Yintoni eyona nto iphambili, ekulelona kolu qweqwe lomhlaba?

Kuba abo bantu bayiphulaphula ngomdla utitshala esikolweni, uya kuba nomdla ukwazi ukuba into ephambili, ekulelona kolu qweqwe lomhlaba - i-oksijini.

kolu qweqwe lomhlaba, iimpawu zayo

Iintlobo ezimbini kolu qweqwe lomhlaba kukuba elizwekazi yolwandle. Igama libonisa, bahlukene into rhoqo. Ziyashiyana kumafa, isakhiwo kunye nezinye iimpawu.

Kunokudala kuqweqwe lomhlaba kwimimandla yolwandle ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• intlenge, leyo Azigubungele ngamazantsi olwandle (ubukhulu layer - ukusuka iimitha ezimbalwa ngeekhilomitha emibini);
• abangelwe, ngenxa crystallization ye lolu daka wambumba leyo lukhupha amagumbi daka (ubukhulu - ukusuka km-4 ukuya kwi-10);
• gabbro-yeNyoka olwahlula kuqweqwe ukusuka yokwaleka (5-6 km).

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, i ngaphambili ezahlulwe uqweqwe yolwandle kuphela maleko ezimbini zokuqala, kodwa ndiqhuba izifundo zejoloji, izazinzulu ziye zachongwa umaleko wesithathu.

Kunokudala kuqweqwe lomhlaba kwimimandla yelizwekazi:

• Intlenge (ubukhulu - up ayi-15);
• igranite (iikhilomitha-15 ukuya ku-50);
• Abangelwe (15-20 km).

Eqweqweni lizwekazi iye likhulu umthamo (t. E. Ukutyeba) ngaphezu kolwandle, kuba liphuma ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle, yaye kummandla weentaba ngokubanzi ebenokudlula uqweqwe yolwandle bamandla.

Le khemikhali Ukwakhiwa kuqweqwe lomhlaba

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, loo nto iphambili, ekulelona kolu qweqwe lomhlaba - i-oksijini. Ngokuqhelekileyo, akukho ndikho ngendlela esulungekileyo, kwaye enze njengoko iikhompawundi kunye neminye imichiza zingene ekwakhiweni, yaye loo mlinganiselo kwaso ngaphezulu kwama-49 ekhulwini.

Ukwakhiwa eqweqweni ubiza aluminosilicate, iikhompawundi aluminiyam (isiqalelo 13 kwi ngamaxesha itheyibhile imichiza) kunye lesilicon (Silicium - kule ngamaxesha itheyibhile izakhi zenani 14) ne-oksijini. Ipesenti ye yolwandle uqweqwe Sio ₂ - 61,9, xa kumazwekazi - 49,4, kwaye umxholo i-aluminiyamu ambaxa Al ₂ O ₃ phantse iyafana - 15.6% kunye-16% ngokulandelelana. Ezinye izinto ezifana calcium, nemagnesium, ferrum, titanium, isodiyam, potassium, manganese, nayo leyo yiluciferase ekumgangatho ophambili ezenza lo uqweqwe emhlabeni, babe umyinge ukususela 0.1 ukuya kwi-5.7 ekhulwini.

Luluphi ulwazi ekufundeni kolu qweqwe lomhlaba onika geography kwisayensi esikolweni

kuqweqwe lomhlaba kwinkqubo yezemfundo ithathwa kwimeko apho lowo uMhlaba, ukuba ngumbuzo kukho isitya esembindini yangaphakathi - undoqo ingubo enkulu kunye, enyanisweni, kuqweqwe lomhlaba, equka amacwecwe lithospheric, ehamba ngesantya esisezantsi (ukuya ngokweesentimitha 10 ngonyaka) ngaphezu ingubo. Xa geophysicist waseKhanada ndizalelwe uthelekiso umdla. Wathi ukuba Umhlaba kuyafana iqanda, kuphekwa "engxoweni", oko kukuthi akukho eluhlaza.

isakhiwo ezingu (Grade 7, ngasendleleni, iinkcukacha ezingakumbi, ndikunyibilikise ngokufezekileyo wasikhangela isihloko ngaphezu inkqubo lesithandathu) olufundwa ngokusekelwe zezifundo, ezo akasoloko ixesha kwezinto ezintsha kunye notshintsho kubume bezinto boMhlaba. Kodwa nezimaphambili ezingundoqo kwaziswa efikeleleka kakhulu nangokuchanekileyo.

Izimanga evela Earth

Musa ukucinga ukuba xa intshukumo kweengqimba kwesikhoko singabalulekanga - iisentimitha 10 kuphela ngonyaka, akukho imingcipheko ebomini bomntu apho. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, imisebenzi, zifihlwe noqweqwe, ekhuthele kakhulu nonamandla. Sithetha malunga neenyikima kunye neziqhushumbisi mlilo.

Eminye imithombo zibonisa ukuba kunyaka ehlabathini lonke kukho malunga namakhulu amahlanu amawaka iinyikima ngegalelo ubukhulu. Lo msebenzi liphezulu ibonwa emhlabeni kwipleyiti wePasifiki.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni na le ntlekele?

Ukuthintela komhlaba engenakwenzeka. Forces esamcaphukisayo le ntlekele, ezingaphaya kolawulo lomntu, kuba umthombo kwazo zithe gangqa kakhulu nakulinganiswa infiltrate abantu. Thina nje "ukukhwezela macala" umaleko phezulu (kodwa kwisithuba-13 km) ngexesha xa indawo zinzulu abhalwe ngayo kumbindi womhlaba le nyikima leyo 750 leekhilomitha.

Kodwa kwenziwa yonke into kusengaphambili iintlekele amandla, igunya layo kunye nendawo. Ukulungiselela le njongo, seismographs.

Uphando njalo kunika ithuba lokuba enze umfanekiso lomsebenzi obuphethelene, yaye ukuba zikuthathele ingqalelo oku ingqalelo ngexesha lokwakha. Engineers, ke, basebenza kwi loyilo ezintsha ekwaziyo withstanding umsebenzi onjalo. Ikhutshwa phandle njalo kwi wokwazisa uluntu malunga nendlela baziphathe kwimeko yenyikima.

phenomenon eyoyikekayo, ezinokuthi zenzeke ngenxa wesibetho - itsunami. Ngoko ke, ngo-2011 amaza amakhulu amanzi olwandle babeyigqobhozile ilizwe North-East of Japan, ngenxa yokuba ukufa abantu malunga-16 amawaka, yaye ngaphezu kwesigidi izakhiwo zatshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxenye. Ukuquka zamandla ezintathu isityalo amandla enyukliya "Fukushima-1". abantu abangaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu amawaka basala ngaphandle uphahla phezu kwentloko yakho. Esi siganeko efanayo abachaphazelekayo ukujikeleza koMhlaba, kodwa abafane ephawuleka abantu, njengoko imini yaba ezimfutshane yi microseconds 1.8 kuphela. Injalo loo nto, ukubamba phezu yintoni na le nto iphambili, ekulelona kolu qweqwe lomhlaba, saya iingxaki ezinokuvela ngenxa iinkqubo efihliweyo lilo.