Venera Bottichelli - umgangatho ubuhle. Womzobo yi re Botticelli "Ukuzalwa Venus": inkcazelo, olunomdla

WaseRoma isithixokazi uthando kunye nobuhle, Venus, kwakunye "dade" yayo Greek Aphrodite, kangangeenkulungwane aculwa iimbongi, abakroli, zabazobi. Iintsomi ngayo ukuba asinda, kwakunye imisebenzi emininzi bokuzoba, nto leyo iye gqolo eziqulethwe wa kwephupha ubuhle njengebhinqa. Kwaye enye yobuciko abaziwayo, azinikele kuye, Kakade ke, lo "Ukuzalwa Venus" yi re Botticelli. Ngoko ke, yintoni awayeyazi ngalo mfanekiso?

Botticelli ukuba "Venus"

Ndiyazi ukuba oku bonke, kodwa umbhali womzobo yodumo indoda egama Alessandro Filipepi. Botticelli, wayesele emva kwexesha, wafumana igama elithi, iguqulelwe kwi ngeendlela Italian "i nomgqomo", emva kokuba umzalwana omdala, ukuba utyebile eyahlukileyo fair. ngomzobi Future ezinkulu wazalelwa Florence 1445 kwi umsuki usapho kwaye ifuna ukuba othengisa. Noko ke, emva kweminyaka emibini yokufunda kwi-umnyibilikisi wakhetha ukuya abafundi wegcisa Phillippe baqi-. Xa ucweyo lwakhe, wachitha iminyaka emihlanu phambi kokuba ahambe, kwaye re oselula waya Verrocchio.

Kodwa kwiminyaka embalwa kamva, ngowe-1470, waqalisa ukusebenza ngokuzimeleyo. Avulwe studio yakhe, lo mfana kakhulu ngokukhawuleza wazuza popularity and ingqalelo. Kule minyaka ilishumi elandelayo yafumana inani elikhulu labaxhasi eziphezulu, phakathi kwawo kukho intsapho Medici. Ngelo xesha, okona akuthandayo iimbono ka Neo-iimfundiso zikaPlato, zibe nempembelelo etyhulu umsebenzi wakhe. Ukususela ngasekupheleni 1470 kaThixo nodumo waya phesheya Botticelli Florence, waza waya eRoma ukusebenza esekelwe ye Sistine Chapel, nto leyo kuvele abanegama kubulela ehlabathini kwesinye ngqondi - uMichelangelo. Phambi kokuvela impilo yakhe eneminyaka emithathu kuphela.

imbali painting

"Ukuzalwa Venus" yi re Botticelli ke kufanele kugqalwa wobugcisa yokudweba yehlabathi. Kwangaxeshanye, lo mfanekiso uphethe ezininzi iimfihlelo. Okokuqala, akwaziwa ukuba ngubani umxhasi wayo. Ngokusekelwe yokuba womzobo yaye zigcinwe kwi Castello villa kufuphi Florence, phantsi kogcino Lorentso Di Pierfrancesco de 'Medici, uninzi abahlalutyi bathi kuhlawulelwa umsebenzi. Ngokutsho kwezinye iinguqulelo, umthengi ekuqaleni wayengumntu eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa lo mfanekiso, njenge "Spring", nto leyo eza kuxoxwa kancinane emva koko, ngoko yawa Medici. Nokuba ke, akazange afumane ubungqina obuxhasa lowo wayeyalelwe womzobo "Venus" yi Botticelli.

incazelo

Painting i web nama-2 ukuya kwemi-3 iimitha, oko kwenziwa iipeyinti tempera kwi ngelaphu. Lo mzobo ibhinqa eliselula ze elunxwemeni imi esinkini kwaye lumele Venus. Ukuya ngasekhohlo yoothixo bayo imimoya ukuba ngokucacileyo wanceda qubha yakhe, kunye nelungelo - enye izisa, wakhawuleza kuye ngengubo ebomvu, uzimela. Around iintyatyambo Venus (roses, anemones), emazantsi ngenduku. Ngokwenene, ayikho ngokuzalwa, kodwa kunoko ukufika isithixokazi komhlaba.

imifuziselo

"Ukuzalwa Venus" - umfanekiso Botticelli, elithanda ezicatshuliweyo njengomzekelo, esithi ngendlela amagcisa kombhinqo ibe nentsingiselo yalo efihliweyo ilaphu. Ngokukhethekileyo ngokucacileyo ibonisa impembelelo lombhali ka Neo-iimfundiso zikaPlato - ukufundisa, edibanisa ezinye iimbono bobabini Christianity and ubuhedeni. Khangela abalinganiswa kakhulu enomahluko ilandelayo:

