Yintoni adrenaline? Iadrenaline: inkcazelo, indima, imisebenzi kunye neziphumo

Yintoni adrenaline? Kuyinto hormone Medulla oyintloko, nto leyo yenziweyo adrenal. Epinephrine ubuye enze njenge neurotransmitter. Noko ke, isakhiwo eekhemikhali kwento leyo wayesathetha catecholamines. Iadrenaline kube lula zifumaneka ancedisana amalungu omzimba wethu. Okwangoku, kukho hormone zendalo nje kuphela, kodwa ichiza eyenziweyo ukuba isoloko isetyenziswa njengonyango.

Yintoni adrenaline?

Le nto ke kubalulekile ukuba umntu, ingakumbi kwiimeko uxinezeleko. Ngapha koko, le hormone ivumela in seconds ukuba enze isigqibo: ukubaleka okanye alwe umva. Act yoloyiko iqala kwiimeko xa umntu ufumana ixhala, uloyiko okanye ingozi. Kukuninzi, hormone ingaveliselwa kumalungiselelo yokwenzakala ezahlukeneyo kunye nokutsha. Ukuba umntu sikwimo bothukile, ngoko ukuze soyise ezi mvakalelo inceda naye lo adrenaline.

njani

Ukuze uqonde ukuba yintoni na iadrenaline, kufuneka ukuqonda indlela iziyobisi kuchaphazela umzimba. Ngomhla isiphumo kwale hormone iyafana kwiinkqubo kubangela ukuba ipoti ye-luvo novelwano. Ngenxa yoko kukho ifuthe receptors uA kunye b-adrenergic.

Ngenxa yoko, isizukulwana adrenaline emzimbeni womntu kuboniswe vasoconstriction ise eluswini, kwi kwisisu kunye yangaphakathi. Kodwa loo nto bonke. Izikhephe ise ebuchotsheni, phezu koko, siyanda. Emva ukuba ephawulwe ukunyuka koxinzelelo lwegazi. Inhliziyo iqala kunye enomoya. Kwezinye iimeko, kukho ugrogriso arrhythmia, kodwa ngenxa yokuba isiphumo inhibitory of the luvo vagus basemngciphekweni bradycardia reflex.

IsiGaba adrenaline ukusebenza ngomhla uxinzelelo lwegazi

Kukho izigaba ezine eziphambili hormone wanefuthe uxinzelelo lwegazi. Phakathi kwazo kukho ezi:

1. Heart. Kulo mzekelo, excitation b ₁ adrenoceptors. Ngenxa yoko, kukho ukwanda kwimveliso ezesifuba ukwanda koxinzelelo lwegazi iSystolic.
2. Vagal. Esi sigaba zisekelwe phezu ukusebenza kwe iziseko luvo vagus. Lubonakala, njengoko umthetho, uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi.
3. pressor yegazi. Esi sigaba linxulunyaniswa excitation kunye _1- kunye _{receptors-2-adrenergic} ngokunjalo. Kukho ingcinezelo uphawu lweenkqubo vasopressor yoluvo Isigaba vagal. Kule uxinzelelo lwegazi liphuma kwakhona.
4. Depressor nemithambo. Kweli nqanaba b _2- okwandileyo umsebenzi adrenaretseptorov. Ngenxa yoko, kukho wegazi.

Yesingxobo: incazelo ihomoni

adrenaline yabantu yahlukile siyobisi zokwenziwa. Noko ke, ifuthe lazo emzimbeni ngokulinganayo. Ngokwahlukileyo ukuze adrenaline basabele umsipha egudileyo. Ngapha koko, ukuba receptors ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo adrenergic. Umzekelo, ukuthanjiswa inyumoniya agudileyo izihlunu kunye emathunjini kwenzeka xa b ₂ -adrenoceptor uvuselelo, kunye nokwandiswa umfundi - kwindawo inkanuko ₁ -adrenoceptor.

Imiphumo iadrenaline, eziphezu umzimba womntu, naye kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Musa ukulibala ukuba lo hormone catabolic. Yoloyiko uyakwazi ukusebenza kuzo zonke iintlobo exchange lokwenene. Le hormone kwandisa inqanaba iswekile yegazi. Ukongeza, iyeza unako ukuphucula inyama ukutya.

