Yintoni ikhaya? Imisebenzi yasekhaya. ikhaya

Yiloo nto ke imeko ntle indlu ixhomekeke ngqo kwi kakuhle-ntle kwayo. Okwangoku, indlu emaphandleni uthathwa ukuba ibe liqumrhu omkhulu kwezoqoqosho, iyazigatya ingqalelo karhulumente, unika amalungelo ezincinane iifama kunye nezibonelelo zemali. It nendlu kuqoqosho kwimarike mihla kugqalwa sisalathisi nkqubo zentlalo, ngoko sifanele ingqalelo engakumbi kwi-arhente zikarhulumente.

Yintoni ikhaya?

Zama ukuqonda ukuba yintoni na indlu, ziziphi iimpawu ezahlukileyo. Le meko multi-amaninzi, enxulumene zonke iinkalo zobomi eluntwini mihla. Inzala ekhaya show:

• abameli;
• ootitshala zamaziko emfundo;
• abameli beenkonzo manani;
• kwabantu;
• zezoqoqosho;
• Kakuhle yaziwa tipolitiki.

Study and zoku- - ingxaki karhulumente, ingakumbi ezifanelekileyo ezikhoyo ngoku kwezoqoqosho. Inzala kwi khaya ngenxa imeko entsonkothileyo demographic kweli lizwe, iingxaki ezininzi kwimimandla yasemaphandleni. Xa ilizwe lethu eninzi kumhlaba ongenanto, ezo uzama ukuphuhlisa abalimi ezinokwenzeka.

iintlobo yasekhaya

Sisihlandlo sokuqala zoku- ezifumaneka mibhobho ye-sobulumko yamandulo baseAthene noXenophon (430-355 gg. BC). Sobulumko ichaza imisebenzi esisiseko yekhaya, wacebisa ukulinywa kwezityalo, wayethetha ngayo igadi.

Musa ukuhlala kude le ngxaki, noAristotle, ukuba babefake elithi 'uqoqosho' njenge kwiwotshi indlu, oko kwakubekwe sigwetyelwe zoku-. Eyona njongo iphambili kuqoqosho lobuqu uAristotle wabeka ingeniso, ubutyebi phindo.

amakhaya History

Ngowe-1861 mbali Swiss J. Bachofen wapapasha incwadi ethi "Mother Ekunene", ezaba ekuqaleni amakhaya isifundo. Ichaza imithetho ezisisiseko bacoca Swiss, wenza izigqibo malunga nokubaluleka home economics.

Household wadlula indlela ende zazivelela enxulumene nophuhliso lomiwo mhlaba.

Ngoko ke yintoni na ikhaya? Yeyona umsebenzi usapho, iqela labantu umntu othile, abahlala kwindawo ethile, ukuba wena nayo yonke imveliso eziyimfuneko ukuze ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Eli candelo unyule host, nto leyo yinkokeli. It elisombulula imiba enxulumene iingxaki kunye noxanduva kwezoqoqosho. Kuyinto umnini egqiba-moya eziphathekayo, oko linoxanduva kakuhle-ntle onke amalungu osapho. Ngokomthetho ezidibanise izifundo ekuqhubeni imisebenzi joint izalamane, abahlobo kunye nezihlobo. Okwangoku, kukho amakhaya ezahlukeneyo kuqoqosho, baye basilela ukubonisa ukungxamiseka kunye nemfuneko.

Types of amakhaya

Kukho ezinye iinketho:

• kwabendlu ekhaya;
• nendlu bezizwe ngezizwe.

Ukuba yokuqala ukhetho iquka ngokuhlalisana onke amalungu entsapho, kwimeko yesibini, abameli uqoqosho aphile kumazwe ahlukeneyo, sibe nolwalamano eziphathekayo kunye nabanye.

imisebenzi yasekhaya

Esi sakhiwo inceda ukugcina uluntu umdla ngakulo kwezopolitiko, usapho, izinto. Ukuze uqonde ukuba yintoni na indlu, kufuneka ukudwelisa imisebenzi yayo engundoqo:

• Ukudlalwa lwezibonelelo zokusebenza (ukuzalwa imfundo yabantwana);
• nokudalwa lwabasebenzi;
• zentlalo (inkxaso amalungu entsapho abakhubazekileyo);
• ukusekwa ubudlelwane;
• ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ngabanye ilungu ngalinye lentsapho;
• ukonga kunye nokwanda-asethi (eziphathekayo nangokomoya);
• ukuphuhliswa kwezakhono zoshishino.

