Yiyiphi hlobo lomhlaba uthanda iikherothi? Umhlaba for iminqathe ze beetroot, itswele kunye nedile

Iminqathe ziqukiwe kuluhlu iphambili izityalo ezilinywa yi abahlali zasehlotyeni Russian kunye egadini. Njengazo zonke iingcambu, eso sityalo ikakhulukazi befuna kwiimeko yophuhliso, kodwa isivuno yesityebi kuba uya ngaphezu echazwe ekuqaleni oko uhlobo lomhlaba uthanda iminqathe, kwaye masihambelane kunye amathuba imibuzo indawo ethile. Ngaphezu koko, orange ingcambu unako yokuhlalisana kunye namanye kulotywe. Ngokukodwa, ezindimeni leminqathe idla kudityaniswe beetroot, okukhona ezifanayo iimfuno zesondlo zomhlaba. Apha kuyenzeka ukubandakanya itswele kunye idile, kodwa, kwakhona, ukunikela ingqalelo iingcebiso ngokulinywa lwabo.

Umhlaba for iminqathe

Eyona ezithandwa kakhulu ezikhulayo iikherothi ziye kuthathwa obambe friable kwaye uyisanti Iintlobo zomhlaba legkopronitsaemyh. Enye into yokuba ukukhula kweengcambu elungileyo kuba ubukho wamatye (ekukhethwa ukuba okuqulethwe kwi-4%), nto leyo ngakumbi iminqathe feed. Yintoni uhlobo lomhlaba, esi sityalo uthanda ngokubhekiselele umxholo asidi, kulula ukuba ndiyaqikelela. Le pesenti ziya kuba ncinci. Kwimeko umnqatha ulahlekelwa ukukwazi ukumelana nezifo. Kubalulekile ukuba siqwalasele nento izityalo zakhula kuloo ndawo de iminqathe. Njengoko yokusebenza ibonisa, uphuhliso ezilungileyo iingcambu ibonisa kwiindawo apho ngaphambili fruited neetamati, iitapile, ikhaphetshu, iimbotyi kunye imifuno fresh. Kananjalo kubalulekile ukuba siqaphele ukuba kwi iminqathe komhlaba zangaphambili ingatyalwa kweminyaka-4 kuphela kamva.

Iimeko ngokupheleleyo ukukhula

Iminqathe ngaba awasetyenziswa kwiinkcubeko photophilous, Noko ke, inqanaba illuminance ubuncinane kufuneka ziqinisekiswe. Ukuba ukhula esi sityalo emthunzini, uphuhliso iziqhamo iya kuba kade, kwaye ngenene imveliso ngeyona lincitshiswe. Xa ulungiselela umhlaba iikherothi endle, kubalulekile ukubonelela ngenxa yokunqongophala umahluko ezibukhali namathambeka. Ukuxinana ngokupheleleyo umaleko womhlaba yi 0.65 grams ngamnye 1 cm3. Ezweni kwintsunguzi kakhulu kwaye ngokwaneleyo ezinjalo uvelisa iminqathe iziqhamo engesiso iifomu branched, oko kunciphisa imveliso, singasathethi ke incasa.

Iimpawu ukufuma nazo kakhulu. Ngokungafaniyo imifuno emininzi iminqathe uluthiyile ukufuma ngokugqithiseleyo. Oku kuboniswa inkqubo iingcambu, nto leyo kwezi meko ufakwa izifo. Icacisa oko uhlobo lomhlaba kuyimfuneko ukuba iikherothi kule nkalo, ungenza isicelo ngoko nangoko kwinqanaba aphantsi komhlaba. Ukuba phezulu, ngoko ke iibhedi kufuneka kwenziwe afanelekileyo - iyimitha e-35 cm.

Lungisa umhlaba iminqathe

Umhlaba zokutyala izityalo ingcambu kufuneka ilungiswe ngo-Agasti. 1 m Per ² kuyimfuneko ukubeka malunga-3 kg esisesweni, leyo umi phambi kokuba zisetyenziswe isisombululo urea. Olubalo kufuneka kwenziwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: 1 iibhokisi umdlalo of urea 1 emele zamanzi kunye nesiqingatha ibhakethi lesanti kunye nja- umoya. Ngaphezulu, kufuneka wenze superphosphate granulated (2 iibhokisi zematshisi), ikalika (100 g), izichumisi potassium (1 ibhokisi) kunye polkorobka sodium nitrate. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba umhlaba ngenxa iikherothi endle kwaye kufuneka sibe wemba kakuhle phambi kokutyala. Oku kufuneka kwenziwe onencula ok kubunzulu ngokupheleleyo, uze lungisani komhlaba kunye iharika, ulitshize uthuthu imanzise kancinane.

