Eyona engundoqo iindidi zentetho (kwiBanga 2). Ziziphi iintlobo zentetho na?

Wonke umntu ngaphandle kwakwiimeko ezimbalwa uyakwazi ukunxibelelana besebenzisa ulwimi oluthethwayo. Ukudibanisa abantu ukuveza iimvakalelo zabo neemvakalelo, ukuthetha isonka, imincili. Ukuthetha ndoda inikwe ukuba banyukele kwinqanaba eliphezulu yempucuko. Kule ncwadi yenzululwazi kukho izizathu angabaleki ngokuhlelwa zentetho. Ngokubanzi, ukufunda ulwimi njengendlela yonxibelelwano kuyimfuneko ukuba ulwazi lweenkqubo ezona kwenzeka lokuqonda koluntu intsebenziswano xa ngomlomo nabanye. Emva ukufunyanwa kwezakhono zolwimi zabanjwa engaqondanga kwaye ngokwendalo. iprogram yesikolo unika umsebenzi simazi kakuhle ingcamango ngeentlobo iklasi intetho Abafundi aba-2. Kwixesha elizayo, oku abafundi ingxaki iilwimi ukufunda amakhono philology. Eli nqaku igxininisa typology iintlobo ulwimi egudileyo.

Inani interlocutors

Okokuqala, cinga iintlobo elula zentetho. 2 iklasi zesikolo ngokungqinelana nenkqubo yemfundo wazisa ingqiqo kwengxoxo kunye omnye. Le yokuhlela iye njengesiseko inani labathathi-nxaxheba kwi inkqubo yonxibelelwano. Ngoko ke, la mazwi isahlulo sibe olufanayo i "-log", nto leyo liguqulelwe lesiGrike njenge "lizwi", "ingqondo" kuyo. " Kuthatha linentsusa yalo ulwimi enye indlela 'omnye' "mono". Ngoko ke, umntu omnye - yenye umntu elijonge mhlawumbi ngokwakhe okanye nawuphi na kubaphulaphuli. Kwelinye icala, inxalenye "di" ngesiGrike lithetha "ezimbini." Ngenxa yoko, ingxoxo - ke ukukhuthazana imiyalezo phakathi interlocutors ezimbini. Oku kuquka ngamnye kubo a omnye. Isivamvo incoko yababini kukuba ukuguqula imifanekiso.

Xa ebuzwa ukuba iindidi zentetho, abantu badla wabhekisela inkcazelo nje ixhaphakileyo. Noko ke, olunye uhlobo efanayo lolwazi polylogue. "Poly" elithetha "abaninzi". Apha sithetha ubukho interlocutors ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu.

Uhlobo athile

Ziziphi ezinye iintlobo zentetho? 2 eklasini ukufunda uhlobo lonxibelelwano ngqo, hayi kuphela ngokususela kwinani interlocutors. Esinye isizathu sokuba lucalulo ulwimi lisebenza ubuhle kunye azihluphe isimbo sakhe. Ngokusekelwe kule njengenqobo yokugweba, naziphi na iintlobo ezisisiseko ezifana zentetho, njengokuba itekisi pre-ukufunda nokubhala, ubuchule bokufunda nokubhala kunye bevuthela. Okokuqala, cinga Uhlobo lokuqala ulwimi.

khangela nje

Njengoko sisazi, abantu baye bafunda ukwenza izandi kuqala, uze emva koko kuphela - ezibonisa abalinganiswa. Ekuqaleni, kuvela kuphela ngohlobo lomlomo. ulwimi Preliterate namhlanje ibandakanya ubukhulu becala ukusebenzisana kwezentlalo, nto leyo eya kuze kubhalwe ngembalelwano kwaye kwixesha ubukho prototype lo mqondiso akukho mfuneko. Ezi zibandakanya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo thethwano ngomlomo, ukuze abhale la mabali kubhabho iintsomi, amarhe ngokuphindaphindiweyo zesini. Theory of Ezolimi yeyona ntlobo ziqhelekileyo pre-nokubhala intetho udaba olubi, incoko kunye lwemveli. Isiseko Ukukhethwa linani ukudlala lomyalezo. Ngoko ke, lo udaba ivezwa kanye kuphela. Eyona njongo iphambili yale hlobo yokuthetha - ukugqithisa ulwazi oluthile kwilungu ngalinye le-ndlebe. Lo myalezo uya kuyeka ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza kufikwa zonke interlocutors, njengoko ukwanda okuthe gqolo ayikho imfuneko. enokwaphulwa A ukuvalwa yokuzala, kodwa ukuba udaba uqalisa khona ngendlela eyahlukileyo - ngokohlobo uhletywa ukuba babe isuke umlinganiswa.

