Amaflegi e-Imperial athetha ntoni? Iplagi yaseRashiya yasePersian

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ifulegi emnyama-ephuzi emhlophe yinto eyaziwayo, okanye imhlophe emhlophe. Yintoni ebalulekileyo yeflegi yekhosi? Iyintoni imbali yayo? Kutheni li liweyo? Kwiminyaka emininzi, iingxabano ziye zaqhubeka kwiflegi ingumkhosi. Icala ngalinye lifumana ubungqina obungenakuphikiswa bokufaneleka kwayo. Kodwa emva kwalo mbuzo olandelayo uvela: ngaba kukufanelekile ukubuyela kwiflegi yomkhosi?

Imbali yeflegi

Ngo-1453, iTrargrad yawa, iinyanga ezimbini zivimbela ukuvinjelwa kwama-Ottomans. Le yilo ithemba lokugqibela loBukhosi baseByzantine. Ngexesha lokungqingwa, uMlawuli uConstantine XI Palaeologus wabulawa.

Emva kwexesha elithile, iVatican yaqala ukufuna ukusebenzisana, ihlose ukulungiselela i-crusade ngokumelene neTurks. Umbutho onamandla unokuba ngumbuso waseMoscow, owawubanjelwa ngu-Ivan III. Ngoko ke, uPapa uthabatha u-Ivan III uSophia Palaeologus - umshana ka-Emperor Constantine XI. Utata waye nethemba lokuba lo mtshato uza kuvelisa iziqhamo: ukunqoba kwezinto zangaphambili zaseByzantium. Ukongeza, iVatican yayifuna ukuba uMuscovy avume i-Florentine Union kwaye angenise kwiRoma. Kodwa u-Ivan III wayenezinye izicwangciso: ukuqiniswa kwamandla eMoscow.

Ukutshata uSophia Palaeologus, u-Ivan III waba ngukumkani kunye nomkhuseli wama-Orthodoxy. Kwaye iMoscow yaba yindwendwe yaseConstantinople neRoma. Ngoko ke, iingalo zommandla waseMoscow nazo zatshintshile. Ingubo yaseByzantium yezibambano zihlangene nomqondiso waseMoscow - intsiphu eluhlaza kunye nekhondo elimnyama elinamacala amabini kunye nomgibeli omhlophe ehashe, ehlasela inyoka.

U-Alexei Mikhailovich wazisa le ngubo yeengalo. Kwaye abanye abalawuli balandela le nkcubeko yomfanekiso wengubo yeengalo.

I-Senate ikhishwe ummiselo ngowama-1731, ngokubhekiselele kuwo onke amajelo kunye ne-dragoon iinqwelo kunye neengubo ezinemibala yengubo. Umkhosi waseRashiya kwakufuneka usebenzise igolide kunye nosilika omnyama ukulungiswa. Ukongezelela, ngoku babeneembhombo ezimhlophe.

UPetros ndizazisa imibala emitsha

Iifayile ze-Imperial zazingekho ngelo xesha. I-tricolor (iflegi ebomvu-obomvu) yabonakala eRashiya, njengoko ininzi iimbali-mlando ibanga, ngexesha lolawulo luka-Alexei Mikhailovich. Umkhombe wemikhosi "I-Eagle" yayinebhanki, ngenxa yokuveliswa kwayo eyayisetyenziselwa imbungu, imhlophe kunye ne-azure. Oku akusiyo yonke into echaziweyo etshabalalisa ingxabano ephezulu yabagxeki be-tricolor, njengoko abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba uPetros "wamzisa" le flegi ezweni lethu. UPetros Omkhulu wabhala enye ifulegi: Indwangu emhlophe yahlula isiqhagamshelo esingqamlekileyo esibhakabhaka kwiindawo ezine ezilinganayo, ezibizwa ngokuba yimigca. Iyokuqala neyesine imhlophe, yesibini kunye nesithathu ibomvu. Ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-17, ifulegi igcinwe ngokuqinile kwiinqanawa zaseRashiya.

Emva kokuya e-Holland, ukumkani oselula wenza isigqibo sokukwakha iinqanawa, ngoko ke waya e-Arkhangelsk. Endleleni eya kwikomkhulu, waya eVologda, apho wanika uMbhishophu omkhulu uAthanasius iiflegi ezintathu kwiinqanawa zakhe. Eyona nkulu yayiyi "flegi yeTsar yaseMoscow". Kwakuqulethwe ngamabutho amathathu anqamlekileyo: amhlophe, aluhlaza kunye nobomvu (ukusuka phezulu ukuya phezulu). Kwakhona kwiphaneli kwakukho ukhozi ophezu kabini, owabambe intonga kunye namandla. Isifuba sookhozi sasinxibe ngekhuselo elibomvu kunye neSt. George.

