AmaBhunga Ecumenical, kunye abayichaza

Kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi, ukusukela ekusungulweni ukholo lwamaKristu, abantu bazama ukuthabatha ekutyhilekeni kweNkosi unobunyulu yayo yonke, yaye lzheposledovateli lothando kungamampunge bakhe. Ngenxa yokholo lwabo, xoxa iingxaki canon kwaye iimbono kwibandla lokuqala lamaKristu ziye zamenywa amabhunga ngeemvaba. Ayavumelana amalungu ukholo lwamaKristu kuzo zonke iimbombo lwamaGrike-Roman Empire, ngabalusi nabafundisi yeentlanga amaqaba. Ixesha IV ku VIII imbali ecaweni ngenkulungwane ebizwa ngokuba ixesha ekomelezeni ukholo lokwenyaniso, iminyaka amaBhunga zeformula zibe negalelo kule amandla ayo onke.

nomlando

Ecumenical Council Okokuqala zibaluleke kakhulu amaKristu wayesaphila, kunye nokubaluleka kwazo ityhilwe ngendlela ekhethekileyo. Zonke Orthodox namaKatolika kufuneka nazi nize nibone ukuba ukholelwa, yayiyintoni ibandla lokuqala lamaKristu. Kwimbali ungabona ubuxoki zamahlelo mihla kunye amahlelo, isithi ukuba imfundiso efanayo engqongqo.

Ukususela kanye iziqalelo kwiimfundiso esisigxina yaye slim ezikhoyo ibandla lamaKristu, ezisekelwe phezu iimfundiso ezisisiseko ukholo - njengoko mfundiso ye ubuthixo bukaKristu, kaBathathu Emnye, oyiNgcwele uMoya. Ukongeza, eminye imithetho baye iinkonzo structure ibandla, ixesha kunye oda lwangaphakathi. Ecumenical Council Okokuqala eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ukugcina amanqaku ukholo ngohlobo lokwenyaniso.

Le yintlanganiso yokuqala engcwele

I-First zeformula IBhunga yabanjwa kunyaka-325. Phakathi kwabo babekho kwintlanganiso ye-Ootata Oyingcwele kakhulu edumileyo Spiridon Trimifuntsky, uBhishophu Mirlikiyskiy uNikolay, Bishop of Nisibis, Afanasiy Veliky, kunye nabanye.

Ngelo ibhunga ukuba ugwetyiwe kwaye anathematized imfundiso ka-Arius, ezazingakholelwa ubuthixo kaKristu. Ukuba zivunywe inyaniso lecebo malunga umntu uNyana kaThixo, uThixo uYise yokulingana waphezulu ngokwayo. mbali Church bathi inkcazelo ibhunga ingqikelelo ukholo yabhengezwa emva izilingo elide kunye nezifundo elingazange liye naziphi na izimvo, esibangela ukuba bifurcation kweengcinga kumaKristu ngokwabo. UMoya UThixo wabazungulezisa oobhishophu ukuba uyavuma. Emva kokugqitywa yeBhunga laseNicaea, i-Arius imbuka ubunzima ukufa kakhulu yaye ngesiquphe, kodwa imfundiso yakhe bubuxoki uphila ngxi phakathi abashumayeli zamahlelo.

Zonke izigqibo ezithathwayo Councils Ecumenical, azizange ezaqanjwa-nxaxheba, kodwa zooyise zebandla ziye zavunywa ngokuthatha inxaxheba uMoya oyiNgcwele, kwaye kuphela ngokusekelwe eziBhalweni. Kubo bonke abakholwayo kuye ezikhoyo zokufundisa lwenene kuzisa ubuKristu, oko kuchazwe ngokucacileyo kwaye ngokufutshane kwi amalungu esixhenxe yokuqala UCreed. Le fom nangoku siyema.

Le ebiziweyo yesibini engcwele

YeSibini zeformula IBhunga kwaqhutywa 381 eConstantinople. Isizathu esiyintloko yaba uphuhliso iimfundiso zobuxoki ngubhishophu elaseMakedoni kunye nabalandeli bakhe esandi Doukhobors. iingxelo Heretical zichongwe unyana ka UThixo consubstantial kunye noYise. Esikhova uMoya oyiNgcwele owalathwe amandla enkonzweni yeNkosi, ngathi zezulu.