Kumhlaba oyisanti kucetyiswa ukuba udibanise enye emele umgquba, wamatye nomhlaba wapheka osisivunda nganye-1 m ^2. Ihlabathi ihlwempu kufuneka kuwa wamatye soiling kongezwe of potash kunye superphosphate. Kanye ukuze ukwazi ukufumana phezu kwayo ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi isityalo endilisekileyo. Ke ngoku ukuba inkcazo eneenkcukacha izichumisi, okusetyenziselwa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo leminqathe emhlabeni.

Isichumiso kuba umhlaba phantsi iminqathe

Xa uluhlu umhlaba kuFeliks iminqathe isichumiso nako ukwenza umgquba, umgquba nomgquba. Isiseko se additive izimbiwa, apho akusekho umbuzo oko uhlobo lomhlaba kuyimfuneko ukuze iikherothi. Kakuhle kuqamba uzilungiselele ukudlulisela nawuphi na umhlaba Micro kuyimfuneko. Ngenxa yoko, isichumiso iqulathe 1 h. L. urea okanye sodium nitrate, 1 tbsp. l. superphosphate olungumgubo kwifomu luthuli, potassium chloride. Ukwenza le isichumiso umhlaba kufuneka ongenamthetho kubunzulu malunga nama-30 cm. Ngoko ke iibhedi kufuneka ukuba kutywinwe nokuhombisa. Ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo lomhlaba kufuneka basebenzise ezi kudla zilandelayo:

• Nja- lomhlaba - polvedra wesanti erhabaxa (kukhethwa emlanjeni), 4 kg komanyolo kunye emele Turf.
• zomhlaba oludongwe - umgquba emele wesanti erhabaxa kunye kg 4 wamatye.
• imihlaba omnyama - sisincoko udongwe ezifanayo umgquba kunye nomgquba (akukho intlabathi).
• Umhlaba Sandy - wamatye isiqingatha emphandeni, i-emele 2 bazipheka umgquba kunye 1 tbsp. l. isichumiso zikhethekileyo zizinto humic nezinto umkhondo.
• Umhlaba Chernozem - angenza ntoni ngaphandle yesichumiso, kodwa isicelo yeSiqendu 2. l. akayi kuba akufuneki superphosphate olungumgubo.

Umhlaba ye beetroot

ukukhula beet abaphumeleleyo baya kubonelela obambe, osisityebi wamatye. Kodwa khumbula, yintoni uhlobo lomhlaba uthanda iminqathe kunye isichumiso efanelekileyo - uphuhliso yayo kungenzeka nayiphi emhlabeni nemiqathango efanelekileyo. Ngokufanayo, xa beet. Uhlobo kuphela kuchane ukukhula kwayo, loo nto enzima zomhlaba oludongwe. Ngaphandle iingcambu yamanzi amaninzi ukrakra incasa kakhulu, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba esweni ukunyakama. Ngokubanzi, beet akuyi ngokukodwa befuna kumhlaba - kuba Izakha ubonelelo eliphakathi ngokwaneleyo enikiweyo ayikho asidi kakhulu. Umzekelo, nesivuno esihle kunokwenzeka ukuba umhlaba asidi kancinci.

ukulungiselela Umhlaba kuyimfuneko ukwenza ekwindla ukumba nzulu. Kulo mzekelo, unyango kufuneka luqhutywa ngokwamabakala ezimbini: eyokuqala - prodiskovat, kwaye inyanga kamva - kokulima. Ngasemthonjeni komhlaba kufuneka yakhululeka nokungqinelanisa. umhlaba nezikhukhula for iminqathe ze beetroot kwaye ifuna ukumba umphezulu olongezelelweyo. Kulo mzekelo ikhephu nayo yenziwa phezulu ngenxa indlela n'wina komhlaba.

Isichumiso ngokuba umhlaba phantsi beet

ubonelelo sokudla umhlaba nayo lwenziwa ngoncedo izichumisi izimbiwa ngexesha entwasahlobo. 1 m ² kuya kufuna malunga-35 iigrem superphosphate engumgubo, 15 g Ammonium Nitrate kunye nemali ofanayo potassium chloride. Imihlaba Poor kucetyiswa ukuba bazalise kunye nezongezelelo eziphilayo, kodwa sele ekwindla. Esi sichumisi elide-wokwenza, ngoko ningahlwayeli beet kunokuba kuba yiminyaka-2 kuphela kamva. Kungenjalo, iingcambu musa ukufumana ngokwaneleyo ukuba adle.

Ukuthetha ngento uthanda umhlaba iminqathe ze beetroot, kubalulekile ukuqaphela umahluko kwi iindlela ukuchumisa izityalo ingcambu. Ngenxa yoko, omnye ngeekhomponenti asisiseko isichumiso kwimeko leminqathe yi umgquba. ke akucetyiswa ukuba beet. Kodwa esi sityalo, kwakunye iminqathe, bakhetha izibane ngcathu, kungekhona njengesithunzi.

