Amandla Executive kwi Russian Federation uphumeza yeyiphi emzimbeni? Ubume lesebe wesigqeba Russian Federation. Urhulumente Russian

Emva kokuba ngokuwa USSR ekupheleni koo ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane esidlulileyo bakha geqe - i-Russian Federation. Kukho iflegi entsha, umhobe wesizwe, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, uMgaqo-siseko omtsha. Inqaku 10 loMgaqo-siseko, owamkelwa ngabo zimvo ngo-1993, urhulumente yahlulwa amasebe amathathu.

Umahluko kwinkqubo yangaphambili

ESoviet Union wasebenzisa igama elithi "ulawulo karhulumente", yaba isakhiwo ecacileyo, kunye elinegunya. Yintoni eye yatshintsha kukuba ngoku amandla isigqeba Russian Federation uphumeza inkqubo, nto leyo ngokuzimeleyo amasebe nemithetho neenkundla. Kwaye ngokucacileyo sicaciswa gca kwi-siseko.

ekusebenziseni amandla

Phantsi kwe siseko, amandla isigqeba Russian Federation ibonelela inkqubo enamanqanaba amabini. Kwelona nqanaba liphezulu ezi zizinto ezikhoyo federal, basekuhlaleni - abadlali zommandla. Yenza isakhiwo eyodwa oluneqela elinegunya.

Kodwa akukho nto - akuthethi bodwa, bodwa omnye komnye. Zonke iintlobo karhulumente. amandla ngokusondeleyo basebenzisane kunye nabanye. Kuphela ithiyori ye-French yiEnlightenment efanelekileyo kwedemokhrasi loo bodwa, mhlawumbi ngokuchasene iimfuno yoluntu lonke. Ukuziqhelisa, yinto yigadi. Le meko ikhokelela ukuba akuqhutyekekwa kwezopolitiko, ekuweni yonke inkqubo yezopolitiko.

izifundo

amandla Executive kwi Russian Federation uphumeza inkqubo eyodwa ngenxa yokusebenza yesifundo olukhethekileyo kunye nobuchule efanelekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba enze namagunya esigqeba Russian Federation. UMthetho Basic uhlela onke amandla kweli lizwe kumgaqo federalism. Ngokungafaniyo umbuso owodwa federal - ukuba unalo inkqubo yomtshato igunya lolawulo kwi-Russian Federation kunye nomthetho lwengingqi. Government - kuba yeyona umzimba yesigqeba amandla Russian Federation, nenokuthi maxa wambi ichaphazeleke abadlali lesigqeba emhlabeni.

Ngokungafaniyo okuphatha okuphezulu balawuli

igunya Executive neyolawulo - ayikho into efanayo. Le yokugqibela ngumlinganiselo yokunyanzelisa ezingezizo ezenkundla. igunya Administrative - nje enye izixhobo ekufikeleleni kwiinjongo ngamandla elawulayo, kwaye ayiphelelanga akhethe extrajudicial.

Ngokomthetho, uninzi odolo yenziwa kuwo onke amanqanaba enkundleni. Oku okwe kuphela yesigqeba kodwa yowiso-mthetho. Kodwa baqamba babanga ukuba usebenzise igunya lolawulo.

eqhinga

Njengoko imiyalelo kunye nemiyalelo iphunyezwa? Ukulungiselela le njongo phantsi kwegunya wadlulisela iinkonzo anempembelelo nemibutho. Le mali, amapolisa, umkhosi, iinkonzo zokhuseleko, ngenkani intlangano yabasebenzi, njalo-njalo. D.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba imbono yolawulo kungaboniswanga kuMgaqo-siseko. Kuyinto yimpazamo ukukholelwa ukuba oku isebe olawulayo. ulawulo karhulumente ibanzi kakhulu, kwaye ibandakanya zombini isebe yesigqeba kunye namanye amaziko karhulumente.

imisebenzi yolawulo

Yaba iimpawu zayo zilandelayo:

• I-ulwalathiso nkqubo onentsingiselo federal. Imizekelo iquka azimele, elihle kwezentlalo, uphuhliso iinkqubo zamandla olunye njalo njalo. D.

