Aleksandr Fodorovich Kerensky: biography, uvavanyo ubuntu

I-October Revolution kunye ekuweni impembelelo Russian uBukhosi malunga ngembali yehlabathi, indima ephambili kule phuhliso wadlala Alexander Kerensky. nkqubo Biography amahla zizaliswe ndinyuka. Uvavanyo yobuntu bakhe ise ngumba mlonyeni ngo izangqa zembali kunye nezopolitiko. Noko ke, ukukhanyela intsingiselo yayo ngenxa yembali Russia akunakwenzeka.

imvelaphi

Alexander Fedorovich izinyanya balo abefundisi. Ngokutsho yobuqhokolo bakhe, zonke kookhokho, leyo ke abaziqondanga ecaweni. Wavele, baza bahlala kuloo mmandla kwiphondo Penza, ngokuba kukho kwilali kerenki. Ababhali-mbali ukudibanisa igama Kerensky nale ethnonym. uyise Alexander kaThixo, kunye nabo bonke abazalwana bakhe, wangena sobufundisi. Noko ke, ibandla akunjalo ephefumlelweyo kuye. Emva kokuphumelela waqalisa ukufundisa. Ke kaloku emva kwethuba wafumana imfundo ephakamileyo e Kazan. Unina Alexander Fedorovich yaba noblewoman amafa. Uyise wayebambe isithuba ophezulu War kwiSebe. UTatomkhulu wavuka ithamsanqa balo. Ngoko ke, lomtshato yakhe ungumfundisi ovela Kazan kwabangela ungquzulwano kunye nentsapho yakhe.

ebuntwaneni Alexander kaThixo

Fedor Kerensky, ngenxa ukuqondana, kwanangaphambi kokuzalwa Alexander wafundisa enye yezopolitiko ezaziwayo-kakuhle kwaye revolution - Vladimir Lenin. Ezimbini iintsapho (Ulyanov Kerensky) zigcinwe nobuhlobo yaye ngokufuthi kwaziswa kunye nabanye. Ngaphezu koko, Fedor ithatha unonophelo lwabantwana emva unyana omdala le Ulyanov ababulawa lokungcatsha. Ngoxa izihlobo amabanjwa ezopolitiko kwakunzima kakhulu ukuya esikolweni zindala okanye ukufumana umsebenzi karhulumente. ULenin wakwazi ukuya umbulelo eyunivesithi becala kwiingcebiso utitshala wakhe.

Ngomnyaka asibhozo anethoba Kerenskys intsapho yakowabo yafudukela Tashkent. Apho, Alexander ufunda esikolweni. Uye umfanekiso umfundi ngempumelelo. Yena uyazithanda zokubambela udlala umculo, ngokufuthi ukuthatha inxaxheba yimveliso engahlawulwayo. Waphumelela kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo kunye imbasa yegolide. Emva konyaka eSt Petersburg University ifumana umfundi entsha - Alexander Kerensky. Biography wezopolitiko sele kwangaphambili ukuba ungumfundi.

I revolution lokuqala

Ngowe-1904, Kerenskiy uAleksandr Fodorovich waphumelela i-Faculty of Law waza waqalisa ukusebenza njengegqwetha. Ngelo xesha kukho nabaqheleneyo wakhe Socialist. ngomhla wethoba Januwari asithoba anamanci Ngomnyaka wesihlanu ithatha indawo umngcelele ukuya Winter Palace. Abantu abaqhelekileyo babefuna ukuvakalisa ukungoneliseki kwabo ubomi bezopolotiko belizwe kumlawuli. Nangona kunjalo, emva komjikelo ngoxolo waphathwa bacinezelwa amajoni kunye Cossacks. Nxamnye nabo ntliziyo abasindayo i "Sunday", iinkqubo zolwaphulo aye asungulwa. Alexander Kerensky wajoyina umbutho amagqwetha ukuba bakhusele umtyholwa.

Ukongeza, i-Kerensky wabhala amanqaku cinezela ezahlukeneyo yobusoshiyali. Elinye iphephandaba, nayo nokurekhodwa Alexander - "petrel" zazihlolwa. Ukuba igqwetha weza isigunyaziso search, apho wafumana isixhobo kunye amaphetshana ezimbalwa yotshintsho olululo. Emva koko entolongweni. Kerensky igcinwe Kresty eyaziwa de entwasahlobo,-ezintandathu ezisithoba. Emva kwale isigxina kokuba lalungiswa, kodwa kunjalo wathumela Turkestan.

