Yintoni ibhasi PCI?

Imizila kuphuhliso zobugcisa computer zisekuhleni - kuba ekubeni umanyano, lula kubavelisi (kunciphise projektha) kuhlanganiswa izixhobo ezininzi uqiniseke enye. Akukho nto ayimangalisi apha kukuba uninzi abasebenzisi namhlanje, wabaqalayo musa nokuba uyazi into PCI ibhasi. Abo bamfumanayo ngexesha ukuyilwa iikhompyutha IBM-ehambelanayo ngokusekelwe 286, 386 njalo njalo. Processors, akukho mathandabuzo, Ababukhumbulanga ubuninzi lwamavili ezahlukeneyo interfaces iintsimbi esetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zekhompyutha ngelo xesha. Le odumileyo-8-bit ibhasi i ISA, ngoko igqibeke VLB (eyaziwa ngokuba VESA), PCI ibhasi, a isinxibelelanisi ngokuzimisela Intel software modem, AGP, njalo njalo. Kwaye bonke, phantse, kwakufuneka. Kodwa ngoku kwi motherboard emangalisayo "ubuhlwempu" - kuphela ibhasi enye PCI Express, Noko ke, uhlaziyo ezahlukeneyo kunye neenombolo ezahlukeneyo imigca isignali. Awu, ukuhlawulela ubunye enjalo, lokoqobo, oko kuyimfuneko kumsebenzisi ekupheleni. Ngapha koko, kwanokuba olukhoyo, umzekelo, ezikumgangatho ophezulu isandi card, nto leyo PCI-isixhobo, oko nje ndawo ukuqhagamshela (amaqhoshana ntofontofo musa ukubala), kwaye kufuneka ukuba bathenge uguqulelo ukuba ivili ezahlukeneyo okanye, ngaphezulu ngokubanzi, yiya kwi, ngokuphandle khulu, isisombululo oluhlangeneyo. Le meko embhoxo ibali transfer "ngenkani" yonke AGP ukuya PCI-E.

Yintoni idume kakhulu ibhasi PCI? lalisele likho 1991, xa ukuvela elinemveliso iprosesa udidi Pentium, kwaye kwacaca ukuba eqhelekileyo-bit 8 ISA akakwazi ukunika ngereyithi owamkelekileyo impefumlelwano onke amacandelo kunye imbali yayo. Khumbula ukuba ngelo xesha kwakukho na DMI, okanye Hyper Transport, kwaye uqhagamshelwano kwamalungu kwi motherboard lwaqhutywa ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ibhasi. Nangona kwenziwe iinzame ukuze kuthintelwe izithintelo i ISA, umzekelo, yaye kwakukho ibhasi VESA, kodwa ngenxa izithintelo ngeke zilunge.

Ngowe-1992, Intel PCI ibhasi iveziwe version 1.0 kwi standard evulekileyo. esasidla yayo iwotshi enkulu ngexesha le-33 MHz (apho sokuquqa yokutshintshwa kwamanqaku CPU lula), ngokuxhomekeka ekuqhutyweni yentsimbi ye, inkxaso 32 okanye 64 amasuntswana (xa kuthelekiswa ne-8-bit ISA). Imigca data ombane-5 no 3.3, yaye bandwidth yaba 133 MB. Kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba sele ixhasa Plug & Dlala (jumper off!).

kwakukho oluphuculiweyo inguqulelo ye-2.0 ngo-1993.

Le PCI ibhasi iye yazuza udumo ngamazwe ukususela ngo-1995 (version 2.1). Kuxhomekeka kusetyenziwe amaza yaba 66 MHz. Xa usebenzisa uhlobo 64 bit kulawulwa le 533MB transfer ivili. weza Windows 95 ukuya nokuhlangula, ekugqibeleni, ukuqinisekisa ngokupheleleyo ukusebenza ngokuchanekileyo izixhobo PCI nge Plug & Dlala technology. imigca Signal imvume ifuduke 5V ukuya 3.3V

Okulandelayo oko wakhululwa uhlaziyo 2.2 - 3.0. Isinxibelelanisi sokukhangela in version 2.2 waba i "isitshixo" oluthintela ufakelo izixhobo ezingahambelaniyo ombane. Le ngxelo iqhubeka 2.3 ukuya 3.3 V, ngoko kusetyenziswe izixhobo ezifana kwiinguqulelo ku 2.1 iziphumo (5) xa umonakalo amakhadi kwaye ngamanye amaxesha isondo. Kwi-3.0 version 5 V kungekho elide.

Ngowe-1997, i-PCI kwafuneka kabini njengento efanayo Intel AGP ibhasi ukhululwe yevidiyo, nto leyo ababa nako ukufikelela kwisakhono sabo esipheleleyo kwi PCI.

Ngoku ke PCI ibhasi, njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, phantse asisetyenziswa, indawo esikhundleni sawo - PCI Express. Indlela uyayilungisa software iyafana, kodwa ukuphunyezwa ebonakalayo unenzondelelo iinguqu ezibalulekileyo. inani ababhexeshi, amaza zokusebenza inyuswe iye ezitshintshiweyo (kunye ngokunciphisa current). Indlela yokuba nokuqwalasela lwabasunguli yentengiselwano (izixhobo ezinxulumene) nayo zatshintsha, evumela lula ngakumbi yokusingatha izicelo zabo ibhasi.

Hi ndlela leyi, phezu kwezinye motherboards kusenokwenzeka ukuhlangabezana Isidibanisi PCI ibhasi. Noko ke, phezu ngenkxaso oyinzalelwane chipset kunye iprosesa nto sithetha - kule ukuphunyezwa ndlela isebenzisa chip ezizodwa ibhulorho ukuba ise izicelo kwi PCI PCI Express.