabonwa kwaye umdla nobomi Turgenev, njengenxenye etyelele endlwini ungcakazo kunye yekhasino e Baden-Baden kunye Monte Carlo. Umbhali Russian waba ngumntu venturesome kakhulu, kwaye ingakumbi xa efuna imali. Ke konke oku ixesha elide I akayigcina eYurophu abalwamkelanga uthando lukaKrestu ngentlalo yokuzibhubhisa. Hlala kude ukusuka kwilizwe kwaba ikakhulu ngenxa indlela yombhali acinga ngayo, nto leyo isidanga ngobulungisa iyangqubana uBukhosi Russian kwi izangqa sigqibo.

Abantu New Turgenev

Kakade ke, umbhali wayengekho yedwa kwiinzame zakhe. Wayemela ikhono lakhe ukuzuza ukukhawulezisa onamandla ingcamango lwentlalo. Naphi na apho iminyaka ihamba ubomi Turgenev bakhe, iincwadi zakhe ziye ejoliswe kelelo chu utshintsho alunqandeki kwezentlalo nezopolitiko eRashiya. Ukongeza ngamakhoboka, wamngenisa imisebenzi yakhe igalari ngeentlobo bezikhethwe kokudlulileyo kwiincwadi Russian akazange elula. Kodwa bona aba phakathi kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba eluntwini Russian kwaye ngokwendalo kuboniswe amaphepha iinoveli namabali Turgenev. Sithetha malunga abaqhelekileyo-mbuso. Malunga nabantu ngokupheleleyo abanelisekanga oqhubekekayo eminyaka yobomi Russian indlela. Malunga abo kabuhlungu sifuna iindlela ukutshintsha umyalelo okhoyo izinto. Umfundi omnye siphikisane sengqondo lombhali kwezi amaqhawe ezintsha, kukude ayintsonkothanga. Kodwa umbhali-realist immortalized nezicelo zazo zokomoya ezincwadini zenu. Kwaye namhlanje kuba ngaphandle kwabo kunzima kakhulu ukuqonda era pre-revolution.

Eli lizwe embundwini womnyango wendlu utshintsho ezinkulu

Umbhali kwafuneka ukuba ndilishiye eli hlabathi elide phambi eRashiya wahlasela umoya ovuthuzayo iimfazwe neziphithiphithi. Kwaye namhlanje singakwazi ndicinga kuphela ngendlela ezakudala Russian uye wasabela oko kwenzekayo kweli lizwe emva kwesiqingatha senkulungwane emva ukupheliswa serfdom. Kodwa umbhali-realist Turgenev soloko phambili-mpikiswano yoluntu kunye nemisebenzi yabo ayikwazanga angakuthandi ivuso iinguqu ezinkulu. Ncwadi yakhe, iingcamango revolution kunye amazwi zafikelela ezingqondweni isizukulwana sonke abantu Russian. Kwakungekho revolution elizayo ngubani na akazazi kunye nomsebenzi wakhe.