Ukongeza kwipropati le ninakho ilizwe, izibonelelo zemali, amandla abasebenzi. Abanye enkcitho yamakhaya neyalo unaniselwano. Uninzi iimfuno endlu isigqibo ngenxa yokuba imicimbi yezoqoqosho kunye nabanye ezifama.

Naziphi na makhaya zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kuqoqosho, negalelo ukusebenzisa lo mhlaba, ukuqeshwa abahlali. Esi sigaba kubandakanya ukusekwa, ukuyilwa ubuntu, uphuhliso kweemfuno eziphathekayo nangokomoya ziintsapho. imithetho ezisisiseko indlu kuhlangene ukuba nesimilo emsebenzini, izithethe zentlalo. Lidala ibhulorho phakathi kwimarike yemisebenzi, iimveliso zabathengi, kwiimalike zemali.

iimpawu uphawu yekhaya

Ukuze uqonde ukuba yintoni na indlu, siphawula ukuba zoqoqosho ziye iimpawu ezithile ngenxa yalo;

• afumane inzuzo kuwo onke amalungu oluntu;
• imisebenzi joint;
• ubomi afakelwe.

iintlobo yasekhaya

Iingcali iindlela ezintlanu kumakhaya, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ubudlelwane phakathi kwamalungu osapho.

1. Uhlobo lokuqala ikhaya apho kukho umnini omnye kuphela.
2. Uhlobo lwesibini indlu okwelo izalamane abangenazo iimbopheleleko zomtshato.
3. Uhlobo lwesithathu kuqoqosho iya kuququzelela isibini esitshatileyo kunye nabantwana.
4. Xa Uhlobo lwesine, ukongeza abatshatileyo, kusenokubakho ezinye izalamane.
5. Le ukhetho sesihlanu wayeza kuba elikhulu-isikali kwifama multi-entsatsheni, equka iintsapho ezininzi.

Iinketho zokuhlelwa amakhaya

Onke amakhaya zihlelwa ngokwezi khrayitheriya zilandelayo:

• iimpawu zobuhlanga, into ke leyo exela non-usapho kunye nosapho iifama, inani lamalungu, ubudala kunye nesini;
• ngokwendawo egqame yommandla ngokuphathelele uhlobo lwezindlu, ukufumaneka zothutho, ubungakanani isabelo komhlaba;
• kwisivuno esekelwe umntu omnye, kuthathelwa ingqalelo zonke iintlobo ingeniso efunyenweyo;
• Iimpawu zoqoqosho ezinxulumene kunye nembono yengqesho, lweshishini ojolise;
• uphawu lezaBasebenzi kubhekisela kwinani labasebenzi kunye noqeqesho lwabo;
• iimpawu zentlalo ezinxulumene ingeniso yosapho.

Ixabiso kwi amakhaya rhwebo

It ikuvumela ukuba ukunika inqanaba eyimfuneko kwimfuno yabathengi, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu ukuze likwazi ukusebenza kweendlela kwezoqoqosho zemalike. yomzi lu dityanisiwe kutyalo-mali, ukunceda necandelo leebhanki msebenzi. iifama ezinjalo kuba izinto emveliso, ukunika ithuba lokuba abantu abaqhelekileyo ukuba baphuhlise izakhono zabo zoshishino.