Kukho ingqungquthela eyadala iiflegi eziseArkhangelsk. Ezinye iimithombo zithi ifulegi yaseRussia yafunyanwa njenge-Dutch tricolor, kodwa ngohlobo oluhlukileyo lwembala. Kodwa impazamo kukuba uPetros ndide ndidala le flegi ngaphambi kokuya e-Holland.

Emva kokubonakala kweflegi yeTsar eMoscow, iiflegi ezimhlophe ezibomvu-obomvu obomvu neengubo zeengalo zahlala zihlala emkhombeni wenkosi. Ngomnyaka we-1697, uPetros wazisa iiflegi entsha ye-tricolor, esele ingekho ngaphandle kwe-ukhozi.

Ngaphantsi kukaPetros I-tricolor yayiyi-flag yeRashiya, ummandla womhlaba nolwandle. Kodwa ngexesha leMfazwe yaseMntla, umkhosi kunye ne-navy basebenzisa ifulethi yaseSt. Andrew. Ngo-1705, ngoJanuwari 20, uPetros I wayala ukusetyenziswa kweflegi ebomvu-obomvu ebomvu kuphela.

Kwixesha lakwaPetrine, impembelelo enkulu yenziwa yintetho yaseJamani. Ngako oko, imibala yesizwe yayiphelelwe yilahlekile.

Imperial Standard

Iifayile ze-Imperial nazo zizalisekisa umgangatho wekhosi. Yavunywe nguPetros I: iplanethi ephuzi iboniswa inkozi ebomvu ebomnyama ephethe iitshathi zelwandle kunye ne-White, Azov ne-Caspian Sea. Ngokukhawuleza, ityati yesine yolwandle yongezwa. Inxalenye yonxweme yoLwandle lwaseBaltic yahlanganiswa ngo-1703.

Ngaphambi koko, ngo-1696, umbusi wadala isambatho seengalo, esekelwe kweso esetyenziswe ngexesha lolawulo luka-Alexei Mikhailovich. Ibhanki ibomvu nomda omhlophe, ephakathi kwakubonakaliswe ukhozi lwegolide olugubha phezu kolwandle. Esangqaweni esifubeni sakhe, babonisa uMsindisi, ecaleni loMoya oyiNgcwele kunye nabapostile abangcwele uPawulos noPetros.

Ngomnyaka we-1742 u-Elizabeth Petrovna waqulunqwa. Ngaphambi kwesi siganeko, ibhanti entsha kaRhulumente yombuso yayidalwa: kwikhwatshi ephuzi - inkozi ebomnyama abasixhenxe, ijikelezwe iinqwelo ze-oval ezingama-31 ngeengubo zeengalo. Emva koko ngamaphiko okhozi, iingalo zomhlaba zazingakhange ziboniswe.

UBaron Bergard Karl Kyon wadala ibhendi yesibini yesizwe. Wayekulungele ukulungiswa kwe-Alexander II (1856, Agasti 26). Ukongezelela kwibhanna yelizwe, uBernhard Köhne naye wadala imbonakalo enkulu, ephakathi neyincinci yolawulo lwaseRashiya. Emva koko wadala ingubo yeengalo zeNdlu yaseRomanovs kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo wenza ukuguqulwa ngokutsha kwezandla zaseRussia. Ingcamango ephambili yeKyon yayisungulwe imibala ebonisa imibala yengubo yezandla kwiiflegi, amabhanki. Iidraferi zeeholide kunye neenqwelo zomkhosi nazo zinezi shades. Ngoko yamukelwa kuBukumkani bukaPrussia noBukhosi baseAustria. Kodwa imibala egxininisiweyo yamkelwa phantsi ko-Anna Ioanovna (ngo-1731, ngo-Agasti 17).

Ekubeni isibonakaliso sombuso sinekhusi legolide, inkozi emnyama ekhanda amabini, isithsaba zesilivere, intonga kunye negunya, uBerggard Karl Köne wagweba ukuba iintyatyambo ezimnandi zibomnyama, igolide kunye nesilivere ngokwemiqathango yokumisela.

Ngomnyaka we-1883, ibhanti yesithathu yeburhulumenteni yenziwa ngokulungiswa kwe- Alexander III. Kwakucwecwe ngumculi waseBelashev. Kodwa esikhundleni seglasi legolide, basebenzisa isicikisi selikalika esinebala legolide elidala.

