Vestibular luvo cochlear: inkcazelo, isakhiwo kunye nokwakheka

Anatomists bodwa izibini ezilishumi imithambo-luvo ukuba abe imisebenzi ethile kwaye ibekwe ngaphakathi intloko kunye nentamo. Omnye wabo ke nemithambo vestibulocochlear. Nguye onoxanduva uvakalelo ezizodwa: yokuva siwe. Ukophulwa ukwakheka komzimba wakhe okanye umsebenzi kunokukhokelela amalungelo abo baneengxaki.

isakhiwo

Yintoni na luvo vestibulocochlear? Komzimba nto inzima kakhulu, njengoko sisiseko igama, iquka ingcambu ezimbini ezahlukeneyo, kunye nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Lokuqala - i vestibular, inoxanduva ibhalansi ukunikezela misele omise sendlebe engaphakathi. Okwesibini - ukuva, uqhuba iminqweno ukusuka mibono njengecochlea ukuya emqolo wakhe.

Nerve ithatha imvelaphi yayo kumphezulu emazantsi zifaka, eshiya lo mbandela ezingwevu eziba yomnquma kwi Oblongata Medulla kwaye bethetha ngezantsi kwe luvo yobuso. isebe ukuva kuqala esiludumbo ye njengecochlea, kunye neenkqubo zayo neuropathy kuphela ngomzimba ezijikeleze kunye zokuphuma esembindini ngalo phezulu iphiramidi amathambo ekuva ebuchotsheni yaye ifikelela eziba cochlear.

Okwesibini, i vestibular, isebe nayo iqala nge eziguqula, nto leyo ibekwe kwindlebe engaphakathi. I-luvo zezi luvo yiya misele omise, ungqukuva neebhegi okweqanda. A Umzobo wesi njengenxalenye ingcambu vestibular sithunyelwa mngxuma diamond-emile yaye iphela khona, kwi eziba vestibular.

ezindlebeni Ukunikeza

Ikhala inkqubo imbono lomntu kunokuba nzima. Apho engaphandle, oluphakathi kunye indlebe engaphakathi, luvo kodwa vestibulocochlear innervates kuphela ngaphakathi. Okokuqala, amaza omsindo ndakala indlebe. oscillations zayo kudluliselwa ihamile, nensimbi nestibili, leyo ezihambelanayo. Kunye ngumtshangatshangiso kuchaphazela sistapes window okweqanda, ekummandla olwandulela Maze. Iintshukumo kubangela ukubana le perilymph kunye endolymph ngaphakathi Kaka-. Oscillate kunye izabelo ulwelo kunye yesibini indlebe, lo basilar okanye nembasa. On kulo lunwele zvukovosprinimayuschego, ivelisa azilawule-luvo. Oku yadluliselwa kwicandelo helical, ibekwe endlebeni. Iinkqubo ze iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezibumba esiludumbo ibekwe ngokusebenzisa umngxuma indlebe emisele kunye, ukudibanisa kunye luvo vestibular, yiya kwi bhulorho, apho lwesiyobisi isiphelo kwi nuclei cochlear kwi fossa rhomboid.

axons cochlear neuronal phambana kwaye zenze loop lateral. Imicu ziye zohlulwa. Inxenye encinci iphela phezu hillocks asezantsi ipleyiti quadrigemina (ephakathi). Ke ezinye iya imizimba geniculate medial kwi diencephalon okanye ngumongo medial thalamic.

umsebenzi balance

Kuba eseleyo emzimbeni kwisithuba ngexesha intshukumo kwaye ukuphumla likwanoxanduva vestibulocochlear luvo. Driving innervation wayo ukusuka uninitiated kunokubangela bekumele ukuba ukuqinisekisa ukuba lo msebenzi ifuna msebenzi yolunye ungamalungu amaninzi e-nervous system.

Umsebenzi ophambili izixhobo vestibular kukuba nangeliphi ixesha elinikiweyo kukuhlalutya ukuma intloko kwISithuba nyenyisa indawo ithoni umzimba kwezihlunu. Ilungu elijongene ukulungelelana, ecaleni ukuya ekubeni kukho ibiselidubule phakathi kwaye imele ezintathu ezidibanayo okweqanda channel, okweqanda yaye isiphelo njengamaqhakuva ukulenza. Phakathi kwezi zakhiwo ke, kwaneenwele ezi zibekwe ukuba ecingela utshintsho kwindawo entloko, ukukhawulezisa emboxo kunye nemicwe, kunye notshintsho womxhuzulane.