E Tashkent, kusapho neembacu kwezopolitiko ukusuka kwikomkhulu ayizange ihlale ixesha elide. Kwiinyanga ezine kamva, Kerensky wabuyela eSt Petersburg. Nangona yosongo emapoliseni, kwaye ukugxothwa zakutshanje Alexander ubuyela inxaxheba kwiinkqubo ekuvakaleni kwelizwi. Eli xesha, udlala indima yoMkhuseli abalimi abaliqela bashiya ngamafa. Ukuya ku asithoba anamanci seshumi ubandakanyeke kwezinye izilingo eziphakamileyo-profile eziliqela.

NgoJanuwari, Kerenskiy uAleksandr Fodorovich abe barristers. ukuqeshwa entsha uthumela kakhulu igqwetha. Uyaqhubeka ukubamba umgca zokhuselo yamasoshiyali mbuso. Emva kwexesha elithile kwindawo entsha uba wokukhusela intloko Turkestan SRs. Nangona uqikelelo ongenathemba iyakwazi ukukhusela abamangalelwa ukusuka isohlwayo sentambo.

Le elandelayo eliphezulu-profile ukuqotywa Alexander kwakunjalo le radicals Armenian. Ngelo xesha linye uphando baqala ukudubula abalimi e Lensk, ezafumana impendulo bonke-Russian. Emva koko, amapolisa baqalisa ukucinezela onke amagqwetha kunye namanani oluntu, abengaphesheya ecaleni yabasebenzi. Ngokwahlukileyo njalo evela kurhulumente, Alexander Fedorovich ukulawula kunye nesihamba ngakumbi phezulu leri omsebenzi. Ngomnyaka weshumi, wonyulwa uSihlalo we Congress yeSine sabenza zorhwebo kunye noshishino, kuba Kerensky. Biography of lwezintlu ephezulu nkqubo iqala emva ukuqeshwa. Emva konyaka, Alexander wonyulwa kuRhulumente Duma. Kweli nqanaba, kufuneka uphume na iqela SR, njengoko isigqibo ukuba ukusebenzisana unyulo. Ngoko Kerensky nemelene Trudoviks encinane-eyaziwa iqela, ukuba emva konyaka, yena nabathetheli.

I-entry epalamente

ngenkqubo yezopolitiko kule Duma, inkokeli Trudoviks inika isibheno banzi nezazi kunye nabantu abaqhelekileyo. izakhono zakhe ubugagu ayenomona ngenxa namasekela onke amaqela ekhohlo-iphiko. Kweentetho lomlilo igqwetha yangaphambili zisoloko kumbindi ingqalelo abezindaba. Ukongeza kwimisebenzi kwi Duma, yena kananjalo lilungu lentlangano i-Grand Orient paramasonskuyu. Ingqwalasela ephambili yale qela currency ezinye okulinda ngomgaqo-nkqubo. Kulo nyaka elinesithandathu, Alexander waba ngomnye ezopolitiko ezigqamileyo eRashiya. ubomi Kerensky kaThixo nzima kakhulu. njalo, ucupho amapolisa, impilo enkenenkene badla kukhokelela luvo breakdowns. Malunga impilo enkenenkene wakhumbula bexesha ka Kerensky, kunye nenzala yakhe. egciniwe, ukusuka apho kulandela ukuba Alexander liye ngokuphindaphindiweyo Yaqoba ukusuka ubuhlungu obukhulu. Kodwa waqhubeka ukusebenza.

Ngomnyaka weshumi elinesithandathu imfazwe Russian licudisa onke ayo. Ngokwahlukileyo umthetho ukuthintelwa ngokokuqeshwa abantu bomthonyama, * uKhesare Nicholas ugqiba kukukhwezela Turkestan, ukuba abuyise ilahleko ngaphambili. Labantu bendawo enza ukuvukela sigqibo. Ukuphanda isiganeko uDuma kudala uthumo olukhethekileyo, ephethwe Kerensky. Emva kokufika e Tashkent Alexander eziqhitsini ithi lonke ityala ngenxa yokugonyamela owambatha kunye neSebe Interior kunye namagosa karhulumente wengingqi. Le ngxelo onesibindi babawa novelwano ukusuka benkululeko kunye nenkcaso ku ulawulo lwangoku.