• Ulawulo olululo kunye nokugcinwa komthetho nocwangco kwisigaba kwezoqoqosho yoluntu. Imizekelo imisebenzi Antimonopoly Service, ukhuselo kwipropati yabucala, iinkampani inkxaso, okanye naliphi na isebe yemveliso, njalo-njalo. D.

• Ulawulo olusebenzayo lwamashishini kwicandelo likarhulumente. Kuyinto yimpazamo ukukholelwa ukuba yonke into kwilizwe lethu babucala. Kukho iinkampani ezininzi zoluntu, yobehlulelani bukarhulumente nabezoshishino labucala.

• Ukubeka iliso kunye nokuhlola umsebenzi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zoluntu. Imizekelo sebenza lokulawula imisebenzi yemfundo Rosobrnadzor, Rosmednadzora amayeza, Rospotrebnadzor ekutyeni kunye nomthengi nokhuselo, njalo-njalo. D.

ubungqina

Uphawu lokuqala - ngaphantsi, xa phantsi ixhomekeke amandla aphezulu. URhulumente Russian - isigqeba igunya otshatsheleyo Russian Federation, iziko iphambili kule nkqubo.

Olona phawu yesibini - umbutho. Kukho inkqubo yonke ukulungiselela ukuphunyezwa kwemithetho kuwo onke amanqanaba karhulumente.

Lo msebenzi osemqoka sesithathu - ubukhulu. Naphi na apho kukho amaqela oluntu, ngendlela enye okanye ngenye kukho amandla olawulo.

Olona phawu lesine - imithombo emikhulu. amandla Executive kwi Russian Federation uphumeza inkqubo lonke iimpawu ezininzi: zomthetho, ezoqoqosho, ulwazi, namandla, iinkonzo zobugcisa. Bonke bephela kuxhomekeke kwiziko kulawulo olunye ulondolozo igunya epheleleyo yesigqeba.

Okwesihlanu uphawu - amandla iziphumo extra-egwebayo. Ukuze wenze oku, kukho iinkonzo ezininzi zonyanzeliso: umkhosi, amapolisa, amaqumrhu karhulumente ka zokhuseleko, i-National Guard, njalo-njalo ..

Lo msebenzi osemqoka lesithandathu - ulawulo phezu yesigqeba. Oku kuyimfuneko yomthetho. Phezu kwako yokwahlukana kwamagunya, kuba ukunyanzelisa ngokufanelekileyo yonke imithetho kufuneka yokulawula emalisetyenziswe yiPalamente, iNkundla zincwadi, iofisi yomtshutshisi. amagunya Wide yolawulo iye umongameli we-Russian Federation. Ezibaluleke kakhulu amaziko wedemokhrasi - yamajelo eendaba, uluntu, amaqela inyathelo lolawulo njalo njalo ..

Le nkqubo kunye nokwakhiwa abaphethe Russian Federation

Le ubunzima inkulu elinegunya. amandla Executive luyasetyenziswa yi sabaphathi, eyinxenye ye kumbutho karhulumente. Bona yasekwa ngurhulumente ngenjongo yokuba ukuphunyezwa yonke imithetho kunye izenzo olumisiweyo-zomthetho eyamkelwe namaziko afanelekileyo abanobuchule.

Izidumbu kwamandla olawulo ziqukiwe kule nkqubo yolawulo olulodwa. Kodwa uluhlu sabo ebekiwe kuMgaqo-siseko.

ngezigaba

Ukususela indima, ububanzi bemisebenzi, ubuchule, indlela ukubunjwa ahluka:

1. Russia - urhulumente federal. Kungako nje igunya lesigqeba yase Russian Federation, kwakunye engingqi. UMongameli nolawulo yakhe ngokusesikweni baqukiwe kwesi sakhiwo, kodwa ilawulwa ngokukuko. Intloko karhulumente - usisiqinisekiso nemigangatho siseko kunye amalungelo nenkululeko abemi, ke ngoko, ukuba unyanzelekile ukuba ulandele uze ulungise umsebenzi onke amagunya. Kodwa ngokusemthethweni umongameli ayifakwanga kwesi sakhiwo. Umzimba ephakamileyo executive nguRhulumente Russian Federation ekhokelwa usihlalo.