Ngoko ke yintoni na iadrenaline? Iingcali attribute oko kubo kontrinsulyarnyh. Epinephrine unako ukuphucula gluconeogenesis kunye glycogenolysis. Ngenxa yoko abazizidalwa yazo zonke iinkqubo yokuvelisa kunye glycogen esibindini kunye nokuqaqamba skeletal. Ngelo xesha iphucula bamba nentshabalalo glucose. Ngenxa yoku, i-enzayim glycolytic luyasebenza.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba iadrenaline hormone, indima nemisebenzi eziye kudala kufundwe, kunciphisa kuyondelelaniswe ezityebileyo kwaye ikhuthaza nokuthotywa yayo. Ukuba xi weli iphezulu kakhulu, kwaye oluncediswayo protein catabolism ebantwini.

imiphumela eyingozi

Hormone inempembelelo entle yokusebenza izihlunu skeletal. Lo mhlaba kubalulekile xa izinto ukudinwa. Noko ke, phezu ukungakhuseleki adrenaline ngayo eli laphu ziphawulwe ezinye utshintsho ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ubukhulu becala ukwanda imisipha skeletal kunye myocardium. It is a uhlobo lohlengahlengiso ukuya ntshikilelo rhoqo imithwalo eliphezulu emzimbeni.

Ukongeza, neprothini catabolism eyandisiweyo, izihlunu ubunzima kunye namandla nciphisa. Ngenxa yokuba sesichengeni ixesha elide ukuba umntu ukuncipha kwezimvo. A meko efanayo kwenzeka olokuxina. Le nto ichaphazela inkqubo luvo. Ngenxa yoko, kunokwenzeka ukuba kwandiswe ixesha uphaphama, amandla ngengqondo kunye nomsebenzi. Konke oku kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa nokuvuselelwa yonke imikhosi zomzimba.

izinto ezintle

Izazinzulu esebenzisekayo inyaniso yokuba hormone luluncedo. Eneneni, xa yezonyango idla kusetyenziswa adrenaline. Kuthetha ntoni kuwe? Hormone uye iipropati anti-komzimba kunye anti-ukudumba. Le nto iya kumthintela ukuba uphume prostaglandins, leukotrienes, kinin, histamine, serotonin kunye nezinye kwamagciwane. Ukongeza, i-iadrenaline unako ukuphucula igazi ekunqandeni, ukuze kwandiswe inani kunye nomsebenzi ziiplatelets.

Musa ukulibala ukuba le hormone usoloko ekhona emzimbeni womntu. Noko ke, ukuba uxinzelelo ubungakanani liphuma kabukhali, kukho ngokuhlanganisa zonke iinkqubo metabolic. Kulo mzekelo, umntu uyakwazi ukuziva ukudubuleka enamandla ngokweemvakalelo. Abanye badla bazive ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Kungenxa yesi sizathu ukuba abantu baqalisa ukuzibandakanya kwimidlalo eyingozi. It is a uhlobo nonesi adrenaline.

Ngawo amayeza

Le adrenaline ihomoni, njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla, ngokufuthi isetyenziswa amayeza. Apha asisetyenziswa njenge hyperglycemic, anti-negazi, a bronchodilator, vasoconstrictor, arhente unesifo. Ukongeza, into esetyenziswa asystole, ukopha empahleni befunda ulusu kunye inwebu yangaphakathi, vula-engile glaucoma. Yoloyiko uyakwazi ukunciphisa imeko yesigulane.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba isiphumo kwezonyango hormone zibonwa phantse nangoko emva ulawulo efakwa. Kwezinye iimeko ke kuyimfuneko ukuba alinde kancinane. Ukuba ichiza ilawulwa kwesikhumba, isiphumo kwenzeka emva kwemizuzu eli-10 ukuba intramuscularly - imizuzu engama-20.

Kwakhona, lo iadrenaline isetyenziswa zomzimba. Kulo mzekelo hormone constricts imithambo yegazi ulusu kunye inwebu yangaphakathi, kusihla ukuhamba kwegazi. Oku kuyimfuneko ukuze kuncitshiswe izinga ukufunxeka iintlungu. Ke kaloku, njengokuba umthetho, kwandisa ixesha ukuboniswa kwabo.