Ukulungiswa kukaNicholas II, okwenzeka ngowe-1896, kwazaliseka isibhengezo sesine seburhulumenteni. Yenziwe yenziwe ngendwangu yegolide ngokuthunga, kungekhona ngokupenda.

Ukuqinisa ubunye besizwe

Imfazwe yasePatriotic iphelile ngeNapoleon, kwaye iiflegi ezimhlophe ezimhlophe ezimnyama zithunyelwa kuphela kwiholide zikawonkewonke. Ubukho beflegi kule fomu zaqhubeka kuphela kwaze kwaba yilapho iyakwamkelwa ngokusemthethweni. UNicholas ndayala imibala yeflegi yeperesi yexesha elizayo kwi-cockades yabasebenzi bakarhulumente.

UNicholas ndandifuna ukufumana iimpawu zelizwe kunye neempawu. Wayeqinisekile ukuba oku kunokuqinisa ubunye besizwe. Yingakho umbusi avume ingoma yesizwe esithi "UThixo Ugcine I-Tsar" njengengoma yesizwe.

Iflegi evuliwe

UAlexandro II wayefuna ukubeka izinto ngokulandelelanayo kwisimo sombuso, njengoko kufanele kuholele kwimilinganiselo yonke yaseYurophu. Ngoko-ke, ngo-1857 umbusi wamisela uBaron Bergard-Carl Köhne intloko yeSebe lesitampu.

1858 yiyona nto apho imbali yeflegi yombuso iqala njengeflegi yelizwe. Ngo-1858, ngo-Juni 11, u-Alexander II wasayina ummiselo, owamkela ifulegi entsha yelizwe. Kuphela ngoku kwachithwa: umnyama omhlophe-obomvu. Kwakudingeka axhomeke kuwo onke amaziko karhulumente, izakhiwo zikaRhulumente. Kule meko, abantu abazimeleyo banelungelo lokusebenzisa kuphela ifulegi yeempahla zorhwebi kunye ne-tricolor endala: emhlophe, eluhlaza okomvu, obomvu.

Umlobi weprojekti yepakera yombuso nguBernhard-Karl Koen. Kwakuyinkcazo yakhe yokwenza ifulegi yasebhentshi emhlophe. Imibala ithetha ntoni kwiphaneli? Kutheni i-baron ijika ifulegi? Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwi-shealdry, ibhanner ephikisiwe ibonisa ukulila. Olwandle luphawu lokubandezeleka. Le nto yinto eyayingenakukwazi ngayo i-heraldist ye-heraldist. Ngokwempawu okanye kungenjalo, okokuphela kwelizwe kwaqala ukutshintsha ingcono.

Imizobo yabaculi "igxininise" ilungiselelo lemibala kule ndlela elandelayo: umhlophe, ophuzi nomnyama.

Inentsingiselo yembala

Imibala yepeyiberi yase-Russia inentsingiselo ecacileyo, eyenza umntu acinge ngexesha elidlulileyo, langoku kunye nekamva kwelizwe. Siza kuqwalasela ukuqala kweflegi yomkhosi.

Umgca ophantsi-umbala omnyama - yi-epitome yesibonakaliso sobukhosi. Nanku ukuzinza nokuchuma kwelizwe lonke, kunye nemida engapheliyo kwaye iminyeneyo kunye nobunye besizwe.

Uluhlu oluphakathi-umbala ophuzi-uphuhliso lwezinto zokuziphatha, ukomoya ophezulu wabantu baseRussia. Kwakhona lo mbala uguqulelwa njengento ebhekiselelwe kuBukhosi baseByzantium - njengokhokho waseRussia kwihlabathi le-Orthodox.

Umgca ophezulu - umbala omhlophe - ngumthandazo kunye nesibheno kuGeorge onqobayo, oye waba ngumgcini wamazwe aseRashiya ngeenkulungwane ezininzi. Ukongeza, lo mbala uyisimboli somnikelo wabantu baseRashiya. Ukulungele ukugubungela ihlabathi ngomxhelo wokunikela konke kwilizwe lakhe, nje ukugcina ubukhulu bakhe nozuko lwakhe.

