Yintoni na ke Cathedral ephambili Moscow yesicelo?

Moscow yesicelo - a ezixabisekileyo lomculo bokwakha nje kuphela eRashiya kodwa kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Le ibekwe phezu kweendonga oMlambo Moscow, xa intliziyo kwikomkhulu Russian. Eyona Cathedral Moscow yesicelo Uspensky. Yilaa nto iza kuxutyushwa kwinqaku lethu.

Ingqikelelo Cathedral - kuloo ndlu yecawa eziyintloko yesicelo

Kuyo nayiphi na ilizwe, ukuzama ukulondoloza ngononophelo ezikhumbuzo, ezo ezibalulekileyo ezimbalini kunye nenkcubeko. Abaninzi kubo zisebenze namhlanje. Yiloo nto ngaphandle kunye lusekeleke Church - kuloo ndlu yecawa ephambili Moscow yesicelo.

Nokuba ngo 1326, yayakhiwe kule ndawo eMoscow zokuqala zokwakha ilitye isonto iyingangamsha. Ukwakhiwa lwaqhutywa phantsi kweliso Metropolitan of St. uPetros ngokwemiyalelo Prince Ioanna Kality. Kukho kwinguqulo endaweni ekubekeni isiseko ecaweni somthi ngaphambili.

Le ndlu yecawa ephambili Moscow yesicelo - ntoni na, yaye kubonakala ngathi namhlanje? Kule - on.

Bookmark kunye ukwakhiwa ka-Ashera

Le ndlu yecawa ephambili Moscow yesicelo ebizwa ngokuba umbono. Ukwakhiwa kwetempile wakhonza njengesiganeko ebalulekileyo, kuba eMoscow lwabhengezwa isixeko vekiwaka. Ngokweerekhodi zembali kunye memoirs abefundisi kuba uyazi ukuba kwinkolelo Cathedral - yeyokuqala ecaweni ilitye eMoscow, nto leyo eyaba itempile eziphambili Russia, ngokwenjenjalo ukuthatha inyathelo ngaphezu Vladimir Church.

Ngowe-1327, xa umsebenzi wokwakha wagqitywa, yaye kuloo ndlu yecawa baqalisa ukuqhuba iinkonzo, Metropolitan uPetros wemka eli hlabathi elinesono, zeza zahlala ekwakheni indlu kwicala langasentla. Le yindawo yokungcwaba kufuphi esibingelelweni.

ngokutsha indlu

Ngenxa yoko, Ingqikelelo iCawa kuloo ndlu yecawa ephambili Moscow yesicelo. Kuba Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XV, uJohn V., inkosana Russian, owayigcinayo phantsi kolawulo bonke ubulawuli, yaqala ngokutsha kwingcinga Cathedral, oko kudala indawo yokuhlala entsha.

Ngo 1472, uhlalutyo itempile yagqitywa. Ukuze kwakhiwe isakhiwo esitsha, yayintle ngaphezu isonto samenywa kakuhle yaziwa ngexesha bezakhiwo Myshkin kunye Krivtsov. Kodwa itempile ngenjongo yokuba kuma ixesha elide, waza wawa. Kweli ukwakhiwa ayikagqitywa ke, nangona ityala efanayo akwazi ukubamba up on ezithile iingcinga. Prince itsala kwaye igcina ilungileyo womzobi Italian Fioravanti Aristotle.

zokwakha New ubukho kangangeminyaka emine, imizobo ezisetyenziswayo Vladimir Cathedral. Yaye ekubeni 1479 enye ezikhumbuzo ezinkulu ubuKristu yakhiwa kwindawo eMoscow, nto leyo eyaba uhombiso yesicelo. Yokumisela wetempile, yaye eneneni le nkqubo umele ukuba izakhiwo ezinjalo, wenza amakhulu amatsha - Gerontiy Moskovsky, uze emva koko kwimemori ye saint yokuqala ziye babuyela amandla itempile kaPetros.

Sesuka, nakuba besive icawa akandishiyanga ndedwa, yaye babeqhubeka befuna intshabalalo. Ngowe-1812, xa ndandineminyaka phakathi kwe kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, le ndlu yecawa ngokupheleleyo zibanjwe yi amajoni ka uNapoleon. Ngokupheleleyo kuba ikwazile kakulu ibiwe umva, nesilivere wenziwa chandelier ukuba Uyabahombisa embindini etempileni.

ezingcwele bayahlelwa kwi XIX-XX eminyaka

Le ndlu yecawa ephambili Moscow yesicelo nguye lesikhumbuzo inkulu izakhiwo esikalini yaseYurophu. Noko ke, ixesha gxebe, ungamconganga owakhe esi sakhiwo, ngokuhamba kwexesha waqalisa iba kancinane.