Preliterate kuyo ngohlobo zencoko, siye sele sibonile, ke, kule Ukuhlelwa, lisetyenziswa kwi intsingiselo ngandlel 'ithile. Apha ke ugxininiso ayikho kwinani interlocutors kunye nenani edlalwa kunye nomthwalo lwesemantiki lwesicatshulwa. Incoko le xabiso kuthathwa iseti ethile amazwi ezikhoyo ezahlukeneyo kumxholo omnye. Njengomthetho jikelele, iitekisi ngokutsha kanye kuphela, kuba kwimeko lesixhobo ngokuphindaphindiweyo, phindaphinda ibinzana wenza ngaphambili, ukutshintsha ithoni okanye igama order.

Ekugqibeleni, uncwadi lwemveli - uhlobo preliterate zentetho, esibonakala ngokuphindaphinda ezininzi. Ngokungafaniyo ngamarhe lwemveli yi elinamasiko nezithethe kunye neetekisi zayo ezigcinwe kakuhle kule minyaka. Kule hlobo ziquka iintsomi, imizekeliso.

iitekisi zoncwadi

Siye kwakhona preliterate ngayo njengoko yokuqala iintlobo zemiyalezo ngokuxhomekeke kubunjani uthethile. Ngoku makhe nisinga ulwimi boncwadi. Kukho indawo kude unxibelelwano ngemihla. Olu hlobo intetho iphawulwa njenge abakratshi, abanobuchule. Ekuqaleni, iitekisi zoncwadi ibhalwe kwiphepha kwaye sibe nolwalamano elikude kakhulu imiyalezo ngomlomo. Kodwa ke ngentloko iguqulwe ibe nesandi. Kuyinto ngenxa nenkqubo ezintsonkothileyo yokudala izicatshulwa ngenxa afumane imeko yazo efanelekileyo. Kukho ezinye iintlobo yokuthetha zoncwadi kulwimi Russian, ubuciko kunye homiletics. Makhe sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha.

Oratorika

Olu hlobo ukutyhilwa yoncwadi Kwisicatshulwa intetho woMntu phambi abaphulaphuli oluthile, nto leyo echaphazela enkulu imixholo ubomi abaphulaphuli. Kulo mzekelo isithethi akwenzeki ukuseka ingxoxo kunye nabaphulaphuli zabo. Yena onyanzelwayo ukuba bathi bonke ukubenza kwintetho enye. Umzekelo mpendulo umbuzo egwebayo. Umzekelo, igqwetha kwingxelo yakhe yokugqibela unalo ithuba lokubonisa izakhono zokuthetha ukuba aveze umbono lobuqu meko, kodwa yena ngokwakhe akanako buza imibuzo abaphulaphuli. Abafundi basabela njani amazwi icebo nangoko ngaphakathi uvumelana naye ke mhlawumbi hayi ukuba umbono wakhe. Ngenxa yoko, oratorika ukumimitheka kuveza monologues.

homiletics

Xa ebuzwa ukuba iindidi zentetho (yoncwadi) khona, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukukhankanya uhlobo yeengxelo zemali. Ethelekiswa homiletics oratorikoy ngakumbi njenge incoko. Nangona yokuba apha kakhulu kukho ukulungiselela iingxelo zomlomo, kodwa umqhubi akanyanzelekanga ukuba anike bonke abantu abanomdla ngomyalezo omnye. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oko Wazityanda ibe iinxalenye ezithile kuba negalelo elikhulu abaphulaphuli. iingxelo ezinjalo nempembelelo enkulu phezu lemfundo loluntu. Ukuphendula lo mbuzo oko iintlobo zentetho ke, kufanelekile ukuba sikhankanye ibandla, kobhengezo noqeqesho uhlobo homiletic.

igama ngumshumayeli

Olu hlobo homiletics swi nempembelelo kubafundi, ingakumbi, iimvakalelo zabo kunye nentando. Ibandla olukhoyo uhlobo homiletics iifom sibashumayeze, udliwano-ndlebe kunye nokuvuma. Kuqala ke ingxelo eneenkcukacha ezinye iinyaniso ezingcwele. Umshumayeli ingxelo yakhe ngokubhekisela kubantu ukuze ukuhlaziya ulwazi ekhoyo abantu, ukwandisa ukufaneleka kwabo, ukrwelele ukubaluleka kwabo. I-ndlebe, nayo, uhlolo nokwenziwa oluntu iinyaniso ezaqhutywa ntshumayelo. Inqanaba lokugqibela le izono. Emva kokuba umbingeleli inguquko, nokuhlola indlela apho, xa kusenziwa, abantu nemigqaliselo zabo, naye wenza intetho, ekuthi kujongwe ukuba ukuphembelela umntu ngenjongo utshintsho kakuhle umphefumlo wakhe.