2. Ngokuxhomekeke kwisakhono abasemagunyeni kubabela nobuchule jikelele, kumacandelo nangokudibana kwamacandelo. I yangaphambili ziquka urhulumente wengingqi kunye nolawulo imimandla neengingqi. Njengoko umzekelo ngesakhono loshishino lwe imizimba kungakhokelela i Ministry of Agriculture, i-Ofisi yoMphathiswa zeemeko zongxamiseko, njl By cross-ukusika emisebenzini iinkxalabo, abasemagunyeni izibalo.

3. Ngokuxhomekeka ekusonjululweni kwemibuzo malunga Isakhiwo igunya lolawulo yahlulwe imizimba ezidityanelweyo edinonachalnye. Okokuqala nixoxe miba ibalulekileyo (Government of the Russian Federation, njengoko candelo liphezulu kwamandla karhulumente we-Russian Federation, urhulumente wengingqi iintlanganiso zekomiti kwaye njalo njalo. D.). imizimba Edinonachalnye - oko kudla abo basebenza kwimo yesiqhelo ukuphelisa tape ebomvu.

Indima kwiNtloko State ukusebenza kwesebe yesigqeba

Nngokobuchwepheshe, njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla, umongameli Russian asiyiyo inxalenye yenkqubo kwamandla olawulo. Nguye "phezu onke amasebe," yaye yakha isebe sesine amandla - kaMongameli. Ngenxa yoko ukungaqondi ngubani ikhokelwe ngurhulumente waseRashiya, isigqeba ngubani ekufuneka Ndiwugcine kunokwenzeka. Impendulo echanekileyo - usihlalo apho lityumbe ngqo intloko karhulumente.

Le ngaphantsi siseko kaMongameli of the Russian Federation

UMthetho Basic iqulethe amanqaku ukuba "ndizinyathele" urhulumente mongameli. Ngokukodwa, Art. 83 lomThetho esiSiseko. Ngokutsho kweli nqaku, owayengumongameli Russian onyula iNkulumbuso. Ngoko ke, simele sicinge ukuba xa iNkulumbuso ungenisa kwiNtloko of State, onke amagunya esigqeba Russian Federation naphantsi kwezandla zakhe.

Indima kaRhulumente Duma ekuqeshweni uSihlalo

Yiba ukuba kunjalo, uMongameli uya kumisela iNkulumbuso, kunye imvume State Duma. Mhlawumbi oku kwenziwa ngenjongo yentsebenziswano elinemveliso phakathi amaziko karhulumente. Ngoko ke, ukuze kubonakale ngokusemthethweni ukuba Russian Federation - republic yasepalamente. Duma State ivuma candidacy kuphela elilawulayo eliyintloko, ecetywayo yi ngumongameli. abaviwa babo ukuba anikele ipalamente akakwazi, kwaye inxaxheba lokusekwa lwekhabhinethi.

Kodwa ke ayikho simple. NgokoMgaqo-siseko Russian, umongameli iceba kabini kuphela. Ukuba umviwa saliwe, i Duma State itshitshisiwe. nokhetho kwigumbi mthetho asezantsi. Kwakhona, umongameli unelungelo zombini amaxesha ukuba Wolinikela elinye kunye nomntu omnye. Emva kokufa, unako ngokuzola angavumela ayifaneleki Duma candidacy. Ngoko ke, kucacile ukuba ngakumbi "buhlungu" yowiso-mthetho kunye nentloko lasekunene urhulumente uza kuqhubeka zamkelwe. Le nkqubo yenza imvume yoMphathiswa iNkulumbuso egumbini esezantsi lowiso zibe nje usana kunina.

Kodwa emva koko, impembelelo umongameli kulo igunya lolawulo akupheleli. NgokoMgaqo-siseko, oko uyekele usihlalo urhulumente Russian. Ukongeza, ukuba umongameli we-Russian Federation ubanga kwisikhundla sokuba abalungiseleli ngesiphakamiso iNkulumbuso. Kwaye, ngokwendlela yokuba uMthetho Basic inani ukungaqheleki abanjalo kuzinza, nto ayiphele ndawo.

