Uffizi Gallery, Florence - inkcazo Museum

Florence - isixeko okhethekileyo, nkqu Italy, ilizwe osisityebi kwiindawo obalulekileyo kwihlabathi. Imbali buzane yonke umoya, apho waya iinkosi omkhulu Renaissance. Kwizitrato Florence bawele indlela kaMichelangelo kunye Leonardo (ntlanganiso Unokusuka kumlo ukucaphuka, amagcisa kungquzulwano, kunye nexesha kuphela cincile kubo). Kwi ilitye, kanye bema Piazza del Duomo, wabe wayemthanda ukucacisa (ngelishwa, eli litye ayikhange walondolozwa, nto leyo nalufefe, kodwa ndawo wayemi kuyo, wazi yonke into apha). Intshumayelo ka Savonarola, kakhulu, baba kwezi ezitratweni.

A isacholo enene Florence - i Uffizi Gallery, okunyusileyo kunye ezininzi obukhulu enkulu art.

Florence kunye nabathengi yayo

Florence, ngokungafaniyo izixeko zamandulo ezininzi, bekusoloko ngokusekelwe kwisicwangciso, isixeko isiphithiphithi ekuqaleni amazwe. Ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo izakhiwo, izitalato kunye nezikwere baba injongo kwabayili ezininzi ensembles ngobugcisa. Kakade ke, isimo sengqondo esinjalo ukuba nembono olungaphandle lomzi lugqityiwe ngaphandle iindleko eziphathekayo enkulu, kodwa ishishini imali, njenge umthetho, akazange eme. usapho sale abazizityebi, Alberti, Strozzi kunye nabanye abaninzi abazange nanceba igolide, ukuzama ukwenza isakhelo leli Likhonkco Tuscany, kodwa ngaxeshanye kwaye ziyaluthundeza amagama abo.

Medici, ogama izinyanya Sizibandakanye ekuphiliseni, phakathi kwenkulungwane weshumi elinesihlanu baba kubalondolozi nempumelelo. iminikelo yabo ezazabelwe nesisa okhethekileyo, kunye nengqokelela kwimifanekiso eqingqiweyo zaba sisiseko sekamva yimyuziyam enkulu, obakhe Italy. I Uffizi Gallery isekelwe Medici.

Ukwakhiwa isakhiwo sezolawulo

Ngowe-1559, enye Medici, Cosimo I (Senior Phase), owayelawula isixeko ngelo xesha, bagqiba ukwenza ugunyaziwe wolawulo ndawonye aqokelele ulawulo lonke kwesinye isakhiwo. Yena umntu zizifundiswa, nangona vutshila imbeko ngokwenene, kodwa ingcamango yokudala galari kwafika kamva.

Loo nto inika umdla imikrolo, ukuqala ingqokelela, ziye zabukulwa yi kwiVatican, kwaye kengoko ku uPius V Francis Yokuqala. Ngelo ibandla amabango zobunkokeli yabangela asinto bezobugcisa imisebenzi, kunye nento yokuba eqingqiweyo ekuthethwa ze, kwabonakala lwesono. Okokuqala, zonke ezi ubuncwane zigcinwe kwibhotwe zamanyange Ricciardi, ababekhonza Medici nqaba usapho.

Ngelo xesha, ngo 1560, unyaka waqalisa uyile ibhotwe ephangaleleyo, wayalela ukuba wezakhiwo odumileyo Vasari. Ndandicinga ekutshatyalalisweni kwezakhiwo ezininzi kunye neenxalenye zabo bavunyelwa ukuba isetyenziselwe ukwakha ibhotwe entsha. Igama elithi "Ufitsii" liguqulelwe Italian njenge "Chancellery" (isininzi).