• Iqokobhe, apho kukho Venus, likwimo emela isizalo ababhinqileyo.
• Umoya kwicala lasekhohlo mfanekiso (abanye uthabathe kuzo izithunywa zezulu), ngokohlobo amanani amadoda kunye nabafazi, abonakalisa umanyano uthando abenyama ngokomoya.
• NG Tallo (ngolunye uhlobo - enye izisa) "ityala" intwasahlobo, eyile ukuzalwa yesithixokazi kwenzeka ngeli xesha lonyaka.
• Roses - uphawu recognised institution of uthando.
• Cornflowers iingubo zosindiso - isimntwiso wenzala.
• Ivy kunye nasemva entanyeni yakhe bebonakalisa uthando nokuchuma, ngokulandelelana kwazo.
• Anemones ezinyaweni uGrace - iintyatyambo ze uthixokazi Venus, ngokutsho kwiintsomi, zivelile iinyembezi ukuba baphalaze abasentlungwini emva kokufa nesithandwa sakhe Adonis.
• A ngenduku - uphawu titsongahata.
• Orange umthi kwikona engasentla ekunene - uphawu ubomi obungunaphakade.
• Ekugqibeleni, ingubo ebomvu royal - amandla kaThixo awubonisa ubuhle.

Njengoko sibonile, olube womzobo "Ukuzalwa Venus" yi re Botticelli iqulethe ngokwaneleyo. Yaye yintoni na wena ngaye umntu owaba kwase le Imizobo oyinhloko?

imodeli

Eyona ukuba umlingwa malunga nendima isithixokazi uthando kule meko Simonetta Vespucci, ngowe-1470 eneminyaka engama-16 ababeze kunye nomyeni wakhe Florence yaye kungekudala waba ubuhle bayo bokuqala. Re mhlawumbi wayesazi ngaphambili - ukuba zoqhagamshelwano sekusondele kunye nentsapho yakhe kuba abazali babo babehlala kwibhloko elilandelayo. ulwazi eyoQobo malunga ukufutshane kangakanani na igcisa kunye nomzekelo, hayi, kodwa leengcaphephe imisebenzi Botticelli bakholelwa ukuba badibana ukususela ekudalweni yonke Madonna kunye Venus zabhalwa nayo.

Noko ke, Simonetta nditshatile, nangaphandle, abalandeli bakhe abantu abaninzi, kuquka nempembelelo kakhulu. Omnye wabo - Dzhuliano Medichi, Lorenzo lo umninawa - nokuba ingqalelo nesithandwa sakhe, nangona ubungqina bokuba iimvakalelo zakhe abazange zikaPlato, akukho. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ushiye nje eli nenekazi yentliziyo yakhe, njengoko wamkelwa ngoko.

Simonetta enokulufaka amagcisa ubuhle bayo yexesha lakhe, kodwa 23 ubudala, ngowe-1976, wafa sephepha. Ukufa kwakhe kwaba buhlungu phantse yonke Florence.

"Venus" yi Botticelli wabonakala kwiminyaka 9 kuphela emva kokufa kwakhe, yaye eneneni isithixokazi kukhiwa yakhe kwaye ezintle. Artist de kube sekupheleni kobomi bakhe wedwa, akazange atshate. Kubonakala ukuba wayemthanda waza wahlala kuphela Simonetta wakhe, uye wafumana ukungafi ngelaphu elidumileyo.

uphi

Okwangoku, le wobugcisa ibekwe kwindawo enye apho yadalwa - e Florence kaThixo Uffizi Gallery. Ngokuqhelekileyo emhlabeni umfanekiso lonke ixesha ezixineneyo kunye nabantu, kodwa maxa wambi usathabatha umzuzwana ukuqwalasela oko ngokucokisekileyo akufuphi kude.

anika umdla

• "Spring" yaye "Venus" yi Botticelli abe Oyena usembindini le modeli, kodwa zabhalelwa kunye kweminyaka 7.
• Xa ekudaleni artist ngelaphu esetyenziselwa ezintsha malunga namatheko aso ixesha - Drobil lesafire ukuba ipeyinti blue ezisetyenziswa ngelaphu, hayi ebhodini, esongeza ukuba sibe amancinane namanqatha, kunye nayo layigubungela umfanekiso sac iqanda, ukuze ifikelele imihla yethu phantse mba .
• Olinganise nokuphosa Venus ibonisa ngokucacileyo impembelelo Umfanekiso yamandulo yamaGrike, leyo izimiso babekwa Praxiteles kunye Poliklet.

impembelelo yenkcubeko

Womzobo "Venus" yi Botticelli - ukupeyinta yokuqala ebonisa inani ze ngokupheleleyo ababhinqileyo, licebo nto leyo sungula ku isono sokuqala. Kwaye udinga yaba wobugcisa engundoqo nokubhiyozela ubuhle engadingi ukuba nantoni na enye. Kuthelekiswa neminye imisebenzi yi umzobi, kunye imixholo becala zonqulo, ibali kubonakala engaqhelekanga. Kunjalo, ukuba kunokwenzeka, ngaphandle le "Venus" siye salahlekelwa ezininzi ngemisebenzi behlabathi, ngaphandle apho namhlanje nje akunakwenzeka ukuthelekelela imbali zobugcisa.

Kwaye namhlanje, "Venus" yi Botticelli uyaqhubeka ekuphembeleleni amagcisa, abafoti kunye nezibonelo. Created okusuke ezininzi, kodwa ke yokuqala, kuthwelwe wa kwephupha ubuhle obhinqileyo ingaba enye kuphela.