Kukho enye inguqu yendlela umbala weflegi yeperesi ithetha ngayo. Ibutho elimhlophe li-Orthodoxy, eyona isiseko kunye nesiseko sobomi. Ibhendi ephuzi yi-autocracy, eqinisekiswa kwi-Orthodoxy, kuba yindlela ephela yombane onikwe nguThixo. I-Black Strip ngabantu abasekelwe kwi-Orthodoxy kunye ne-autocracy. Umnyama - kuba umbala wehlabathi, iRussia kufuneka iphile umsebenzi ohloniphekileyo emhlabeni.

Iingxabano

Ifulegi elimhlophe-elibomvu njengombala weburhulumenteni kwiminyaka eyi-15-20 ezayo yabonwa ngokungaqinisekanga kwaye ayizange iphikisana. Kodwa kufutshane ne-70-yeeyure zeXIXX, ubukhosi bomeleza inkcaso kwiingqungquthela ze-liberal, ezichasene nomyalelo wokuthobela. Abameli balo babefuna ukuba ilizwe lilandele imodeli yophuhliso lweNtshona. Ngenxa yoko, babe nomnqweno wokubonakalisa iYurophu. Iflegi evunywe nguPeter I ngandlela-thile ibhekisela ekufuzisweni kweYurophu.

Abalawuli bamaMarch baqinisekisa ukugcinwa kweflegi yekhosi. Iinjongo zabo ziqondakala ngokucacileyo: abantu abodwa ubukumkani omnye, kwaye ngoko ke iiflegi enye. Yonke into ithetha ntoni na? Izwe aliyikuthi lingabikho kwaye linamandla.

Iifayile zePergy: zazo zombini?

1881 ngumnyaka wokufa kuka-Alexander II. Ukufa kwakhe kwafika kumzuzwana obunzima kwaye obalulekileyo kwilizwe. U-Alexander III maduze nje (ngo-1883, ngo-Apreli 28) wanika i-flag ebomvu-ebomvu isimo seburhulumenteni, nangona wazinikezelwa ukuba enze iiflegi kuphela. Le meko yayiyinkimbinkimbi yinto yokuba ukusebenza kweflegi yombuso kwakungakhanselwa.

Ngomnyaka we-1887, i-Order yakhishwa kwiSebe lezempi, elibhengeze iiflegi zaseburhulumenteni ezimnyama njengezandi.

Le meko yayimangalisa kakhulu, kwakudingeka ukuxazulula ngokukhawuleza into ethile. Ngo-Epreli ngo-1896, abameli be-Academy yeSayensi ne-Ministries banquma ukuba ibhanna entsha yelizwe ingaba ywelonke. Kwaye ifulegi yeperesi ayinalo naluphi na izithethe zokuziphatha.

UNicholas II wayala i-coronation yakhe ukulungiselela ilungiselelo elitsha lokukhwelisa i-coronation banner, umboniso owawusebenza njengamabhanki afanayo nabaphambi kwakhe.

Ngo-Matshi 1896, ngaphambi kokuba i-coronation, uNicholas II waqokelela abameli be-Academy of Science kunye nakwamasebe angaphandle. Intlanganiso yagqiba ekubeni i-tricolor ibizwe ngokuba yilizwe, isiRashiya. Imibala yayo ibizwa ngokuba ngumbuso (obomvu, obomvu nomhlophe).

Ukuchazwa kwe-tricolor entsha

Imibala emitsha yeflegi-emhlophe, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye nobomvu-yaba nguzwelonke kwaye yafumana ingcaciso ngokusemthethweni. Ngoko, ifulegi entsha yombuso. Yithini na enye yeentlobo zayo?

I-decoding ethandwa kakhulu yile ilandelayo:

• UMhlophe uyisimboli sokuhlonipha nokunyaniseka;
• Iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - isimboli sokunyaniseka, ubunyulu, ukunyaniseka nokungaqiniseki;
• Ubomvu luphawu lwesibindi, uthando, isibindi nesisa.

Amandla obomvu. I-Blue - I-Lady yethu ihlanganisa iRashiya. UMhlophe inkululeko kunye nokuzimela. Kwakhona le mibala yathetha malunga ne-Commonwealth yase-White, encinci neyona enkulu. Nangona iimbali ezinzima zeli flegi, ngokwenene imibala yayo ayinayo intsingiselo yembali kunye nengqiqo.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuba uRhulumente oNgezelelweyo waqhubeka nokusebenzisa i-tricolor entsha njengombuso. ISoviet Union ayizange ishiye ngokukhawuleza i-tricolor. Ngomnyaka we-1918, i-YM Sverdlov ibeka phambili iiflegi ebomvu ukuvunyelwa, eyaba yifaki yelizwe iminyaka engama-70.

