Yintoni na isitya umlambo? Iintlobo ezizidendeleko lomlambo. Ingcamango yamanzi

On iplanethi yethu - amashumi amawaka imilambo kunye nemisinga. Yaye ngamnye kubo, nkqu oluncinane kakhulu, kukho nendawo apho oqokelela amanzi ayo. Kweli nqaku siya khona, yintoni echibini lomlambo, kwaye ukuba yamanzi enjalo. Ukongeza, uya kufunda malunga nezitya zokutshiza umlambo enkulu yomhlaba.

Yintoni na isitya umlambo?

Amanzi, njengokuba thina siyazi, siyahamba rhoqo. It Uwa kumphezulu womhlaba ngokohlobo imvula, ayajika kunye neendawo ephakamileyo ngakumbi isiqabu ezisezantsi. Maxa wambi, yonke le amanzi nangayiphi kwamanzi.

nemisinga hlangana ukwenza nemisinga. Abo, ke, ingena ijelo enkulu. Ukuba uqwalasela ngenyameko imephu ebonakalayo kwingingqi ethile, uya kuphawula ukuba zonke imilambo benza phezu komhlaba Umhlaba ipateni ngokungaqhelekanga. Ngu lesishwankathelo zangaphandle oko kufana network semithambo yabantu okanye uthotho imithi branched. Ngalinye le "mithi" - inkqubo umlambo enye. Kwaye ngoku uzame ukuqonda ukuba yintoni na isitya umlambo.

Kumfanekiso ongezantsi ubona umfanekiso kwenkqubo lomlambo zakudala. Esi sikimu le isitya lomlambo. Apha I yaseRoma nani ubonisa umfula engundoqo, kwaye amanani II - nemingenela yawo. Le ndawo echazwe yi-red yamntlala umgca, kwaye iya kuba kwinkqubo yamanzi sokuhlambela umlambo elinikiweyo.

Ngoko ke, yintoni na isitya emlanjeni? Le ndawo, eqokelela amanzi kule okanye loo nkqubo. River isitya kwakhona ngokuba yomlambo, okanye lula - amanzi equkuqela. Zonke ezi magama zithetha ingcamango efanayo eendawo.

Yintoni imifula?

Zonke izitya zahlulwe iintlobo ezimbini:

• inkunkuma (imilambo eziziintloko ukuthwala amanzi yabo elwandle okanye elwandle);
• undrained (main imilambo ziza kungena amadama, xa kungekho ndlela enxulumene kunye neelwandle).

River nezitya zihlukaniswe:

• phezulu;
• komhlaba.

Umphezulu isabelo isitya kukha amanzi kunye ukufuma eqokelela phezu komhlaba, kunye nomhlaba, ngokulandelelana - evela kwimithombo ibekwe phantsi komhlaba. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ubukhulu kunye imida ngamanzi aphantsi komhlaba kunzima kakhulu ukuze ubone. Kungenxa yoko le nto hydrologists ngokufuthi ingqalelo kuphela imimandla yoboniselo ngamanzi phezulu kwi evaluation abalinganiswa kwenkqubo lomlambo ethile.

IFomu, imilo kunye nobungakanani isitya lomlambo ethile zixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi: indawo kwinkqubo umlambo, isimo, utyani, yokuma, imigodi, njl

imifula engundoqo planethi

Kwindawo enkulu kweli hlabathi Amazon, emi phantse kwisithathu kwilizwekazi South American. Uphinde inkulu ngokwemiqathango amanzi. Ilandelwa yi the Congo Basin (Afrika) kunye Mississippi (e North America). Ekufunxeni sokwahlukanisa izehlo inkulu umhlaba yeyona uhehema lwesitya sokuhlambela koMlambo iVolga.

Le theyibhile ilandelayo idwelisa inkulu nezitya ezilishumi esemlanjeni umhlaba kunye nendawo zabo kunye nendawo ahlala kuyo.

Yintoni yamanzi?

Xa sibuyela scheme thaca ekuqaleni kweli nqaku, uyakwazi ukubona umgca wamachaphaza obomvu. Le yomlambo - umda phakathi nezitya komlambo.

Ukuze siyiqonde ngokucacileyo ngakumbi ukuba kwanele ukuba ilitye encinane lume (ekukhethwa kunye enkcochoyini etsolo) uwaphalazele athontsize amanzi. Uya kubona ukuba enye inxalenye amanzi baya kuzihluza emhlabeni kwelinye icala ilitye, kunye nezinye - phezu kwezinye.

Ukuthetha ulwimi isayensi, yomlambo - oko ngumgca ntekelelo ngaphantsi komhlaba, nto leyo esahlula ezimbini (okanye ngaphezulu) emvula ejongene eqondisa ukuhamba komoya kumacala angafaniyo. Ngu mfanekiso ne watersheds emlanjeni nazo bohlulwa angaphezulu komhlaba.

Iimpawu kunye nemizekelo watersheds

Kuyinto Kucacile ukuba umgca yamanzi kuyo nayiphi yesithili kufuneka lihlaleni sublime lweziza yayo. Umzekelo, kwiindawo weentaba, bakholisa ukuba ukubaleka ecaleni crests nasentshonalanga kunye ezithile iincopho. Ngomhla emazibukweni watersheds kwi isiqabu nomoya. Apha kaninzi zimele elikhulu indawo isithuba tyaba ngaphakathi apho icala amanzi lisenokuthi litshintshwe ngamathuba athile.

Enye umthetho enkulu yendalo: oluphezulu umgca sokwahlukanisa izehlo ke kukuthi, oluphezulu ngokukhawuleza iza kuba izinga lokuhamba kwamanzi onke emilanjeni kwemali kulo.

Yamanzi iphambili ilizwekazi olwahlula watersheds kwiilwandle ezahlukeneyo, ebizwa yezwekazi. ERashiya, yomlambo inkulu ke Valdai Hills. Kulapha eyasungulwa imilambo inkulu baseYurophu: iVolga, Dnieper, Western Dvina. Enye sokwahlukanisa izehlo ezibalulekileyo Russia - I phambene ntaba uluhlu. Imilambo, aqukuqelayo evela mathambeka asentshona, athwale amanzi yabo Arctic Ocean. Ahla ayesihla evela kumathambeka lwempuma yeso Urals, kamva similise imijelo ibalulekileyo OB River - inkqubo lomlambo likhulu e eSiberia.