inkqubo yokufundisa

Homiletics ligcwele kwinkqubo yemfundo iphela. Eyona engundoqo iintlobo zonxibelelwano ootitshala kunye nabafundi ukuba izifundo, iisemina kunye yokupasa / eemviwo. Kulula ukufanisa nge iintlobo zonxibelelwano phakathi umfundisi kunye namakholwa kuxoxwe ngasentla. Le ntetho, kwakunye intshumayelo eyenzelwe ukuba ziqaqambise imiba ebalulekileyo kunye ingcaciso nobo babo. Nakuba kunjalo, ngokungafaniyo homiletics ibandla, nto leyo ibandakanya ukuphindwa iingxelo zoluntu ezaziwayo-kakuhle ukwenzela ukuphucula ukufaneleka kwabo, uqeqesho iquka abaphulaphuli umyalezo, ulwazi olutsha olungaziwayo.

Ngoku thelekisa isigaba esilandelayo kwi workshop unxibelelwano lwemfundo kunye lodliwano-ndlebe. umzimba Practical kunye nabafundi kwakhona yaqhutywa ukuqinisekisa ubungakanani kunye nomgangatho nokwenziwa kolwazi. Ekugqibeleni, uviwo luhlobo uvumo, apho utitshala aphonononge imbono abafundi 'le nyaniso leyo ezaqhutywa iintetho.

iingxelo zokwazisa

intetho rhetorician ejolise lonikezelo kunye zentengiso kolwazi oluthile, iquka iinyaniso ngaphambili, kudityaniswe entsha. Ngenxa yoko, homiletics ubuxoki ludibaniso icawa kunye noqeqesho.

Ngoku cinga iintlobo ubukho zeetekisi ezo. Eyokuqala kwezi kukukhuthazwa (imisebenzi ukuze idlulise ulwazi ethile). Inyathelo lesibini iphulo apho umqhubi bugwetyelwe utshintsho ukusuka reflection kwisenzo. Okokugqibela, le ndlela yesithathu homiletics ze na intengiso, onesiphumo ukulawula ukusebenza ukuphazamiseka.

Sound itekisi ebhaliweyo

Akusoloko umntu ofuna ukuba awathethe ngokuvakalayo kwathiwa, ufunda oko. Kungenzeka, umzekelo, ukufunda. Ngendlela, ukuba uhlobo loncwadi kwisicatshulwa kunye ilizwi - it iintlobo zentetho, esondela yokubhala. ukuba nekhono kunye nokwakhiwa ubhalo kwisicatshulwa ngenxa ukulungisa ezi ndidi zeengxelo ephepheni. Njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, isandi kungenzeka ngokohlobo ukufunda elula. Kule fomu yokuvakalisa, njengoko umthetho, okubhaliweyo sho nje, ngaphandle efuna ukusetyenziswa imvakalozwi ezithile kunye nembonakalo yobuso. Ngokufundisisa iintlobo zentetho, 2 abafundi yodidi bejamelene ngokwemiqathango iilwimi ezifana declamation. ukufunda okunjalo nje iincwadi ezilula ukudlalwa novakalelo, nkqu flatulence, isandi ngesingqi, njengoko umthetho, imisebenzi yobugcisa (ezininzi iindinyana).

ukulungela

Kukho esinye isizathu sokuba typology zezicatshulwa zomlomo. Ngoko ke, ekuphenduleni lo mbuzo, ziziphi iintlobo zentetho, iklasi 2 esekelwe ulwazi, kunokubangela uhlelo yokuthetha ngokuxhomekeka ukuba izinga ngokulungela. Amaninzi, iingxelo awathethwa sithi luphawulwa spontaneity yaye ayila ngokuthe ngcembe, ngexesha yababini. Iintlobo abangaqeqeshelwanga kunye neendidi zentetho zenzeka rhoqo, ngokuba umntu ngamnye wadibana namanye amalungu oluntu ngaphezulu lee kanye ngemini. Kukuthetha ngemihla kwangaphambili ayikwazi cinga, ngoko kukho akholisa ukubakho iimpazamo intetho, kokunqumama, ukusetyenziswa izivakalisi ezilula kunye namazwi zixhaphakileyo. Kwelinye icala, intetho elungiselelwe (umz, iphepha) luphawulwa ubukho isakhiwo pre-yenzelwe nenengqondo yakhiwe.

Ukunikela ingqalelo kulo lonke ulwazi oluqulethwe kweli nqaku, kungabangela le ntetho ilandelayo: incoko omnye; zilungisiwe yaye okungalungiselelwanga; preliterate, wathi itekisi yoncwadi.