Amalungelo umntwana enkulisa. Amalungelo yoMntwana ngemizekelo

Ngaba Ukhe wacinga na ngendlela yokuba uluntu kufuneka anike umntwana? Nantsi eminye imizekelo ezo iziqinisekiso, leyo ngalo naliphi na enkulisa obakho kwisifundo abancinane. Ukususela ekuzalweni de abe mdala ukuba abantwana babe ezabo "amalungelo" zabo. Onke amalungelo umntwana (ngokufutshane imfuneko yazo ukwazi na uyise nonina) achazwe kwi Convention UN.

Eneneni olu luxanduva lwabazali iquka esweni ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ngethuba bekutyelelo enkulisa abazange ligxojiwe. Xa sihlalutya leyinene, xa kusenziwa amalungelo abantu umntwana enkulisa aphulwe, kodwa akukho namnye abenzi bobubi ungafumani bajeziswe, ngokuba abantwana azisoloko ukukhalaza ngayo abazali babo phezu ababagcinayo.

Yintoni Convention?

Olu xwebhu kwamkelwa UN, kwaye hayi iqhekeza kuphela mthetho, wamchukumisa phezu "amalungelo umntwana." amazwe aseYurophu baye banikela ingqalelo kwingxaki ukukhusela kokuya esikolweni abantwana, esazi ukuba eli bona ngokwabo ukuze bazibonele ngokwabo engenakukwazi. Kuyo nayiphi na ilizwe oluphucukileyo neyazo, edwelisa amalungelo umntwana (enkulisa, ingakumbi).

Ngawaphi amaxwebhu ulawule ziziqinisekiso i-Russian Federation?

Kwilizwe lethu kukho iKhowudi Family, ukongeza, usebenza uMthetho "On Iziqinisekiso Basic kwamaLungelo kwi Russian Federation". La maxwebhu zisisiseko ntle ajonga impilo-ntle kwiintsapho. Amalungelo umntwana enkulisa akhuselwe nguMthetho "Kwi imfundo". Kukho kwakhona ngamaxwebhu olawulo, imiyalelo apho nabo emiselweyo. Le mimiselo ukumisela zonke amalungelo umntwana epriskuli, abazali kufuneka zifunde ngononophelo kwaye akhusele ukuba kuyimfuneko, ngokusekelwe kule mithetho, abantwana babo.

Siyaya enkulisa

inyaniso Russian kukuba ukungena abancinane kucala ngoko nangoko emva kokuzalwa komntwana, kodwa ukuya ekusekweni komntwana kungaba efikelela kuphela kweminyaka emithathu. Isizathu yaba kukwanda kwesantya ngokuzalwa, kwakunye evaliweyo ngexesha kokutshatyalaliswa USSR ezininzi epriskuli. Ukusombulula ingxaki yokunqongophala iindawo namhlanje ukwakha iigadi ezintsha, kodwa ukupheliswa ngokupheleleyo kungalindelekanga.

Ukukhusela amalungelo asisiseko eli umntwana enkulisa, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba ukutyelela umntwana, eli ziko lamiselwa ngokusemthethweni kwanembopheleleko abasemagunyeni ukunika abantwana indawo isithuba ngenxa yemfundo pre-school. Msinyane nje ithuba wakho umntwana weza egqitywe dislocation entsatsheni, kukho iingxaki ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ngokuyintloko, oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba umntwana elindele kwisigaba esitsha yobomi bakhe; yena ke ingqiqo uboyikisayo; kuba akucacanga ukuba yintoni kanye kuya kwenzeka kwindawo entsha, apho ecaleni kuya kubakho upopu okanye unina. Indlela abavakalelwa ngayo abazali belindele usana ngokungenisa yabantwana kokuya esikolweni, lubeka phi. Bavakalelwa inkxalabo, usizi, ezinye ukoyika, imincili ngenxa yabo elizayo "abafundi."

