Yiyiphi indlela yokucinga?

Enye indlela ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi babo, ukuba benze umsebenzi ngakumbi kakuhle - ukuba anikele ingqalelo ukucinga. Le nkqubo yokufunda kubaluleke ngokwaneleyo ukuba umntu. Ngoko kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba kule ndlela yokucinga nendlela ukuphuhlisa nto. Emva konke oku kuxhomekeke kumgangatho eninzi lweenkqubo ezibalulekileyo ebomini bomntu.

Kuba isiqalo kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ukucinga - yinkqubo evumela ukuba bafumane ulwazi malunga nokusingqongileyo, ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo, namasiko, ukuthelekelela. kananjalo kufuneka athi malunga ngokweendidi, oko kukuthi, xa umntu ecinga into enye, oko kuthetha ukuba sele uza kuwina, zabekwa kwenqanaba elithile. Ngokomzekelo, ujonge izityalo, yesifundo amaninzi ubalwe ngayo njengenye lamaqela ukuba bacinge kwaye ibonisa. Ngoko ke abantu bafunde ngehlabathi. Ndimele ndithi ukuba le nkqubo yengqondo ekhoyo phantse yonke imisebenzi yabantu (emsebenzini, ukufunda, dlala, ingxoxo, njalo njalo. D.), kwaye kunxulumene ngokusondeleyo intetho.

Ngaphandle nje kokuba le ndlela yokucinga, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba ngokusondeleyo kakhulu edibene inguqu ubuchule bobukho ngesisombululo iingxaki ezahlukahlukeneyo. Le nkqubo yengqondo ithatha indawo imisebenzi ngengqondo kunye nezenzo engqondweni. Ezi ziquka analysis, uthelekiso, kuyondelelaniswe gabalala, njalo njalo. Abantu D. abaninzi bangawazi, kunjalo ke, kulula kakhulu ukuba ukulandelela uma oyifunayo. Umzekelo, ekusombululeni ingxaki kuqala kuyimfuneko ukuba alabe libe zizabelo eziliqela (imeko umbuzo), oko kuhlalutywa.

Ukuze siqonde ngcono inkqubo yokufunda, kufuneka ukuba uyazi ukuba yintoni na iimpawu yokucinga. Ngoko ke, ngokuba isiqalo kufanele kuphawulwe reflexivity. Loo nto yokucinga isebenza kuphela imifanekiso yangaphandle, kodwa kwakhona ibhekiswe ngaphakathi, iimvakalelo, iimvakalelo, kunye namava kuloo mntu. Ukuze ukubeka ngenye indlela, oko imele ezingqondweni zehlabathi abantu.

Ukongeza, umcabango ingqalelo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ubotshiwe ukuphendula nayiphi na imibuzo (akusoloko kufanelekile). Ngenxa yoko, ebonakalisa uqale vangama. imibuzo ixabiso lilele into yokuba, xa umntu uqala ukubuza, yena ngenkuthalo ucinga. Kwakhona becinga ngazo ngokwayo ngendlela eyakhayo (oko kwenzeka ukuba kufunyanwa okulungileyo?) Yaye okubi (yintoni na engalunganga?). Problematization kubaluleke kakhulu xa efuna izisombululo ingxaki ethile.

Ngaphandle nje kokuba le ndlela yokucinga, kufanele kuphawulwe siyimali yakhe guquki. Kulo mzekelo, mhlawumbi akuyi kusoloko njongo. Le nqubo ephawulekayo akuthethi zingakhuli ngenxa yokufunda, ngokusebenzisa nokuqonda. Ukucinga zingaphuhliswa nengaphuhliswanga. Kutshanje, kaninzi kwenzeka ebantwaneni. Umzekelo, zigaba eziliqela ontogeny le nkqubo kwengqondo ichazwe bengqondo. Ngokuba abantwana ukusuka komnye unyaka ukuya ngengqondo ezimbini Piaget wachaza nqanaba uphuhliso sensorimotor ubukrelekrele. Ngeli xesha, abantwana baqala ukufunda ukuqonda izinto ezingqongileyo, ukuze wenze ngengqiqo iimpawu zazo, iimpawu.

Okulandelayo, kufuneka kuthiwe ukuba olu hlobo yokucinga nokusebenza. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iminyaka abantwana ukuya ku-7 wegqitha inqanaba lophuhliso le hlobo yengqondo msebenzi. Apha velisa ezibonwayo zokucinga kunye nentetho. Kweli nqanaba, ezinye iimpawu ziboniswa nokucinga, phakathi apho misclassification lwenziwe iimpawu lesibini okanye random.

Okulandelayo ukuze umntwana oselula uqala ukuphuhlisa ukukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi ethile. Kule minyaka abantwana sele Kungaba nengqondo ukuchaza izizathu ngezenzo zabo, ku hlamusela kuluvo lwabo. Ukususela kwiminyaka 11-12, uqala iqonga apho kuphuhlisa ubuchule aqiqe, iinkqubo engqondweni. Kuphuhliso eqhelekileyo ebantwini action ngaloo ndlela ngaphandle ngokuthe ngcembe similise embindini.