Ukususela iinwele sensory iinkqubo peripheral zemithambo-luvo zithunyelwa kwisiza vestibular, sise ezantsi ithambo zexeshana. Engena iziyobisi ingqondo, i-luvo sibhekiswe yiRHOMBUS umngxuma eziba vestibular. Ukususela iinkqubo ibhulorho zemithambo-luvo ayashiyana umnqonqo (ukuba eziba sesigodlo cipande), kwiCerebellum (uthinte worm), thalamus (nucleus vestibular) kwaye ukuyilwa reticular (kubumba of luvo cranial). Ezi zithinteli zinika umzimba impendulo enobuntu ukukhuthazwa receptor vestibular. Lonke ulwazi livela izakhiwo subcortical kule ndawo gyrus oluphakathi kunye ophantsi zezomzuzwana, apho iziko imisebenzi iimoto, embindini ubuntununtunu kunye nomzimba iziko schema iyonke.

uphando ukuva

Yintoni ekufuneka uyenze ukuze ubone ukuba umsebenzi wabo engaqhubi kakuhle vestibulocochlear luvo? amasebe awo amabini zivavanywa ngokwahlukeneyo. Ukuva Uphando olwenziwe oogqirha ENT, neurologists, zaye zaphuhliswa yengqondo, kwaye ngokunjalo efanayo zonke iimvavanyo ezizodwa.

Konke kuqala uvavanyo ukuva elula. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umntu kufuneka kumgama oziimitha ezintlanu ukuva ibhekiswe kuye intetho behleba. Ukuva ilahleko okanye ukungabikho oko ndingamkhubekisi ukulahleka kuphela sendlebe engaphandle okanye phakathi, kodwa lwangaphakathi. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuqonda oonobangela esi sifo.

1. Schwabach test kusekelwe yokulinganisa ubude Uhanjiso ithambo. Camerton ziquka wazibeka phezu ithambo mastoid emva indlebe. Ukuba isigulana akuthethi uve isandi, ngoko ke ingxaki - endlebeni engaphakathi, kodwa ukuba isandi siviwe ixesha elide kunokuba kuyimfuneko, lo ngezifo na kwicandelo phakathi analyzer.
2. Rinne test ibhaqa umahluko phakathi umoya kunye Uhanjiso ithambo. Okuqukiweyo ukwanelisa fork obekwe kwi amathambo mastoid, kwaye isigulane ucelwa ukuba bathi xa kuphinda uya kuva isandi. Esi sixhobo idluliselwe kwi-pinna. Kwimeko apho isigulane siphilile, isandi iya kuviwa.
3. Weber test. Asanda iyasebenza ukwanelisa ifolokhwe ibekwe kwindawo isithsaba mntu, yaye ugqirha uyabuza, leyo icala isandi sivakala kakuhle. Ukuba isigulane ibonisa icala nomonde, oku kuthetha egameni yomonakalo zendlebe, kwaye ukuba usempilweni, ingxaki - ezingaphakathi endlebeni.

Ukuhlolwa lizama

Vestibulocochlear luvo likwanoxanduva eseleyo, ngoko neurologists ekuhlolweni ehlanganisiweyo badla babhenele iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ukukhangela ukuxhathisa yesigulane:

1. Romberg kaThixo uvavanyo - enye iinketho ezininzi eqhelekileyo. Isigulane ucelwa ukuba nime up kanye kangangokuba iinyawo kumgca enye, le nto andigweqe yonyawo waphumla nxamnye toe yesibini. Izandla ushukunyiswayo ngaphandle okanye ngqo phambili. Ugqirha wabuza ukuba enze amanyathelo ezimbalwa phambili kuqala ngamehlo akho evulekileyo uze ivaliwe. Nedumbe iqinelwa kwimeko yesibini ibhekisela umonakalo indlebe engaphakathi.
2. Test Mittelnaera. Isigulane uhamba emhlabeni ngamehlo akhe ivaliwe. Ukuba kukho ukusilela izixhobo vestibular, ngoko ngokuthe ngcembe uya kujika kwicala ezonka.