Yonke indlu lisebenza ngokusondeleyo namanye ezahlukeneyo kwezolimo:

• market ngeenkonzo kunye nempahla yabathengi;
• factor market;
• kwiimalike zemali.

amakhaya ukufundisa abafundi Imizekelo

Ngokusebenzisa izandla-on isifundo "Household" (Grade 6), utitshala uthi ngokubaluleka ilungu losapho ngalinye, isabelo phakathi amalungelo noxanduva. Njengoko umzekelo olula, ishishini ekhaya-based, exelela abafundi, anike ukulinywa kwemifuno (amazambane). Olu hlobo lweshishini ilungele iintsapho abahlala kwimimandla yasemaphandleni. Yintoni ukuxelela abantwana?

Utitshala ucacisa ukuba abantwana injongo yeshishini, iimpawu zayo. Abantwana baya kufunda malunga neentlobo zomhlaba, nto leyo efanelekileyo ukulinywa Zasemtata. Ukusebenza ngokwamaqela, abafundi banikele izicwangciso zoshishino yabo, ukufunda nokubhala mali yokuqala. Utitshala ethetha malunga nobungozi zezimali nokulinywa le isityalo, kukho iindlela zokugcina namazambane. GEF kubandakanya umsebenzi projekthi okanye uphando umfundi ngamnye, ungenza iprojekthi ngokusekelwe indlu yabo.

home economics for girls

Nangona le nguqulelo ezininzi kwenziwa kwinkqubo yemfundo mihla, ukufumana izakhono ngabendlu yakhe kumsebenzi wenkonzo eklasini amantombazana. bemizi elizayo ukufumana ulwazi okokuqala ukucwangcisela ibhajethi usapho, funda ukubala ibhajethi yakho yenyanga. Ukongeza, amantombazana izifundo yabasebenzi ukufunda izisekelo zokupheka, waba iiresiphi yimpumelelo, funda uyiluke, ukuthunga, ukuluka.

GEF ibandakanya uyilo, ukuphunyezwa, nokubonelela la mantombazana lweprojekthi yakhe. Amaninzi isekelwe na indlu. Umzekelo, iprojekthi kwiteknoloji eklasini 5 esinxulunyaniswa kunye nokudalwa kwamalweyile kwentambo ezintle. Le mveliso ogqityiweyo yintombazana anganika mama, kamakhulu okanye ukuqonda kwi mboniso esikolweni, ukufumana ukuba izinto yomsebenzi umvuzo wabo. Ngexesha le misebenzi, abantwana bafunda iziseko kwezoshishino, nto leyo eya kubanceda kwixesha elizayo ukwenza ikhaya ngempumelelo labucala.

isiphelo

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, indoda indlu ukubonelela ngokwabo, iintsapho zabo kunye ukutya kunye neempahla. Ekubeni kude sele iwupasisile ixesha elininzi, kodwa ukufaneleka khaya sele ninganciphi. Ukuze sisinde zokwenene zoqoqosho ezinzima, iintsapho ezininzi ukusuka kwizixeko ezinkulu emaphandleni.

Phakathi kwezona eziqhelekileyo iindidi endlu, emphathele ingeniso elungileyo, yindlela esiwaphawula iinkomo yokukhulisa neentaka zizalele nakuzo. Umzekelo, kufuywe ukukhulisa emfutshane cha kuphela ingeniso elungileyo, kodwa inokuba iphedi sungula yokwenene ishishini enkulu. Household ayahlukanga lukhulu amashishini amakhulu orhwebo. Ubume bombutho ishishini, indlela yokuthengisa imveliso, umnqweno ukufumana yenzuzo evela kwintengiso kwaye bakholisa iifama ezincinci kunye neenkampani ezinkulu.

Umahluko omkhulu phakathi zasendlini ubukhulu ayo, ukuqeshwa nezalamane, abahlobo. LwamaKhaya kwimarike zemali namhlanje aziphelelanga isicelo elula egciniweyo emali, oko kuthatha i ukuthandana kunye namaziko zemali. Iimali-mboleko kumafama amancinci, ebavumela ukuba.

Amakhaya swi ekhula iimveliso zabo, musa nje ukunceda abantu basinde xa iimeko zoqoqosho ezinzima, kodwa kwakhona ukunika ithemba ngomso.