Ngomhla Cathedral yesibini imfundiso zamaKristu okwenyaniso sirhelele yi KIRILL Ierusalimsky, Grigoriy Nissky, George i wezakwalizwi, ekukho phakathi oobhishophu 150 ababekho. Ooyise engcwele waqinisekisa iimfundiso consubstantiality kunye ukulingana uThixo uYise, uNyana noMoya oyiNgcwele. Ukongeza, abadala ibandla yamkele Nicene Creed, leyo unanamhla is isisikhokelo ibandla.

ebiziweyo wesithathu ongcwele

Okwesithathu zeformula Council wabizwa e-Efese ngowama-431, ibuthe malunga namakhulu amabini oobhishophu. Ootata bagqiba ukuliqonda yeemanyano impilo ezimbini kuKristu, yoluntu waphezulu. Kuye kwagqitywa ukushumayela uKristu njengoko indoda egqibeleleyo, uThixo Ogqibeleleyo Virgin Mary - nguMama kaThixo.

ebiziweyo wesine engcwele

Okwesine zeformula Council, eyayibanjelwe e Chalcedon enkantolo ngokukhethekileyo ukuze kupheliswe zonke Monophysite impikiswano, eyaqala ukusasaza ngeenxa ibandla. Assembly oyiNgcwele, equka 650 ubuveleli, ezichongiweyo imfundiso lokwenyaniso kuphela libandla, ushiyiwe zonke iimfundiso zobuxoki okhoyo. Ootata wayalela ukuba iNkosi uKristu - ke oyinyaniso, lecebo uThixo oyinyaniso umntu. Ngokutsho uthixo wabo itshintsha ngokutsha ukusuka uyise yoluntu, yena wabonakaliswa, ukuze kukhanye Virgin Mary, ngeenxa njengomfo engenasono. Xa ngumfuziselo nobuntu kunye ubuthixo kumanyana umzimba kaKristu, ndawonye yaye ayahlukahlukenanga.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba qhekeko Monophysite wazisa ibandla eninzi ububi. mfundiso zobuxoki ayizange sasitshayelwe de ekupheleni olugwebayo conciliar, yaye ixesha elide ephuhliswe impikiswano phakathi abalandeli imbuka Eutyches kunye Nestorius. Esona sizathu siphambili ngokucalula aba imisebenzi abalandeli amathathu Church - Fedora Mopsuetskogo, Ibas of Edessa, Theodoret nguKoreshi. Ezi Bishops alahlwa koMlawuli Justinian, kodwa umyalelo wakhe zange iqatshelwe yiCawa jikelele. Kwavela impikiswano izahluko ezithathu.

Le ebiziweyo yesihlanu engcwele

Ngeenjongo zokusombulula imbambano bebangisana kwaqhutywa yesihlanu Council of waseConstantinople. Bishops imibhalo alahlwa kanobom. Ukuqaqambisa abalandeli bokwenyaniso wokholo kwavela ingqiqo amaKristu Orthodox kunye yamaKatolika iCawa. Ibhunga sesihlanu ayikwazanga ukuvelisa iziphumo ezinqwenelekayo. Monophysites kwakhiwa ekuhlaleni, apho abazahlulayo ngokupheleleyo yamaKatolika iCawa waqhubeka nokukhuthaza qhekeko ukudala impikiswano ngaphakathi zamaKristu.

ebiziweyo Indah engcwele

Imbali kwi Councils Ecumenical ithi ekulweni nabawexuki Orthodox ixesha enilichithe ngokwaneleyo. EConstantinople enkantolo Cathedral yesithandathu (Trullo), nto leyo ekugqibeleni ibikukuseka inyaniso. Kwintlanganiso, apho abangama-170 oobhishophu ukuba ugwetyiwe, ushiyiwe nemfundiso Monothelites kunye Monophysites. Ngo-Yesu Kristu, wavuma impilo ezimbini - lukaThixo zabantu, yaye ke ngoko amafa ezimbini - kaThixo kunye kwabantu. Emva kokuba monofelianstvo yecawa yawa, yaye malunga namashumi amahlanu eminyaka yebandla lamaKristu babehlala kakhulu cwaka. flow engacacanga New wabonakala kamva kwi qhekeko iinkolelo.