iiprojekthi zokwakha

Eli tyala yayitsala, ngowe-1574 inkosi wafa, uze ugqibezele lo wokwakha Buontalenti, abanyamezela umsebenzi ngonyaka. Ngeli xesha le njongo kwesakhiwo iye yatshintsha, kodwa igama uhlala enye, i Uffizi Gallery. Florence iye natyetyiswa iinkosi ezinkulu zadalwa kwaye iqokelelwe usapho Medici isebenza, kodwa bazonwabele ekuqaleni kuphela amalungu yezikhulu. iminyaka elishumi, isakhiwo waqhubeka ukugqiba ukwakha ekugqibeleni Ibhotwe oceba ukufumana intsimbi yehashe, ngenjongo lomlambo ukusuka iifestile kwicala elimxinwa. Tshabalalisa ezinye izakhiwo ezindala (zetyeleba endala kunye yecawa of San Pietro Skeradzho) nabayili isandla ke wavuswa, baza bangena lomculo lulonke. Ngelo xesha, omabini la maziko phezu kwamakhulu amane.

ukubunjwa igalari

Ekupheleni kokwakhiwa Vasari (yaye ekuzobeni, kungekhona nje wezakhiwo) wayeyibona into yokuba akukho sigodlo eyakhelwe yolawulo wesixeko, kunye igalari. Uffizi wafumanisa kwinkulungwane yeshumi, kunye nezigqibo ixesha elide eyenziwe wezakhiwo, negalelo iimeko mhle kuFeliks yokuvela elizayo. Ngowe-1737, ngokutsho ngokokuthanda Cardinal Leopoldo, wokugqibela intsapho Medici, yonke ukuqokelelwa ntsapho yipropathi isixeko Florence. kamva Nditsho kwinkulungwane waba museum yoluntu. Ngelo xesha, xa banesifo zenkulungwane elinesibhozo,-inventri yokuqala yokuqokelelwa, nto leyo eye waphumelela imiqulu eyishumi yaqulunqwa.

Self-eni

I Uffizi Gallery eqokelele eninzi self-ekumeni, kokubini amandulo mihla, leyo ifundwe era. Isiseko sale ingqokelela ibe uthotho imisebenzi bathenga Leopoldom Medichi, ababekhonza iyintsika yamaRoma Academy of St. kaLuka, yaye emva koko kwakhona rhoqo. Beka ukuvuleleka imifanekiso waba kumgangatho wokuqala weso sakhiwo. Nale yingqokelela yabantu ababephila ngexesha ungafumana ulwazi imbonakalo kunye nesimilo ngabapeyinti enkulu Italian (kubandakanywa da Vinci, titian, Veronese, Romano, Raphael, uMichelangelo), kunye nakwamanye amazwe (Dürer, Rembrandt, Rubens, Velazquez, Van Dyck uKarl Briullov ). Ethetha Briullov. abalandeli bakhe baba Walter Scott kunye Kommuchi, baye bayinqule "Usuku lokugqibela ePompeii", umzobo nowenziwa eItali, wadala yezigcawu ngaphambi zivuyelele eSt Petersburg.

Kodwa kwakhona zimelwe yi Giotto kunye Caravaggio, kunye namanye amagama amaninzi odumileyo ...

Tribune of the Uffizi

Kukho umnyango ekhethekileyo kwigalari, Bathiwe wambu isikhumba kunye ilaphu, nto leyo ingcaciso central ekuthiwa rostrum. Igumbi ayikho likhulu kakhulu, iimpawu ezikhanyisayo iglasi lantern uphahla kwaye ziqulathe imisebenzi ebalaseleyo, kuquka imifanekiso, imizobo ezivela zaphawula ezahlukeneyo kunye nezikolo. Xa iziko le igumbi kukho vosmistennoy Venus engqongwe fauns ukudanisa Apollo. Kukho kwakhona sculpture ikhoboka ngqwabalala ekuloleni ngemela. Enye ezimbini Venus, eli xesha ukuboniswa ngabo of titian. Ekukholelwa ukuba Tribune waqokelela ilungileyo ukuba ukunikela ingqalelo Uffizi Gallery:. Raphael kaThixo "Madonna goldfinch" "Portrait sikaPopu Julius II of" yaye "Ioann Krestitel" Naku "Ukuzalwa Venus" yi Botticelli, kunye nemisebenzi eziliqela zityhila mxholo ebhayibhileni yonqulo lwe abavumisi ngeenkwenkwezi (Ghirlandaio kunye noLeonardo da Vinci), kodwa njengelitye lokwenene - "The Holy Family" yi kaMichelangelo Renaissance titanium.