Kakade ke, xa kusenziwa, ezifana akunakwenzeka ukuba yenzeke. Kodwa kwithiyori kusenokwenzeka ngokusemthethweni. Kulo ngathi intloko karhulumente okunene Ulobumba kurhulumente limisela intloko yayo. Kodwa ke akunjalo, nangona siseko wamvumela ukuba achophele intlanganiso karhulumente. Umthetho federal "Kwi urhulumente Russian" umnika eli lungelo kwaye eqongeni.

Kodwa ke, nangona oku, intloko ngokusemthethweni ukuba inkulumbuso. NgokoMgaqo-siseko, ibhekisela linobuchule ukumisela ulwalathiso umsebenzi ephakamileyo esilawulayo lombutho imisebenzi yayo. Kwakhona unalo ivoti eyahlulayo. USihlalo ngqo subordinated kwabasemagunyeni esigqeba Russian Federation.

Ukushwankathela, sinokugqiba ukuba isebe elilawulayo ijolise ekuphumezeni ngokwenene imimiselo kunye nemithetho zamaqumrhu umzali. Ezi ziquka imithetho kuMongameli, izenzo ngokusemthethweni yowiso-mthetho, imithetho yase kunye namanye amaxwebhu asemthethweni elawula imisebenzi yayo. Ukongeza, ukuba anazo izixhobo ezinamandla ukulungiselela umiliselo lwazo. Waye ukubheka ngqo kwinkqubo yonke yezoqoqosho, ulwazi, amandla, kunye nezinye. Ngoko ke, oko kuhlangene nengqiqo yolawulo. Kodwa aninako isehlo kuzo. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba isebe executive ichibi elikhulu kwamandla karhulumente, ingcamango yokugqibela ibanzi kakhulu kwaye kuquka amanye amaziko karhulumente kweli lizwe, ezifana neziko ngumongameli, abasemagunyeni zomthetho kunye nabanye abadlali.

Kwindlela ezinxityelelanisiweyo karhulumente kuxhomekeke ntle, uxolo nozinzo kweli lizwe. Kuyinto enye into - ukumisa umthetho; kodwa ukuba abemi kubona ukuba akukho namnye wenza, abasemagunyeni musani ukwenza umsebenzi wabo, kuza isiphithiphithi ochlocracy, ukungazinzi kwezopolitiko. It zikho ekupheleni kwenkulungwane lokugqibela. Emva kokuwa karhulumente ngegqudu ngemilinganiselo yomthetho kwilizwe lethu, a new - lomthetho, lwentando yesininzi. Basic siseko Declaration ihleli injalo; amalungelo nenkululeko abemi, ukulingana enkundleni, ukuzimela abagwebi, ukucangca nyulu, njll Kodwa ngokwenyani lo mfanekiso wakhangela ezahlukeneyo kancinci ... Xa engekho urhulumente womelele kwaye womelele unothanda, ezizezi isigqeba, bonke libilisiwe phantsi nto. Ukuchasa umthetho, ubundlobongela, lokubaleka ukuhlawula irhafu, urhwaphilizo iyonke kwakhokelela ekubeni eli ziingxabano ukuba azichatshazelwa nkqu States ezininzi, imisebenzi zomkhosi ehamba monakalo.

igunya lolawulo Russian kwi langoku inqanaba lophuhliso yayo ivavanywa utshintsho kunye nemigangatho. Ngapha koko, akazange simane isebenzise imithetho esweni ukuphunyezwa. Le ukulwela neentsongelo ezininzi zangaphandle. Umzekelo, oku uwugcinayo ekulweni ubunqolobi ebaxiweyo, zombini ngaphakathi kwilizwe nangaphandle kuyo, iintlekele eyenziwe ngumntu, imililo ihlathi. Xa ngokuzithoba kwabo le njongo ephunyezwa arhente federal ezifana Ministry of Iimeko zikaxakeka, i-Service Security State, i kutshanje kusekwa National Guard. Kakade ke, ezinye iinkonzo ngokobuqu subordinated kwintloko karhulumente, kodwa ke iinjongo ezifanayo kunye ebukele umyalelo ezolileyo siseko kweli lizwe.