ebiziweyo Seventh engcwele

7 zokugcina Ecumenical Council ebibanjelwe laseNicaea ngo-787 AD. It abangama-367 oobhishophu. Saints abadala ndilahliwe wakukhalimela qhekeko Iconoclast waza wagqiba ukuba icon akufuneki kunqula leyo efanele uThixo kuphela, yaye sinokuhlonela nonqulo pochitatelnoe. Abo amakholwa ababenqula icons ezifana uThixo ngokwakhe, ecaweni. Emva kokuba ibibanjiwe 7 Ecumenical Council, kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-25 iconoclasm yandikhwankqisa ibandla.

intlanganiso engcwele Ixabiso

Asixhenxe AmaBhunga Ecumenical zibaluleke kakhulu kuphuhliso iinkolelo esisiseko ukholo lwamaKristu, ngokusekelwe koko bonke ukholo mihla.

• Lokuqala - yamkele ubuthixo bukaKristu, ukulingana kwakhe uThixo uYise.
• Okwesibini - kugwetywe sisiphambusa eMakedoni, ligatya ngemvelo yobuThixo uMoya oyiNgcwele.
• Okwesithathu - ukuphelisa sisiphambusa ka Nestorius, washumayela abantu wokuqhekeka godman.
• Okwesine - wagalela Igalelo lokugcina imfundiso lobuxoki Monophysitism.
• Okwesihlanu - wayigqiba ngokoyiswa qhekeko nokuvuma uYesu eyamkelweyo impilo ezimbini - yoluntu kunye waphezulu.
• Yesithandathu - wawulahla Monothelites waza wagqiba ekubeni wabonakalaliswa kwemiyolelo kuKristu ezimbini.
• Seventh - wayichitha qhekeko Iconoclast.

Iminyaka amaBhunga Ecumenical ukuba ukuzisa ingqiniseko kunye nokuphelela imfundiso obudala zamaKristu.

Eighth zeformula Council

Ngokwentelekiso kutshanje, usolusapho Konstantinopolskiy Varfolomey wathi silungiselela ipani-Orthodox Eighth zeformula Council. Ubhishophu Ucele zonke iinkokeli ukholo Orthodox Ulihlanganisele Istanbul ukuba amisele umhla wokugqibela lo mcimbi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba 8 ibhunga ngeemvaba kufuneka ibe ithuba ukuqinisa umanyano lwehlabathi Orthodox. Noko ke, kokubizwa yayo ngenkani ekwahlulweni ukholo lwamaKristu.

Kulindeleke ukuba i-Pan-Orthodox Eighth zeformula IBhunga liya unxibe loHlaziyo kunokuba ukuyilahla isimilo. Seven amabhunga zangaphambili uyicacisile echaza iinkolelo ukholo esimsulwa yonke. Ngokuphathelele intlanganiso entsha engcwele, izimvo ahlukana. Ezinye abameli zeCawa Orthodox bakholelwa ukuba solusapho walibala kuphela malunga kokubizwa imithetho, kodwa iziprofeto ezininzi. Asixelela ukuba 8 Ecumenical iBhunga engcwele iya kuba ngabawexuki.

Fathers amaBhunga zeformula

IBandla Orthodox Russian ibhiyozelwa ngoMeyi 31, umhla memory zezindlu zooyise ezingcwele, ngubani wachitha amaBhunga ezisixhenxe Ecumenical. Ukuba Bishops abathatha inxaxheba entlanganisweni, kuloo ndlu yecawa baba luphawu engqondweni ibandla uqobo. uluvo Omnye umntu engazange abe igunya liphezulu kwizinto nenkani, umthetho olusondeleneyo wokholo. Fathers amaBhunga Ecumenical ehlonitshwa ukuya ngoku, abanye babo zibonakaliswa abangcwele.

imithetho ukholo lokwenyaniso

Abaseki Holy baye bashiya ngasemva izinqumo, okanye, ngamanye amazwi, imithetho amaBhunga zeformula, ekufuneka ilandelwe onke loo zabefundisi kunye bena mwabo ebandleni labo kunye nobomi zobuqu.