February revolution

Ngomnyaka weshumi elinesixhenxe Russian Empire nokulatyuza yokunganeliseki kunye nolawulo tsarist. Qala zoqhankqalazo awanalo. Abasebenzi kubetha. Imeko uba njenge inani enkulu bamkelwe ukusuka ngaphambili. abalimi Simple abayiqondi kutheni imfazwe, apho amakhulu amawaka amajoni babulala yonke imihla. Xa kwizikhundla eziphezulu amandla baqale ukuthetha malunga ngokubhukuqwa lobuzwilakhe. Enye sisetyenziswe phambili utshintsho olukhulu ezinjalo Kerensky. Biography revolution luqala Februwari intetho yakhe edumileyo kwi Duma. Yena ekuhleni ubiza ukuba niwugqithe umyalelo waseburhulumenteni, enyanisweni - ekupheliseni ebonakalayo lweli lobuzwilakhe. Iqala i qhankqalazo. Nxamnye iminqweno Duma of uNicholas II kudala urhulumente sethutyana, ebandakanya Alexander Fedorovich. Lowo udla ngokuthetha abantu abaqhelekileyo. Ngokuqinisekileyo ukuqhubeka ukunxibelelana kunye neenkokeli alwayo abaxhobileyo bavukeli.

komnyaka weshumi elinesixhenxe ubambe isithuba loMphathiswa wezoBulungisa. Njengoko igqwetha owayesakuba, yena ezazi kakuhle nezo kwenkqubo yezomthetho yoBukhosi baseRashiya. Ngako oko, ngoko nangoko uqala nakwiinguqulelo ngqindilili. nkqubo Kerensky luphawulwa amanyathelo angawo. Ekhululwa entolongweni bonke abavukeli. Abaninzi zinganakwa nibuyela evela amakhonkco yaye ngoko nangoko aqale ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ebomini kwezopolitiko.

Utshintsho ngokupheleleyo awaye- nkqubo. Ibhangayo kwiinkundla eziphakamileyo, kukho ngokuhlanganisa eli qela labagwebi. abagwebi abaninzi kunye nabatshutshisi ukuba uchithe. Kwaye kwezinye iimeko, izizathu zoku wamagqwetha aqatha.

emkhosini

umkhosi Imisebenzi Kerensky yaqala emva kokuba uRhulumente engunobambiso le ntlekele. amagunya Allied Entente ifuna ukuba iRussia waqhubeka inxaxheba emfazweni. Noko ke, wobusoshiyali ezininzi ingqalelo ngokwembono kakhulu. Ngenxa ungquzulwano batsho esongela bahlukane. Kodwa ke amandla ufikela yokuNyenyisa imiQathango kwaye kudala uDuma womanyano. Alexander F. ufumana isithuba nguMphathiswa of War. Xa indawo yakhe entsha, yena, ngokunjalo kwi edlulileyo, iqala iinguqu ezinkulu-scale. Izikhundla ebaluleke kakhulu nabo. Kunokuba iinjengele abanamava wabeka abantu abathatha inxaxheba February Revolution. Isithuba of Commander Supreme zithanda kubantu Brusilov.

Noko ke, ukutshintsha imeko phambi iinjengele ezintsha abakwazi. imikhosi Russian ziqhubeke ilahleko enkulu. Amaqokobhe zisekhona akonelanga. Emva kokuba Iinguqu umkhosi kunye buthathaka Umthethisi amajoni emshiya endle. Enye yeendlela kule meko Kerensky. Urhulumente yethutyana, ukuze ayeke thile umkhosi abaleka, idala ngokuzithandela ezizodwa "kumaqela ukufa." Le wahlela bubukho leeyunithi ezilolo hlobo iya kuba nempumelelo ze ukulwa umoya ubuyele ngaphambili.

Le kuthandwa omkhulu phakathi kwabantu

Ngeli xesha Kerensky athandwa kakhulu eRashiya. Yena inkqenkqeza rhoqo kwiintlanganiso, esithi iintetho omlilo. Isihlwele uyalithanda. Alexander F. ngocoselelo abayinyamekelayo umfanekiso yakhe 'ilizwi abantu. " Yena ekusebenzeni indlela ibhatyi wamajoni unxiba iinwele elifutshane, umsebenzi eqhelekileyo zesiqhelo. Noko ke, nefuthe revolution kudambe. Eli lizwe iingxaki zoqoqosho nezentlalo womelele. Kwiindawo ezininzi batsho ukunqongophala kokutya. ngokutsha Bold-mkhosi, nto leyo ekuqaleni wabonakala kubantu ngenkoliseko, hayi kuyibonakalisile kusini na iziphumo. Le ngxaki isetyenziswa yi kwiBolsheviks. Abantu baqale ukusasaza amarhe ukuba urhulumente bangena kwisivumelwano Amanyeneyo yaye ukulungele ukuba alwe imfazwe ukuya ekupheleni. iindaba loo nto emehlweni kakhulu abantu ngaphambili. Abaninzi wayenethemba lokuba babeza kuba nako ukubuyela ekhaya emva ngokubhukuqwa lobuzwilakhe.