Kwisiqingatha sesibini XIX - isiqingatha sokuqala lwekhulu XX waqalisa umsebenzi wokulungisa. iingcali kuqala baqalisa ulwakha ngenxa indawo esibingelelweni, khon 'ukuze esekelwe sibanjwa, niyathandana ukusuka XV-XVI eminyaka. Ukubuyiselwa kwesakhiwo lwaqhutywa amashumi eminyaka ze kwagqitywa ngo-1906.

Ngowe-1917, emva kokuba iziganeko ezibuhlungu zemishini ka-Oktobha Revolution, kuloo ndlu yecawa eyaguqukayo yaba imyuziyam, ethe wafumana ukumeka lomculo, leyo luphawulwa ulondolozo epheleleyo zala mazwe. Ngelo xesha, zonke imizobo kunye icons avulwa ukuze zokubukela zoluntu. Kumaxesha Soviet, umsebenzi wokulungisa Kwingcingane Cathedral abazange bazibandakanye. Yaye ezindongeni zendlu baphinda bayiphosa ilothe iingoma, kunye nenkonzo yaqalwa ngo-1990.

Eyona Cathedral le Moscow yesicelo ukwakheka

Babetsalelekele Italian wezakhiwo umfanekiso kukhutshelwe ngokupheleleyo Vladimir Inkolelo Cathedral. Oko kukuthi, esi sakhiwo icawa cross-angqukuva, kodwa ke, umakhi wenze nangotshintsho wancothuka kakhulu ukusuka prototype yayo. Ezilandelelanayo ukuya yecawa of ilitye elimhlophe yaye isakhiwo monolithic. Chroniclers wachaza itempile 'lilitye single "yaya ibandla iyingangamsha kuzo.

Le tempile bamakhazikhazi, elimisiweyo kwaye eliphangaleleyo, neengqameko zalo exhaswa iintsika zentendelezo. Esi sakhiwo wadalwa banzi kakhulu, oko ngakumbi ngathi kwiholo ebhotwe. Nokuba ngemilinganiselo yanamhlanje, isiphetho Cathedral kwi yesicelo Square ithathwa isakhiwo zexabiso kunye nesimbo lokubulawa - odinga kunye nzima. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umfanekiso yecawa eMoscow de ngenkulungwane XVII zakhiwa phantse onke amabandla Russia.

Inkcazelo imbonakalo yangaphandle izakhiwo

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, le yecawa ephambili Moscow yesicelo - isakhiwo monolithic, lwahlulwe elirhangqiweyo iintsika, imiqolo kwi zembutho 12 ezilinganayo.

On iindonga ezigudileyo engaphandle kwetempile kukho ibhanti-arcature kunye neefestile ezo zivaliweyo evuthelweyo. Le ndlu yecawa ephambili Moscow yesicelo i-angqukuva ezintlanu. Ukususela ngasezantsi kunye entla apse kwesakhiwo zigqunywe iipayiloni.

Embindini Cathedral: emifanekiso imizobo

Ukwakhiwa embindini wenza amagcisa ixesha eli. Lo msebenzi nje buvele ndijonge, nkqu nanamhlanje ezinye iziqwenga wahlala phezu njengomqobo esibingelelweni. Phezu esekelwe amandulo ukususela kunyaka 1481, lendela, abaphila zime. Ukongeza, ukuba unalo ziyakubaluleka ngomfanekiso omkhulu zembali "amane nkolo of Sebaste" "nobusuku ye abavumisi ngeenkwenkwezi 'adumileyo kunye neminye imisebenzi emihle.

Le mizobo ilandelayo baye bafumana asusela ukuya kwiminyaka 1513-1515. Ukuba uhlawula imbono iseti kwi ibandla, ungabona umfanekiso zezulu, zixhaswa iintsika ukuba ndibeke kuwo ukholo. Le yindibaniselwano izele imiqondiso, kuba ziintsika ubambe igumbi, kanye 'ukholo alondoloze ukholo kuKristu.

Uyilo yonke le mizobo ye kwingcinga Cathedral yenzelwe ngenyameko wakha. Ukongeza, imifanekiso ezimangalisa eziphezu kwenqanaba esezantsi iindonga Cathedral amabandla Ecumenical Seven. Kwaye, ngokwesithethe, udonga West zinokuhonjiswa sisincoko of "Umgwebo Wokugqibela."

Ekuphetheni ...

Le ndlu yecawa ephambili Moscow yesicelo yinkolelo - a iingangamsha lesikhumbuzo yokuyilwa ngobugcisa kwayo XIV-XV eminyaka. Abakhenkethi abaninzi kunye nabakhenkethi itempile ngobambana hayi kuphela ngezakhiwo, kodwa kananjalo emangalisayo, ngaphakathi ezizodwa.