Aldan River, Yakutia: inkcazo, iimpawu kunye nendawo

Kwiindawo enkulu kummandla Yakutia, ukwehla njengoko kumantla yaseKhabarovsk Territory, ebaleka omnye imijelo inkulu Lena River - umlambo Aldan. Ngokutsho kuguqulelo mnye, iguqulelwe kwi Tunguska Igama layo lithetha "intlanzi" kwelinye - yinto igama Evenk kwaye bubonakala "icala", oko kukuthi, ekungeneni lateral.

geography

Imvelaphi komlambo kuthatha kwicala langasentla iba ephakeme. Ikufuphi nomda Yakutia kunye nommandla Amur. Ayahamba na Aldan ithafa Isitishi enamatye emxinwa, yenza inani elikhulu Ungqameko kunye nezinyuko. Ukusuka kwindawo apho nemingenela kungena Aldan Timpton kunye Uchur, umlambo uqalisa entilini, uze ingena ecaleni ithafa intermountain. Esezantsi ye Aldan River iqhekeka ngokwamasebe eziliqela, ukwakha imijelo elide kunye iziqithi ezininzi. Ngaphakathi kwindawo eqokelela amanzi kukho inani elikhulu amachibi (ngaphezu kwama-50,000), inkulu kuzo kuthathwa toko omkhulu.

Inxalenye kummandla welizwe lethu, apho umlambo Aldan, uye iimeko kunokuba kakhulu zemozulu. Ngo-Oktobha amachibi zizele ngumkhenkce. Ngaba Akukho ngaphandle kunye Aldan - ice phezu komlambo wamgcinela ubuncinane iinyanga ezisixhenxe, a owayevunyelwe-up iqala ngo May.

Ubude lonke ubude umlambo 2273 km. Ngu umthamo ukugeleza yenye imilambo ezinkulu eRashiya. Kuba Lena River iphantse-yesithathu. Area Aldan River imalunga 730 ophosa square.

zamanzi

ixesha ziimpuphuma ithatha ukususela ngoMeyi ukuya kuJulayi. Ngeli xesha, inqanaba lamanzi liphuma ukuya kwiimitha ezili-10, tu na ukuya ku-48 amawaka cubic metres. m / s. Izikhukula kusengenzeka kwisithuba ukususela ngo-Agasti ukuya kuSeptemba. ukusetyenziswa Winter mncane - hayi ngaphezulu kwe-4% ngonyaka ngamnye. Umlambo kakhulu imvula nekhephu. Khemikhali Ukubunjwa emanzini-calcium yesoda, ubukho kuwo of neetyuwa zichithakala nje ngaphezulu kwe-0.3 g / l.

Omlambo i-umlambo Aldan

Ngaphesheya komlambo kukho ubude nemingenela ezinkulu nezincinane 275, ubude ogama iyonke yi ngeekhilomitha ezili-10. I kunazo Uchur, wayo amanzi ngomlomo yi 1350 cubic metres. m / s. It is a uviko lasekunene Aldan 812 km ubude. Iguqulwe evela Evenk Uchur lithetha "ovuthuzayo", "sisinkantazi". Phantse wonke umendo wayo komlambo phantse acofwa ziintaba, ngoko ke channel jiko kakhulu.

Meyi yaziwa njengomnye mlambo elikhulu Yakutia - isebe Aldan River yamanzi ezingaphezu kwama-170 square metres. m. Ngokutsho ubude yabelwe phakathi kwazo zonke Amga, enqamleza phantse eyayingqalene efikelela kuyo i Aldan on. ezantsi kwayo ogcwele yinkukuma iingqalutye, kwaye ngokwezahlulo aphezulu ungabona iingxangxasi ezintle anamandla amatye, nto leyo ibenomtsalane kakhulu kubakhenkethi nabo imisebenzi phandle.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto ngabafakwa uviko, leyo apho phezu komlambo Aldan, aziwa Timpton, tori eqinileyo, tumar, Bario, Tompo.

Flora

Isitya kuyo hlathi. I-inshorensi Umhlaba lohlukile. ngayo umahluko omkhulu emacaleni ekunene nasekhohlo echibini. Ngoko ke, kwicala lasekunene kwi kwamaxandeka yomlambo esilawulwa zemigodi kunye Goltseva kunye nomhlaba permafrost podzolic encotsheni ephakeme. On masimu ngaphezu wezandyondyo kakhulu ixhaphake imihlaba permafrost hlathi.