Ngaphambi koVukelo

Kodwa ukuphikisana kwaqhubeka. Ngomhla we-1910, ngo-Meyi 10, kwintlanganiso ekhethekileyo yasungulwa, eyongameli nguMphathiswa wezoBulungisa A. N. Verevkin. Injongo yale ntla nganiso yayikucacisa umbuzo wemibala yombuso, wesizwe. Le ngxaki yenziwa ngabasosayensi abasemagqabini. Nangona umsebenzi wabo omdala, abazange bafumane izizathu ezicacileyo zokuba ziphi na iiflegi. Kodwa ezininzi izazinzulu zazikholelwa ukuba imibala yelizwe ibumnyama, iluphuzi nomhlophe. Ifulegi yaseRashiya ifanele ifake le mibala. Enye iflegi ingasetyenziselwa kuphela iinqanawa zabahwebi kumanzi angaphakathi.

Ukongezelela, abalawuli bamazwe babefuna ukubuyisa iflegi "ekunene" kwimeko ye-300 yeminyaka yeNdlu yaseRomanovs.

Kwisibano sangoJulayi 27, 1912, sagqiba ukufumana enye imbono ukusuka kwinqanaba lokujonga nokusebenza kwamkelekileyo. Oku kwakufuneka kwenziwe ngothumo olukhethekileyo oluqhotyoshelwe kwiSebe leMaritime.

IKhomishini ibanjwe iintlanganiso ezimbini. Uninzi lwamavoti njengesiphumo sagqiba ekubeni iNdibano ekhethekileyo kwiSebe lezoBulungiseleli licebise ukulungiswa okungahambi kakuhle.

NgoSeptemba 10, 1914, iBhunga labaPhathiswa lenze isigqibo sokudlulisa isisombululo semibuzo kwiifologi kwiNkonzo yoLwandle. Kodwa ukususela ngo-1914 urhulumente kunye noluntu alukwazi ukujongana neengxabano eziphilileyo. Siyakwazi ukudala "intsebenziswano" yeeflegi. Indwangu ebomvu-obomvu ebomvu "kwisikhumba" ngoku yayinebala eliphuzi kunye nexhalanga elimnyama elinamabini. KwiMfazwe Yehlabathi Yokuqala, yabonisa ubunye besizwe kunye namandla angama-monarchical.

Kwiminyaka engama-70 kamva

Ngomhla kaNovemba 5, 1990, urhulumente we-RSFSR wanquma ukwenza iiprojekthi zeMbonakaliso kaRhulumente kunye neflegi yelizwe. Ngenxa yale njongo, iKhomishoni kaRhulumente yasungulwa. Ekuhambeni komsebenzi, kwavela imbono yokuvuselela ifulegi ebomvu-obomvu obomvu. Wonke umntu wasixhasa ngokuvumelana. Kwaye ngoNovemba 1, 1991 kwiCongress of People's Deputies yaseRashiya ukulungiswa komGaqo-siseko kwamkelwa. Ukongeza, batshintshe isihloko esichaze i-Flag National.

Ifulegi yomkhosi namhlanje

Kungekudala, ngaphezu kweyodwa umbuzo ophakanyisiwe malunga nokubuyela kwiflegi yomkhosi. Kodwa kukho ukungalungi okukhulu kulo mbandela. Ekubeni i-ajenda echanekileyo nechanekileyo yemibala ayifumanga. Ukongezelela, ifulegi yeentsapho zasekhaya. Ngomqondo, ngoku ukubuyisela ifulegi yaseRashiya - iflegi yeperesi - ayifanelekanga.

Ngelishwa, abaninzi abantu abayiqondi into yepaneli yomkhosi. Ngokusoloko iphosakele ngeflegi yamaNazi, ididanisa nabo belizwe.

Kukho uguqulelo umdla mihla banner - "Kolovrat". iflegi Imperial ke umqondiso olulandelwa ngabo ngabantu nikusingele Rodnoverie. Centre of ngelaphu luphawu mandulo Slavic bezizwana - Kolovrat okanye gromovnik. Xa ookhokho bethu arhola iisimboli solar, bathi wabiza uncedo woothixo. Baye ukubala kuncedo lwabo kushishino emkhosini. Ebuzwa yesivuno, wayefuna ukufumana ulwazi engcwele beluwe ixesha lethu. Ngoku kancinane ecacileyo, nto leyo ethetha iflegi asebukhosini Russian. Kodwa abanye abantu nangoku ubonakalisa ubuhle kunye zoloyiso yoBukhosi baseRashiya.