Umhlaba for anyanisi

iindawo Sunny ezilungele isaphetha. Noko ke, ukususela lithemba lesingqengqelo naye, ungenza amalungiselelo kunye penumbra ukukhanya, eyona nto ibalulekileyo - ukuthintela misinga. Kubalulekile ukuba umhlaba unako ukushushubeza kwaye otyebileyo. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo isaphetha - oko sinokuhlasela ofumileyo, nomoya novunduvundu non-asidi. Kwakhona, ungenza vula kumbuzo oko uhlobo lomhlaba uthanda yeeminqathe kwaye phantsi kweziphi iimeko ephuhliswa ngcono. Utshaba eziphambili - ke umhlaba acid. Kunjalo ke naxa itswele ekutyaleni endihleli ezweni kunye ubumuncu nemfuno ephezulu ukuba limed kwiminyaka 2-3 ngaphambi kokuba uyisebenzise.

Xa ukhetha le site ukugaleleka esi sityalo ibaluleke kakhulu kanye ukujikeleza. Le uhlobo nenzuzo ziquka iitumato, kwaneekomkomere, ikhaphetshu, kunye nezinye izityalo, apho isichumiso esifanelekileyo isicelo. Ukuba sithethe elumelwaneni, iminqathe best for le ndima ukuba amatswele ukuba kufunyanwa. Ukubalwa hlobo luni umhlaba ofanelekileyo iikherothi kwimeko wokuhambelana amatswele, nokunga - ungahlala kwi obambe kunye isichumiso efanelekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, indibaniselwano iza kubonelela isivuno elungileyo kunye nokhuselo efanayo kwizinambuzane.

isichumiso umhlaba anyanisi

isichumiso Organic kufuneka isetyenziswe ekwindla: 1 m ² umangalelwe-5 kg komanyolo wamatye 1 kg eluthuthwini. Kwakhona, lo additive inokudityaniswa namacandelo bezimbiwa le. Njengoko beet, itswele akayithandi umgquba entsha, ngoko ke kufuneka ecaleni, ukuba ityalwe ecaleni neminqathe. Yiyiphi hlobo lomhlaba uthanda itswele, kucacile - ke obambe kuba, ngoko ke, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo izichumiso ezintsonkothileyo. Umzekelo, usebenzisa indibanisela 20 g superphosphate olungumgubo kunye-10 g ye-potassium ekwindla yaye entwasahlobo njengoko njengesongezelelo ukubethelela ubume kunye ammonium nitrate. components ezimbiwa, kungakuhle ukuba nzulu, ekubeni inkqubo ingcambu ye itswele ukuze nje musa ufumane into oyifunayo.

Soil for idile

umhlaba friable akukho cala, kwaye ayikhuthazwa ezifanelekayo enzima ukuze nedile. Lungisa iibhedi kufuneka uqale kwi ukuwa - iza kudala iimeko lokutyala kwentwasahlobo. Kufuneka ube nomhlaba perekapat kwi-20 kubunzulu cm. Ukuba emhlabeni icwangciswe kufuphi ingcambu, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuthatha ingqalelo into uhlobo lomhlaba uthanda iminqathe okanye beetroot. Idile kwakhona ukhetha kumphezulu othe tyaba kunye vee sentimitha-2, xa wayephuma phakathi kwemiqolo kufuneka-20 cm. Umhlaba phambi kokuba kutyalwe yokunyakamisa ekucetyiswa kwaye afefe nomhlaba evakalala ngokwenza ngetywina encinane. Kwixa elizayo, ezi mbewu akuyomfuneko ukuba amanzi, njengoko emhlabeni amanzi kuwathwala.

Isichumiso ngokuba umhlaba phantsi nedile

Nokuba phambi kokutyala emhlabeni kuyimfuneko ukwenza isichumiso: polvedra wamatye ngalinye 1 m ² kongezwe nitrophosphate. Ukukhetha ezinye iikhompawundi, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuthatha ingqalelo into uhlobo lomhlaba uthanda iminqathe, itswele, fennel kunye beetroot, ke, ukuba uceba ukukhula kwabo kwindawo enye. Isibakala sokuba fennel ongabunyamezeliyo ikalika umhlaba kunye nezongezelelo ngohlobo uthuthu, adla zisetyenziswa xa ugcwalisa umhlaba izityalo ingcambu. Wokubona kangangoko kufuneka kufunwe iiresiphi isichumiso yonke musa ukulimaza abamelwane elukhukweni, kwaye ngaxeshanye ukwazi ukunika uphuhliso dill elungileyo. Umzekelo, wamatye, nto leyo akukhuthazwa ukuba isaphetha, yinto enokwenzeka endaweni mullein, bungxengwe ngamanzi. Unakho ukuza kunye namanye amacandelo - kusoloko kukho okunye.