Kwezo ndawo, apho umfula ugeleza Aldan, nohlaza inazo iiyantlukwano kuthelekiswa namanye yethafa Central Yakut. Endaweni yoko, emnandi, emathafeni kunye nenkangeleko nomgxobhozo, kugquba amahlathi coniferous kunye avuthulukayo. iintlobo Tree - pine, nespruce, ezinde, larch nemisedare zaseBhabhiloni. Nespruce dominates kuphela emazantsi esityeni. amahlathi Pine bahlale ezindaweni encinane izidanga, ezincotsheni nasentshonalanga. Kwakhona izityalo ezininzi ezinqabileyo ezisengozini kukhula Aldan River isitya.

Ngo August - Septemba, abantu balapha babutha amakhowa isivuno esihle kule ndawo. Bona kugcwele amakhowa, russula, Aspen.

kulona

Izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini zimelwe isele ubukhulu becala eSiberia kunye necikilishe. Of iintaka abahlala kwezi ndawo dipper, Indwe emnyama, abamnyama Mallard. Njengoko kunye nespruce icula, iposi, jay, thrush blue-ezingwevu - intaka nayo alifumaneki kwezinye iingingqi Yakutia.

Xa isitya esemazantsi ohleli zasendle adle, amaxhama must, voles, pika. I elfin Inani eliphezulu Yayimisedare amabhere mdaka, yaye apho umlambo kuthatha iindawo intaba musa ngumkhenkce ebusika, abantu otter eqhelekileyo kakhulu.

Abaliqela iintlobo ngeentlobo zeentlanzi idume umlambo yayo Aldan. Yakutia ngaphandle isizathu kumngcipheko ethandwayo evela Abalobi. Umlambo esisityebi kunene iintlanzi - zakhele, trout, grayling, Roach eSiberia, Pike, sturgeon.

ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo

Ngomhla kwintsimi isitya kukho imali enkulu yezimbiwa ezifana namalahle, negolide, linguMika. Aldan - umzila ibalulekileyo, nto leyo enika ukuthunyelwa imveliso iinkampani zemigodi, kwakunye nokungeniswa kwempahla eyahlukeneyo abahlali ezindaweni kunye namashishini ecaleni lomlambo. The main pier - iilali oko Khandyga, Ust-Maya, yaye isixeko Eldikan Tommot. Kwama-1600 km kunawo Aldan.

Xa la mazwe ahlala kanzima Dalstroi. Namhlanje, a lot kwezixa zentlanzi kunye zemvelo, nto idume umlambo Aldan, kutsala umdla wabakhenkethi nabalobi. Edge sisondela ubuhle bayo amangalisayo unspoilt nobuhle. Lakes nemiwonyo, imilambo eziwa zivela yeengxondorha, kumanxweme enamatye umlambo axela look umdla.

indaba

Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba abantu unyawo wokuqala iseti phezu kweli lizwe 40 leminyaka BC. Abantu bokuqala ababehlala apha kuzingela inyathi, mammoths, ayakhe ngexesha kwintlambo. Emva koko ke wanyamalala ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwayo, yaye emva kweminyaka 30,000 kula iindawo kwafika elinye labemi into kuzingelwa adle kunye na- maxhama. Okwangoku, phezu lomlanjana Aldan wafumana malunga neziza ezilikhulu sokubandakanyeka Ibronzi kunye Ages Iron.

yokuwela

iibhulorho ezikhoyo inxalenye imxinwa emlanjeni iinkuni nokwadala. Xa emanzini badla ukutshintshela kwenye ibhanki kwenye ikhutshwa ukusuka ukuba bawele. yokuwela Winter kwenzeka emkhenkceni, kunye ferry ehlotyeni. Ngaphezu koko, ishedyuli engqongqo ongambethe. Phenyane isebenza kuphela ngexesha leeyure zasemini kunye nomthwalo ngokupheleleyo. Kulo offseason, kwibhulorho ayikho kwaphela. Namhlanje iphela ulwakhiwo ibhulorho entsha emendweni federal ngaphesheya komlambo Aldan, ubude bayo zizonke kweemitha 970.