Yintoni lo mdlalo: imbali kwikota

Isimanga, kodwa xa sibuza ukuba mdlalo, abahlali abaneminyaka 17-18, ange ngesibindi wathi ukuba le ncwadi! Eneneni, isihloko sale kota zomculo liguqulelwe ngaloo ndlela. Ngaphambili ebizwa mdlalo isiseko zoncwadi opera, ibhaleyi kunye neminye imisebenzi enzima. Le ncwadana uhlobo oluthile ngemeko apho isenzo esichazwe zemveliso yeqonga. Kodwa eyahlukileyo uhlobo zoncwadi ukuba abe ngqalelo, kuba ibali esichazwe kule ncwadana, Wayeqhogene opera okanye zomculo. Kakade eli gama kamva yabizwa ngokuba ngamnye amaqhekeza yomculo.

Imbali mdlalo

De kwaba yinkulungwane ye-18, zonke midlalo umculo iseti ezingundoqo, kulandelwe inkqubo ethile. Oku kungenxa yokuba ingxaki ezinkulu ifana. abaqambi eziliqela imisebenzi yabo bangasebenzisa mdlalo efanayo. Kodwa kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane ye-18, kwakungekho nkqu umsebenzi eyahlukileyo - ukubhala umculo. Librettist ayesele efikelele amabali ngamnye, hayi nje elinye elidlulileyo. Lo mntu wazi ngaphezu kwakhe nabani yintoni mdlalo, kwaye besebenza kunye umqambi, wayekulungele ukunikela iinketho ezifanelekileyo. Kakade ke, kwafuneka ukuba siqonde kwaye adlulisele ingcamango yombhali-phantsi, uhlobo lomsebenzi olukhulu. Sinokuthi phambi kokuba librettists waba umsebenzi onzima - ekumanyaniseni imibongo, icandelo umculo kunye sentlalo amaqhawe amanyathelo. Umzekelo, amagcisa ezaziwayo-kakuhle olu hlobo baba R. Kaltsabidzhi (Gluck bafumana iinkonzo zakhe, ukusebenza 'Orpheus kunye Eurydice') kunye Ewe Lonte (no Mozart, Tchaikovsky, Rimsky-Korsakov kunye nezinye abaqambi ezinkulu).

Yintoni a mdlalo ngenkulungwane ye-19?

Kula maxesha ababhali abaziingcali ukubhala iziseko zokubhala opera, ballets kunye operettas baqalisa ukuba bayeke abaqambi. Noko ke, ukuze siqonde ukuba yintoni mdlalo nendlela zincedisana ingxelo, kufuneka ubuchule obukhulu. Saba phakathi abaqambi kunye nezo ziye zaqhubeka ukuba basebenzisane kunye librettists, Owakholosa sele wenze eminye imisebenzi. Man, kuba ngokomzekelo, kwafuneka silungiselele kuphela umbhalo enkondlo.

Imizekelo ngezakhiwo kunye nababhali babo

Isiseko mdlalo yaye kule mini imisebenzi zoncwadi, ezo kusingathwa ngokungqinelana umculo isigaba neemfuno. Umzekelo, lo msebenzi osemqoka unokuba kungabonwa ngokuthelekisa "Mchako Spades" yi Pushkin kunye Tchaikovsky nokutyhilwa kwalo. Zimbalwa imisebenzi yalo uhlobo ingabizwa ezimeleyo, ebhaliweyo ngokukhethekileyo kwindawo ethile. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba umqambi Richard Wagner kuyo yonke imisebenzi yakhe, wabhala mdlalo ngokwabo. Waba italente enye Alexander Serov, umqambi Russian. Nguye ke umbhali mdlalo of the opera "uJudith" yaye "Rognada", nangona le yokugqibela ebhaliweyo ngentsebenziswano ne yeqonga umgxeki Dmitriem Averkievym.

Ngokufaneleka kolu hlobo kule mihla

theatre zomculo Modern ayikho indawo yaye unika ngokusebenzayo ababukeli neentlobo ezintsha neziveliso. Kakade ke, lo ezintsha kakhulu umxhelo yaba zomculo. Lo mdlalo for olu hlobo yohlukile kancinci, ngenxa yokuba lo imveliso musical ngokuyimfuneko "lweenkobe" le operetta American. I zomculo Ngokusisiseko kwakhona utoliko zokuvuma umsebenzi wokubhala. Nangona kunjalo, iye kuthi yongezwe ngakumbi wokubonelwa kunye komnyhadala, abaqalise iimeko, uphose ingakumbi yeplastiki. Kakade ke, indima ephambili idlalwa umculo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba lo mdlalo kulo mzekelo ufumana ukubaluleka kakhulu ngaphezu kokuba iye isetyenziswe ngexesha operetta.