Yokuphuma Velocity

Nayiphi na into nikhutshelwe phezulu, kungekudala emva koko, phezu komhlaba, nokuba ilitye, iphepha okanye iintsiba elula. Ngelo xesha, i-satellite waqalisa isithuba isiqingatha senkulungwane eyadlulayo, esisikhululo isithuba okanye nenyanga kuqhubeka ukuba ukujikeleza, ilawula zabo, ngokungathi abazange ukusebenzisa amandla yomtsalane iplanethi yethu. Kutheni le nto isenzeka? Kutheni nenyanga usabise kuwa Emhlabeni, kwaye Umhlaba hayi lisondela iLanga? Musa ukwenza kubo gravitation iphela?

siyazi kwikhondo physics esikolweni, ukuba gravitation jikelele izenzo nakweyiphi komzimba. Ngoko kusengqiqweni ukucinga ukuba kukho into ethile amandla, lwaze ifuthe womxhuzulane. ibizwa centrifugal la mandla. ukusebenza kwawo kulula ukuba uzive ebotshelelwe omnye ekupheleni msonto umthwalo encinane uze uzive uhlazi- oko kwisangqa. Okuya uba mkhulu umhlaba ubucotha ukujikele- womsonto kwempixano eyomeleleyo, yaye icotha siya ukutshintsha-umthwalo inkulu amathuba luya kuwa phantsi.

Ngoko zikufutshane kakhulu ingcamango "yokuphuma Velocity." Ngamafutshane, oko ingachazwa isantya, avumele nantoni na ukuba boyise nokutsala umzimba yasezulwini. Ngenxa wasezulwini umzimba emhlabeni, nenyanga yawo, inkqubo nelanga okanye omnye enze. Space Velocity na yonke into enambuzelayo emzileni wawo. Hi ndlela leyi, ubukhulu kunye nokumila komzila besixhobo isithuba zixhomekeke ubukhulu kunye ngakwicala uqina ukuba into leyo ngexesha injini cima ikhompyutha, ukuphakama apho isiganeko senzeke.

Escape Velocity ke ngeentlobo ezine. I mfutshane kubo - oku kuqala. Eli lelona zinga iphantsi, apho kufuneka ube kwisiphekepheke, wada yena wangena orbit setyhula. ixabiso bayo bangonakala kumiselwa ndlela ilandelayo:

V1 = √μ / r, apho

μ - ukusoloko geocentric omxhuzulane (μ = 398603 * 10 (m3 / s2 9));

r - umgama ukusuka ekuqaleni kuyo ukuya kumbindi womhlaba.

Ngenxa yokuba ukuma iplanethi yethu akukho sphere ofezekileyo (kwi izibonda kubonakala ukuba atshabalalisa kancinci), umgama ukusuka embindini ukuya umphezulu kakhulu kwi-ikhweyitha - 6378,1 • 10 (3) m, kwaye liphantsi kwi izibonda - 6356,8 • 10 (3) m ukuba sithatha ixabiso avareji -. • 6371 10 (3) m, sinokuyifumana V1 ilingana 7,91 km / s.

Kukokona Velocity isithuba sidlula eli xabiso, ukuba side ngakumbi ziya kufumana orbit, kude komhlaba umgama ekwandiseni. Ngaxa lithile, okuwo yozigqabhuza, uthabathe isimo parabola, kwaye isiphekepheke uye betyhila nobukhulu isithuba. Ukuze ukuba aphume emhlabeni, umkhombe kufuneka ibe Velocity ukubaleka. Oku kungabalelwa ngokomgaqo wokubala V2 = √2μ / r. Ukuze iplanethi yethu, eli nani 11.2 km / s.

sele izazi ezichongiweyo, yintoni na Velocity ukubaleka, zombini eyokuqala neyesibini, ngamnye iiplanethi yenkqubo yethu. Kulula ukubala ngokungqinelana iifomyula ngasentla, ukuba umntu ithatha indawo μ rhoqo ukwenzela imveliso fm, apho M - ubunzima umzimba yasezulwini umdla, kunye f - nokundileka rhoqo (f = 6.673 x 10 (-11) m3 / (kg x s2).

Isantya wesithathu yesiqalo uya kuvumela nayiphi na isiphekepheke boyise nokutsala kwelanga ushiye inkqubo yabo elanga sekhaya. Ukuba ulindele ukuba ilanga, ufumana ixabiso 42.1 km / s. Kwaye ukuze othabathela Umhlaba orbit kufuphi kweLanga kufuneka kukhawuleziswe ku 16.6 km / s.

Ke ekugqibeleni, ingxelo yesine Velocity cosmic. Ngoncedo wayo, ungenza boyise tsala lo ngokwawo. ixabiso layo kuyahlukana nedlela uququzelelo le Galaxy. In yethu Milky Way , eli xabiso yi malunga 550 km / s (ukuba ubale kuthelekiswa lilanga).