Ukuhlula isebe cochlear

Hlula vestibulocochlear luvo kwisiza onoxanduva nokuhlawulwa pulses ekuva ibonwa ezithile clinical. Kukho iindlela ezimbini ukulawula:

- sound Uhanjiso ukungathobeli, okanye conductive ubuthulu (isifo zendlebe);
- sensorineural ukuva ilahleko xa izitshanguba sendlebe engaphakathi.

Kwimeko yangaphambili kubangela iimeko inokuba ukudumba, okanye izicwili neoplastic sclerosis sifo. izifo ATHUNYIWEYO Okwesibini nako kunokubangela izenzakalo ukudumba, neuroma, kunye nezinto sites kumongo kwindawo nuclei yesibhozo luvo cranial.

Ngokwezonyango athe wabonakala izikhalazo malunga ingxolo ibiselidubule, intloko ebuhlungu, ukwehla jikelele iindlebe. Ukuba inkqubo zophendlo lwezifo kwi ingqondo ziyatyeba, kusenokuba imisebenzi ilahleko ofunda luvo ezikufutshane, ezifana vestibular, yobuso kunye trigeminal. commonality okunjalo nezimpawu "ifildi Hemiplegia."

Ekubulaleni vestibular

Pathology vestibulocochlear luvo kwinxalenye yesebe vestibular uya kuzibonakalisa kuqala ngokwayo nesiyezi, isicaphucaphu (ngamanye amaxesha ukugabha) kunye nystagmus. Olu luvo kolunye uxanduva imeko amehlo xa imeko entloko, ngoko xa kwakhe inokuba utshintsho amehlo. Angala uphakamisa nzulu tyaba okanye nkqo.

Ukongeza, isigulane sine-iqinelwa ezingazinzanga, kwaye ke kufuneka ukuba ukuxhuma (on a inqanawa ngexesha ewa) ukuba ukulinganisela kwakhe, yaye basoko belwakhele umkhanya iinyawo zabo. Ngoko ke, abantu abanjalo kufuneka ugqirha zibonisa lokufunyaniswa ngexesha xa beza kwiofisi yakhe.

Neuroma vestibulocochlear luvo

Innervation vestibulocochlear luvo lucebisa ukuba babugubungela ifayibha esingxotyeni iiseli Schwann. Olu hlobo ezisongwayo ukuba angxamele luvo akukho kutshintshelwa kwamanye ngefayibha. Kodwa imifinya iseli, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo (ikhulu lamawaka) angakhula ithumba elihle.

Oku kubonakala ngokucothayo, njengoko umthetho, xa ithumba sele ifikelele ubungakanani obukhulu. Izigulane ezikhala ubuthulu kwicala elinye, isiyezi, iintlungu ecaleni ubuso, kunye nobukho comorbidity yobuso kunye abducens. Oku abanenkinga ntetho abonisa, ubunzima adle. Ithumba Oluma imizwa, nto leyo ebangela kwikliniki efanelekileyo.

Ukuba kwafika neuroma ezivela macala omabini, isigulane Kucetyiswa ukuba bapase uviwo yemfuza enjalo ubukho neurofibromatosis (a isifo njengelifa kwizicwili). Unyango idla yotyando.

Meniere engqondweni

Vestibulocochlear luvo zingamoshakala ngokungangqalanga izifo Meniere kaThixo. Wona a pathology ezinxulumene nemveliso nkene outflow of kulwelo kwindlebe engaphakathi. ingalingani lwakhe kubeka uxinzelelo lunwele enovakalelo, esizibonakalisa disequilibrium.

isifo libonakaliswa vertigo ekhatshwa ukuduma kunye nokuziva nenzaliseko kwicala abachaphazelekayo. Ukongeza, izigulane ezikhala ubuthulu okuqhubekayo. Njengokuba isifo siqhubeka, iimpawu zimbi, kwaye ibe phezulu kuloo mntu ngexesha yaxhuzula alunako ukuphuma ebhedini uthobe intloko yakho.

Unyango azezi isiqabu kabi ngexesha uhlaselo nokufumana nadlamkisayo nggamathuba iqonda. Ukuba unyango elondoloza swi nga pfuna ukuba iiholide kwiindlela olukhawulezileyo kwaye atshabalalise mibono vestibular okanye isebe umnqamlezo luvo vestibulocochlear.