Enye yeengxaki ezinkulu kufuneka kuwa endle yokucingela abazali - amalungelo umntwana enkulisa. Asingabo bonke omama mihla kwaye abazali kufuneka ukuqondwa ngokupheleleyo kubo. Nangona bengazi maxa wambi kudala iingxaki zempilo yengqondo ezinkulu kakhulu ukuba kunzima kakhulu ukulungisa nkqu iminyaka embalwa. Umxholo amalungelo abantwana - ingxaki ukuba asizizo zonke unina okanye uyise uya kucinga, lo gama ootitshala ungayisebenzisa ngokupheleleyo.

Imizekelo dokumentov- "ngabakhuseli"

amalungelo asisiseko abantwana, imizekelo apho kufuneka bazi bonke abazali abanenyameko, ngokusekelwe kwi-Convention, iKhowudi Family, uMthetho "On Iziqinisekiso Basic kwamaLungelo kwi Russian Federation". Kakade ke, nakuphi na ukwaphulwa kwale mimiselo kunokubangela yolawulo lolwaphulo-liability.

Njengoko kuqinisekisiwe yi eyodwa?

Dwelisa amalungelo asisiseko umntwana enkulisa abazali, ukuze bakwazi ukukhusela abantwana babo (ukuba kuyimfuneko). Ngoko ke, eli lungelo umntwana:

1. Ukuze imfundo, kwakunye nokusekwa kunye nophuhliso ngezakhono zobuchule ngokwasemzimbeni. Ngalinye iziko uthole unyanzelekile ukuba enze ukuba abantwana ukuphuhlisa iiklasi ezongezelelweyo. Ukongeza ekukhangeleni wangaphandle enkulu, imidlalo, usana kufuneka sihambe ngendlela ophuhliso lwengqondo. Ukuphumeza ootitshala iinjongo abasebenza eziguqulweyo, ukunceda abantwana ngcono, ngokuthe ngcembe nzima imisebenzi ekufuneka isonjululwe (nakuba kwada uqala babonakala ilula kakhulu ukuba abantu abadala). Xa kungekho kweeklasi yophuhliso asinaso isizathu sokukholelwa ukuba siqinisekiso kantu. Kwilizwe lethu sibe womnatha elikhulu-isikali amaziko emfundo zabasakhasayo, sisebenza ubusuku nemini okanye emini. Updated iinkqubo zokufundisa abakwisikolo sabantwana, wazisa imigangatho karhulumente federal ezizodwa elawula uphuhliso lwabantwana abancinane eziguqulweyo.
2. On the game. Ngokusekelwe kuphuhliso ubuchule bokuyila nawoshicilelo kunye ezinobuchule umntwana, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba kubalulekile ukuba umdlalo usana. Kukho ukuba ufumana izakhono zonxibelelwano, ngoko ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe ootitshala iyantlukwano, loo nto ayithethi imkhathaza abantwana.
3. Impilo kunye nobomi. Mhlawumbi oku ekunene angundoqo umntwana enkulisa (kubazali la malungelo zezona zibalulekileyo), ngenxa ukungathotyelwa babo ubomi itakane ukuba singaba sengozini enkulu. UMthetho "On imfundo" libhekisela kwinto yokuba iziko lemfundo pre-school unyanzelekile ukuba ukuqinisekisa abafundi babo ubomi kunye nempilo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukhathalelo lwempilo umntwana kufuneka zinikeziwe, ngoko ezo amaziko ukujonga ukuba ngaba awunayo i-ofisi kagqirha, iyangqubana usisiqinisekiso unyango, kwaye ke ngoko kufuneka zivalwe.
4. Lokukhuselwa ekuphathweni gadalala. Abagcina abantwana badla okwaziyo, yaye zimbi - hit abantwana. Oku akwamkelekanga kwaphela kwaye kufuneka wayeka njengoko abazali kunye nolawulo egadini.
5. Ukukhusela iimfuno kunye nomdla womntwana. Abantwana kufuneka anikwe ingqwalaselo efanelekileyo, izinto zokudlala kunye nococeko olusisiseko - ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno.
6. On ukutya esemgangathweni. Body umntwana azidingayo uphawu elaneleyo, nokuhamba ngokupheleleyo ukutya imini yonke. Ukuba abantwana banikwa imveliso kunye ezikhabhathini eziphelelwe lixesha, amalungelo yomntwana engahlonitshwa, kwaye abazali bangafaka isikhalazo ofisi yomtshutshisi.