Imithetho ezisisiseko saint yokuqala yentlanganiso:

• Abefundisi abalindelekanga elinikwe abantu ngokwabo ngokwabo.
• Ubungakanani elingcwele ingabi kuguqula amakholwa.
• Umbingeleli akakwazi endlwini umfazi lowo akazalani wakhe.
• Bishops kufuneka anyulwe yi nabaveleli yavunywa yi-Metropolitan.
• Ubhishophu akazange ayamkele ubudlelane kubantu wamsika omnye ngubhishophu. imiyalelo uMthetho abize imali Bishops 'kabini ngonyaka.
• Kuqinisekiswa yi ngegunya iphezulu ezithile amagosa aphakamileyo zodidi phezu kwezinye. It aluvumelekanga kubonelela ubhishophu ngaphandle kwemvume intlanganiso jikelele kunye Metropolitan.
• IYerusalem ubishophu kangakanani efanayo Metropolitan.
• Xa isixeko elinye kuba nabaveleli ezimbini.
• umntu ekhohlakele bangamkelwa ebulungiselelini lwababingeleli.
• Iwile adlabhuke isikhundla engcwele.
• Ukwenza izigqibo inguquko backslid ngayo.
• Wonke ofayo kufuneka ayalele iimfihlakalo ezingcwele.
• Bishops kunye nabefundisi awukwazi lokungavinjwa ukusuka isichotho sisichotho.
• Abefundisi ayikwazi ukuthetha ngayo kunenzala.
• Akuvunyelwe Waziguqisa ngemihla wePentekoste nangeCawa.

Imithetho ezisisiseko kwintlanganiso yesibini ye-saint:

• Wonke imbuka kufuneka phantsi masisingelwe phantsi.
• Bishops kufuneka andise amandla ayo ngaphaya mmandla yayo.
• Isigqibo Postanavlivayutsya izimiso uba- abaguqukayo.
• Zonke iintlawuliso abalawuli ibandla kufuneka kuphandwe ngazo.
• Church wamkela abathi uThixo omnye.

Umthetho osisiseko intlanganiso wesithathu saint: naziphi eziphambili uyakuthintela waqamba imfundiso entsha.

Imithetho esisiseko wentlanganiso yesine saint:

• Bonke abakholwayo kufuneka agcine konke ekwavunyelwana nemihlangano edlulileyo.
• Ukulawula imali degree icawa bohlwaywe ngokuqatha.
• Bishops, abefundisi neemonki kufuneka benze kwimicimbi zehlabathi ngenxa lexhoba.
• Ithe akufuneki ukukhokela imvume phithi.
• Iimonki nabefundisi akufuneki kungena emkhosini okanye isikhundla yehlabathi.
• Abefundisi akufuneki ukumangalela esihlalweni sokugweba yehlabathi.
• Bishops akufuneki ibe kwimicimbi yecawa abanaluncedo kwi nezasekuhlaleni.
• Iimvumi abafundi kufuneka ukutshata nabafazi heterodox.
• Iimonki neentombi kufuneka ukutshata.
• Kule godlo kufuneka afune ikhaya yehlabathi.

Zizonke amaBhunga ezisixhenxe Ecumenical wazisa iseti yemithetho ziyafumaneka kuwo onke amakholwa kwi ncwadi ekhethekileyo ngokomoya ngoku.

endaweni yesiphelo

AmaBhunga Ecumenical bakwazi ukugcina licocekile lokwenyaniso ukholo lwamaKristu luphela. Abefundisi eziphezulu nangoku kukhokelela umhlambi bakhe uBukumkani bukaThixo, pravomysliyu kunye nokuqonda izimiso neemfundiso wokholo.