Kerensky kunye revolution 1917

NgoJulayi, Alexander Fedorovich uba iNkulumbuso. Yena ixhaswa yiPalamente. Intloko karhulumente Kerensky uqala ezikhubekisayo kwi ngaphambili. Noko ke, ukuwa umkhosi akakwazi ukulwa ngempumelelo. Lohlaselo yaphela ukusilela. Ezinye Iinjengele wayikhupha imikhosi ukuba ikomkhulu ukuseka ubuzwilakhe emkhosini, yaye "ukubuyisela order". Noko ke, urhulumente wethutyana awukuvumeli sicatshulwa eentloko ezaxhobela iCrimea Jikelele in Petrograd.

ULenin Kerensky ezimelene omnye komnye. Ngo-Oktobha, kuba kucacile ukuba iiBolsheviks belungiselela yokusebenza. Umkhosi Ekugqibeleni apheliswe. Amajoni yonke amalungiselelo kumahlokondiba kunye bambamba namandla. Alexander F. inokuyiphelisa epalamente kwaye eneneni iba uZwilakhe. Ngeli xesha baniqunga yamaBolshevik wamisa wempi abantu ukuba bavukele. Phantsi igunya seThutyana Rhulumente uhlala phantse yokulwa-ukulungele iiyunithi, leyo nako ukumthintela imvukelo. Kerensky is ngamandla uzama ukuba beyiseke abantu ekampini e Petrograd kwicala labo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba bazalise lenguqu ukuya kwinkampu wamaKomanisi. Ngenxa yoko, i-Winter Palace iye nkobe. Alexander F. basinda. Ukuvavanywa yobuntu Kerensky kunye unozakuzaku isikhundla waseMelika ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. Njengoko kuchaziwe yi ngonozakuzaku, usihlalo karhulumente nje abonisa ubuchule bobunkokeli lobunzima, kodwa balwela kuphela umfanekiso wabo. Naziphi abalungiseleli ngubani ukuthandwa phakathi kwabantu kwakhe emsebenzini ngoko nangoko.

Flight kanye izwe

Emva kokuba iiBolsheviks bambamba igunya Petrograd Kerensky wabaleka esixekweni. Koko wabakhuthaza ukuba iinjengele ezahlukeneyo, kodwa akukho namnye zange ndibuthabathe. Ngenxa yoko, oko ku ngasentla. Emva kwexesha elithile, Alexander ifika eFinland. Apho isebenza eLondon. Iqala imisebenzi yezopolitiko aphesheya. Ibhekisela abapolitiki Western eYurophu yintengiso ukungenelela eRashiya. Uhlala e-Paris. Emva kokuba kuthinjwe isixeko ngamaNazi ihamba kwakhona, eli xesha eUnited States. Xa ekuthinjweni, wophila ukuya asibhozo anethoba. Ke wangcwatywa eLondon.

Uvandlakanyo ubuntu Kerensky xa

Imibono malunga Aleksandre Fodoroviche ziyahluka. Abaxhasi urhulumente waseSoviet kunye Oktobha Revolution, a populist ndicinga ngako ungumngcatshi abantu. umsebenzi wayo abahlelwa ekhawuntaleni-revolution. Iimpawu Kerensky ngexesha yiSoviet into embi kakhulu. Yena yayigqalwa netyala ntlekele kunye War Civil. Noko ke, kule gqira kwakukho iintetho malunga kunokwenzeka ukubuya kwakhe USSR. Noko ke, abazange baye baphumelela. mbali Leftist bayavuma ukuba Alexander wayekufuna kakhulu kwaye bangangxameli ukuba namandla.

abachasi elalisakuba yiSoviet siyakholwa Kerensky ungumngcatshi. Noko ke, kule meko, yena otyholwa Ukungenzi ngephanyazo nzima iRashiya.