nokulahlekelwa Uffizi

Italy ukutyhubela iinkulungwane ithwaxwe kuphazamiseka ezininzi iimfazwe, yabulala abantu kuphela, kodwa imisebenzi yezandla. Kumaxesha amaninzi, ubunzima ilahleko kunye Uffizi Gallery. Florence waye endleleni bemikhosi Napoleonic. Le iye ezonakeleyo kwaye ngokuyinxenye baphanga ngexesha umlo esenzeka ngowe-1943, xa amaNazi ilizwe kwiinzame zakhe zokunqanda imikhosi sethi phambili. Ngoko, emva kokuba dubulo lwamanzi umzi, kumgangatho umhlaba ngokuyinxenye nezikhukhula. Bede esongezwa abagrogrisi zabulawa 1993 yi ukuqhushumba, kunye nabantu abahlanu babangela umonakalo imisebenzi nanto yobugcisa kwindlu yerhuluneli Niobe. Abanye wasilela ukubuyisela esekelwe.

KwiBhodi abatyeleli

Phambi kokuba utyelele le ngqokelela omangalisayo, kubalulekile ukufunda olunye ulwazi malunga imigaqo kwaye apho Uffizi Gallery. Photo kunye bhanya kwiiholo, njengoko ezininzi kwiimyuziyam akuvumelekanga. Oku Ulawulo umzimba kunye umlinganiselo olwamkelweyo kakhulu, kufuneka ukuba sikhusele imizobo. Imveliso apha - ngoMvulo, naluphi na ucango open day friendly ukusuka kwisiqingatha ezidlulileyo yesibhozo kusasa kwada ezisixhenxe ngokuhlwa, kodwa kungcono ukuba ekuqaleni, oluninzi iindwendwe, uMbumbi emgceni, nto leyo eya kuma ubuncinane ngeyure (kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ixesha elide). Ebusika, abantu ngaphantsi. Le itikiti yokungena kubiza euro 9 no-10 eesenti, kodwa lokuzalwa zonke bangakhululeka. Kukwanjalo uya kuba kwisiqingatha entle abantu, kodwa kuphela xa lwabaseTyhini kwiHlabathi Day Matshi 8 (apha, kananjalo, ukuba lubhiyozelwa).

Akukho iziselo kuba zililize ekungekho nzuzo uthatha, abayi kuvunyelwa. Inikezela ngokhenketho yokucima kumgcelele evela kwabanye Bakhokelindini izama, kufuneka kuhoywa. Ingaba iqela ixesha elide, kwaye iya kuba ngaphantsi kwe simi emgceni, yaye iindleko ziya kwandisa kakhulu. Kubhetele ukuba babhukishe utyelelo lwakho kwi-Internet, kuya kufuneka ulinde imizuzu nje amabini, zii-4 kwentlawulo engaphezulu, kodwa kuba ungakwazi emva kwexesha.

Ubhaka kuhle ukushiya ihotele, abayi makabe, kodwa zonke zokugcina phantse ngokufanayo itikiti. Uffizi Gallery unika lokuba euro 8 yinto elula gqitha ngokuba audio-guide. Ukuze uyifumane, kufuneka-mboleko, naluphi na uxwebhu nefoto.

Yaye musa ukubeka usukelo ukubona yonke kutyelelo olunye. Kuyinto nje akunakwenzeka. Ukuba ixesha utyelelo ezininzi akwanelanga, kungcono ukuba baqwalasele indlela kakhulu umdla kwimizobo, luninzi kwi Uffizi Igalari. Izimvo abazana kunye nabahlobo abaye batyelela apha, ziya kunceda kulo.

Njani ukufumana?

Esi sakhiwo myuziyam ayikho kunzima ukufumana ngokwaneleyo nayiphi yendawo na odlulayo akanankathalo-mthetho bathi amagama amabini: "Uffizi Gallery". Alungise, Uffizi indawo elula, i Uffizi Palace. Enyanisweni, xa ezichanekileyo Italian bathi amagama amathathu: «Galleria degli Uffizi», kodwa ukuqonda njalo. It isentliziyweni esixekweni, kwelinye icala elinye i Ponte Vecchio, enye indawo abadala. Florence kuba Museum inkulu phezu komlambo Arno.