Yintoni kakubi umntwana?

Inkcazo "gadalala" libonisa ukubethwa, ngokwesondo, ngokweemvakalelo okanye ngokwasemzimbeni gadalala (umzekelo, ukumemeza, izithuko, nehlazo). Xa eziguqulweyo sasiphikisana sicwangciso rhoqo, yaye ootitshala ingqalelo eqhelekileyo udanduluka abantwana, ukubizwa kwabo amagama amabi, ahlawule ngempama ebusweni. Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba amalungelo abantwana ophulwe (imizekelo iimeko ezinjalo akuqhelekanga), oluthi lusetyenziswe usana nayiphi ugonyamelo, ndiyiguqulele kwenye epriskuli.

Ngaba abazali ukuze bakhusele abantwana epriskuli?

Yeyona abazali bangakwazi kwaye kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba amalungelo abantwana kumaziko emfundo uthole hayi aphulwe. Xa ukhetha oomama enkulisa abazali kufuneka ukuba ukujonga amanqanaba emfundo kootitshala ukuze bona babe abantwana babo. Ukuba usana emva kotyelelo ukuya abancinane kwikhaya olitshijolo kuqala, uyala ukuba balale, bakhale ngaphandle kwesizathu, ngoko kukho yimvakalelo kabi. Abazali kufuneka ngenyameko usana, ukuba emveni kweentsuku 3-4 engaphenduli ngokuguqula isimo sakhe, ukwanda ixhala, thetha kunye nootitshala. Ukuba akukho utshintsho emva kokuba incoko, yaye umntwana angafuni ukuya abancinane, ukufumana enye kokuya esikolweni kuye.

Yintoni ekufuneka ukubuza abazali?

Musa ukulibala ukuba nomdla kamasipala eyamkelwe olawulayo, buza ngabo iiklasi, ootitshala bachitha yophuhliso bobuchule kunye nobukrelekrele abantwana zabasakhasayo. Enkulisa, apho kuza igama layo, ubusoloko ibiba nabazali babo kunye lubamema ukuba ukuvula i iklasi, ukuze babone indlela yokuphuhlisa umntwana ukwazi oko zakhono lasekwa ngo imisebenzi yakhe yendalo.

Indlela abazali ukuziphatha xa Ulwaphulo?

Okokuqala kufuneka isicelo esibhaliweyo intloko enkulisa, cela ukuba ayeke izenzo ezingekho mthethweni ngakwicala labasebenzi. Ukuba iziphumo emihle ifumanekayo, qhagamshelana ne isikhalazo umtshutshisi. Eli ziko liza kuqhutywa uphando lwangaphakathi, iziphumo zalo ziya balazi abazali bakholelwa ukuba amalungelo abo athe anyhashwa ngabasebenzi toddler epriskuli.

Umsebenzi ophambili - ukukhumbula ukuba umntwana uneminyaka 2-3 ubudala baya kuba nako ukuzimela. Kakade ke, namhlanje abantwana abaninzi kule ubudala sele beyazi indlela ndivule umabonakude ngenxa ikhathuni ebukele, okanye "ukumba" kwi mobile phone kabawo. Noko ke, oku akuthethi ukuba baza kuba nako ukulwa umva utitshala abakrwada, ukuba baze bazabalazele ukuba bangxole okanye ukubetha. Zama ukucela umntwana malunga iziganeko egadini. Amaxesha amaninzi, ukhumbula ezona zinto ocacileyo ezimnandi kunye mnandi, ngoko into ndithanda ukunixelela ngayo ungakwazi. Emva koko amanyathelo eqhubayo silibazise, ukuze umntwana abazange bafumane trauma nasengqondweni.