Pack ice: omsebenzi osemqoka, ukwakha, ukwabiwa

Pack ice izinto isenzeko ezikhethekileyo yendalo. Oku waphawula kuphela ezinezinga yomntla emhlabeni, kummandla Arctic. Xa eli gama lisetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo zonke umkhenkce iyalandela, kodwa emva izifundo ezininzi Imiqulu beliqela eyahlukileyo. Bona babe eziliqela kwiipropati ukwahlula kwezinye iintlobo omkhenkce. Inkcazo "ice-zeminyaka emininzi" nelithi, ngoko kwenzeka malunga frequency efanayo.

Iimpawu ngumkhenkce pack

bamazwe Arctic, oomatiloshe kunye nabahambi ngaphambili ukutyelela kwi ezinezinga emantla, bayazi kakuhle ukuba loo ice umqulu. Le meko kuzisa kwiinkathazo boyisa entla.

Ezi begcina ice elwandle, ubunzima elikhulu zabo, kwaye konga phezulu kakhulu. eyenzeke ngengozi kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu ukuba nkqu isitya kakhulu mihla. Pack ice ezahlukileyo eziqhelekileyo ngeempawu zazo. Ngokutsho kweengcali, pack wabumba ngamanzi olwandle, nezinyuko zayo mkhulu kweemitha ezi-3. Kuyinto luthe kwe ice eziqhelekileyo ngenxa isiqulatho ityuwa iphantsi kakhulu.

Inkqubo yokwakha pack ice

Ice eqalisiweyo ezinezinga kumntla kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi. Xa amanzi olwandle ngumkhenkce, kukho inkqubo kwetyuwa, amanzi ebesoloko zinyibilikisiwe kwinqanaba etyuwa ngaphantsi kunolo yokuqala. Le miqulu inkalo, leyo iinkqubo yovalo namaxesha thawing eziliqela.

amanzi oLwandle saphule emkhenkceni, ukwakha kwazo kunye floes ice enkulu. Emva koko, ukusuka floes ice enkulu kwimiboniso amancinci awucimeki, siko elo ke atshintshelwe zibe iipasile. Oko zimpawu ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo fom. Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo iipasile: ukusuka floes ice caba nezinkulu enkulu, ezinemithi phezu komhlaba ulwandle.

Uphando lufumanise ukuba, phambi kokuba sahamba ngomkhombe, iphekhi ice kunabela imijikelo 2 ukuqanda razmerzaniya yonyaka. Kwaye oku kubangelwa mninzi yalo phezulu kunye etyuwa ephantsi. Isibakala sokuba thawing kunye drip amanzi anetyuwa kwakhona 'amazinyo elwandle. Oomatiloshe ukuba pack ice endala nokuba ezifanelekileyo amanzi acocekileyo, apho ungalungisa ukutya.

Indawo 'zokuhlala'

OluHanjiswa pack womkhenkce i-Arctic Ocean. Xa elasezantsi umhlaba, indawo Antarctic, ukuba akunjalo kuyo nayiphi na enye ocean ukuba azenzeki. Ukuxinana eliphezulu kwaye iyingozi indlela yokhukuliseko unokuthi uthintele intshukumo nkqu koyena icebreakers zenyukliya. Kungenxa yesi sizathu umendo ifuna phakathi wethu Strait kunye Murmansk ayikho ngenxa ezinezinga eliphezulu (North Pole), kwaye kunxweme osemantla kwilizwekazi. I-Izinga eliphezulu elifutshane ngumntu wesithathu, kodwa intshukumo pack umkhenkce yenza kube nzima kakhulu. Ngoko ke, akukho kusetyenziswa unxibelelwano yezothutho rhoqo ngayo. Kakade ke, kukho iinqanawa ezininzi badlula le khosi nzima. Iingcali siyazi ukuba kungenzeka ukuba uhambe ngayo, ingakumbi phantsi neempelesi le icebreaker. Kodwa kwalapha rhoqo okwangoku ukuba akukho kuqhutywa.