Yintoni lo mzuzu dipole

Cinga, njengoko isicelo electrodynamics ukuba mzuzu dipole enjalo. abathwali intlawulo iyevakala flowing ecaleni isahlulo ngqo le nkqubo umqhubi, ifom ngqo yangoku. Ngako oko, kukho sangoku uthe isigxina yangoku (mna L, apho ndiya - ixabiso, L - ubude). Ngenxa yoko, lo mthetho Ampere kaThixo kuqwalaselwa isigxina ezimbini parallel ngoku L, elusa yokungapheli. Kwi loop closed iziqingatha zayo ezimbini babe malunga we kwicala lwangoku, ekusekeni dipole yangoku. Ehlabathini ngalinye yasendle dipole eyenziweyo omtsha, nto leyo luphawulwa ngayo intlawulo dipole egcine ezijolise aa-moya apho aya ikhoyo. Ibizwa ngokuba umzuzwana dipole. Kodwa ekubeni thina sicinga kuphela izakhi ngoku, emva koko aye electromagnetism, lo gama ingabizwa ngokwahlukileyo. Elinye igama - le dipole mzuzu magnetic (PM, maxa wambi m).

Oku umele enye iimpawu eziphambili nayiphi na into. Kukholelwa ukuba kuvela lo mzuzu dipole ngenxa imisinga (njengoko kwi sekuba kunye macrosystems). Phantsi sekuba kule meko libhekisela atom: lihamba kwindawo yazo setyhula iintlawulo (electron) kungathathwa njengento ombane. Ekubeni izinto siquka amasuntswana sabaqalayo, ngalinye nalo amandla yayo. Nceda uqaphele ukuba phantsi amasuntswana eziziziqalelo kufuneka iqondwe kuphela molekyuli kunye athom, kodwa protons, neutron, elektroni, kunye namacandelo mhlawumbi kakhulu. Kweli qela ubucukubhede umyinge we-dipole mzuzu otsalayo ngenxa ujikeleziso semvelo sikamatshini - Ihlole. Noko ke, le ingcamango isandula ngokwandileyo ngemibuzo ekukhanyeni theory asendle-yamasuntswana yakutshanje. Umzekelo, ukuba selikho, yamkeleka ngokubanzi ubukho ekuthiwa dipole anomalous ixabiso yabo yahlukile ekubaleni equation imfundiso umyinge. Kodwa evela entsimini imbono apho lo mhlaba otsalayo nayiphi na yamasuntswana samabanga akukho generated ukujikeleza isigxina carrier spin, yaye yenye macandelo lomgadi magnetic field, dipole okungaqhelekanga ngokulula iyaqondakala. Ixabiso ichazwa njenge iseti ethile yeenombolo quantum icandelo ulungiso Ihlole. Ngoko ke, lo mzuzu kazibuthe Generating neutron ixhomekeke amandla umbane ezahlukahlukeneyo lentsimi yayo kagesi.

Xa kubalwa inani layo libe isekethe usebenzisa indlela kongezwe elipheleleyo ngamaxesha dipole ye dipole aphantsi lwangoku, ukudala isetyhula loop elivaliweyo.

mzuzu Dipole kwi electrodynamics emiselwe ifomula:

PM = S mna n,

apho - ixabiso elibaleka yangoku; S - indawo loop evaliweyo (setyhula); n - vector ngqo aa-moya ibekwe apho loop. Nangona indlela ngasentla zibonisa, PM yobukhulu kumda wesangqa owabangela ukuba unako yoconjululwa kwesesikweni eyaziwa zombane classical ulawulo komnwe (Screw lasekunene-lesandla): ukuba Screw ejikelezayo wengqikelelo kuthelekiswa icala aya lwangoku, isindululo Screw umzimba ungqamane kumda wesangqa oyifunayo.

Intsimi zombane le dipole yahlukile ukusuka kwindawo isigxina intsimi, kuqala kwiinto zonke, uqwalaselo imigca yasendle. Ekubeni ngokwembono ophanda dipole efanayo yinkqubo ukulungelelana ezimbini iintlawulo zombane, leyo ilingana kwiimodyuli, kwaye ezichaseneyo malunga (+ yaye -), umgca ohambelana ukugogeka ekuqaleni kwentlawulo, yaye kwelinye icala. Kwimeko omnye kuphela indawo imigca kwentlawulo carrier diverge ngeenxa zonke, ngathi ibhalbhu.