Kummandla Vologda, Great Ustyug (town): imbali, izinto kunye nenkcazo

Great Ustyug - idolophu encinane, yaye, ngathi, ingathi yimimangaliso. Noko ke, phezu eminyaka oye wadlala indima ebalulekileyo kubomi benkcubeko i-North Russian.

Background emzini

Yokuqala ekwahlala Russian kule ndawo yasekwa iinkosana Rostov-Suzdal kwasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-12. Yayibizwa ngokuba Gleden (Glyaden), njengokuba entabeni ephakamileyo, nto leyo lula ukuba bagcine indawo. Kodwa siyazi ukuba kwanangaphambi kokuba yesi-9, kwaku Finno-Ugric zokuhlala.

Gleden inqaba rhoqo sivete waphuphuma iphalale imilambo Sukhona kunye South, ngokuthe ngcembe abantu baqalisa ukuya emizini ekufuphi. Omnye wabo waba Ustyug.

Ngendlela, ezinye ngokwalatha kuyo abaphandi ukuba igama laloo mzi, mhlawumbi iphuma South lomlambo, njengokuba kubhaliwe yayikufuphi emlonyeni wayo.

Isiseko of Mikayele Michael Monastery

Ngenkulungwane yokuqala ye-13, Rostov Enkulu, kunye sixeko sikufuphi, kuquka Ustyug, bafudukela 'kolawulo "yeenkosana Vladimir. Ngenxa yoko, Vsevolod Nest Big ezabelwe ilifa unyana wakhe Constantine, ngubani na omdala oonyana bakhe ezisibhozo.

Njengoko kuphakanyiswe mbali, ekuqaleni Ustyug yaba inkampu labalindi eziqhelekileyo yaye akukho iinqaba ezinkulu. Oku kwakuthetha ukuba akazange afune nokuyicinga isixeko wokwenene ekuqondeni elo xesha. Kodwa kungekudala Uphuhliso Ustiug yanda, njengoko kukho mhlawumbi ngo-1212 Michael woonongendi zingelosi yasekwa. Esi siganeko ingqamana kunye ngokukhankanywa wokuqala mzi imithombo ezibhaliweyo - yemihla kunye nobomi abangcwele, kuquka ngokuxelwa feat yokomoya seal uCyprian - ngunozala woonongendi.

UMikayeli woonongendi zingelosi ikhona unanamhla. Le lesikhumbuzo izakhiwo icawa aphakathi yenye ezinomtsalane kubakhenkethi idumileyo kuphela sixeko kodwa yonke loo mmandla Vologda. Kumaxesha Soviet, ummandla myuziyam weemonki iye nisekelwe niqinile yeziThuthi zezikolo zobugcisa. Namhlanje isakhiwo babuyela ecaweni, kodwa woonongendi iyaqhubeka ukuba ukungenzi.

"Mkhulu" Ustyug

Le dolophu kwakubalulekile nakubathetheli lungiselelo wayo akazange nanceba imali. Kwanaxa ngo 1218 Ustyug waye limisiwe yi iVolga Bulgars, yena ngokukhawuleza wachacha. Kungenzeka, oku ngenxa yokuba esi sixeko yayimi phezu umda welizwe Novgorod, ukuba uligwiba karhulumente Russian.

Kamva, ixabiso Ustyug ohlonelwayo. Ngoko ke, ngo-1521 Michael woonongendi zingelosi wafumana ileta yokuziphatha kakuhle ukusuka Basil yesiThathu - Moscow Grand Duke. Kuyi Ustyug no Ivan Grozny, owamenzayo sesinye sezixeko "oprichnina", nto leyo ithetha amalungelo athile. Ngeli xesha, igama lali kunye wongezelela eli lizwi 'mkhulu. "

Zomlilo kunye zivuselela

ixabiso layo Great Ustyug kuhlala injalo de ngenkulungwane ye-18. Xa uPetros kwiindlela zorhwebo zitshintshile eRashiya. abathengisi wayeka ukuya Ustyug Omkhulu. Esi sixeko wafumana iwonga lephondo. Nangona ukungabi ixabiso lezoqoqosho, wahlala waziwa ngokuba iicawa zayo yamandulo kunye nezinye zesikhumbuzo zenkcubeko.

Ngenkulungwane ye-18 emva kwexesha, kwabakho imililo eziliqela enkulu phantse kutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo "Posad" yinxalenye yale lali. eziliqela iinketho yokulungisa okuphakanyiswe. Le projekthi ingqalelo umsebenzi best of a unocanda Golubev. Kungenxa yesi sicwangciso, waza waqalisa ukuba bakha Ustyug Omkhulu. Streets kwi yimbali kwaye namhlanje nokugcina iimpawu owazuzwa ngexesha imisebenzi ukubuyiselwa kwexesha.

XX-xxi kwekhulu

Emva kokuba October Revolution kweso sixeko weza urhulumente waseSoviet. ukusekwa balo ixabiso ethandabuzekayo ukuba Ustyug Enkulu: isixeko ijikwe ibe neziko elibalulekileyo lemfundo (University yavulwa ngo-1922), esigunyaziswe kumashishini mveliso. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, kwiBolsheviks yatshabalalisa iicawa ezininzi ezindala kunye nezinye izakhiwo, nto leyo ebangela umonakalo elikhulu inkangeleko yokuqala yokwakha zezo lali.

Kule nkulungwane intsha, siye ingqalelo bayahlelwa utshintsho buthelezi kwakhona. Not indima mncinane kule ebidlalwe yi yolawulo lwesixeko eso. Great Ustyug isiba ngcembe kwelinye lamaziko kubakhenkethi edume i-North Russian. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iihotele ezintsha kunye nezibonelelo zokuzonwabisa anomtsalane zombini kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana kukho nakhelwe.

izinto

Great Ustyug (isixeko lizukileyo nokuhomba) ixesha elide kwaye kugqalwa air imyuziyam evulekileyo. Kukho wahlala kakhulu kwezakhiwo benkulungwane ye-19 (Usov ikhaya Okhlopkova njl -. A ezimbalwa izakhiwo elinesibini), kwakunye ibandla ezimbejembeje of Simeona Stolpnika (ngenkulungwane ye-18). Utyelelo esisinyanzelo ufanelwe Court Cathedral apho kwingcinga Cathedral, unxibelelwano itempile yokusebenza. Procopius oLungileyo, ndlu Bishop ngayo kwinkulungwane ye-18, kunye nezakhiwo basezifama endala.

yezandla

Phakathi ezinomtsalane, unako kwakhona ziquka izityalo "Severnaya Chern". Ngenxa iimveliso zayo elithi "kummandla Vologda", "isixeko Veliky Ustyug" eyaziwa kwiindawo ezininzi kwilizwe lethu enkulu, mhlawumbi kude ngaphaya kwemida yawo. Kukho bavelise iintlobo ezinhle ezenziwe ngesiliva kunye blackening okhethekileyo. Kulo msebenzi abantu yavela ngenkulungwane ye-17, yaye ngoko umhombiso i Ustyug Great ngovuyo enxibe nje izidwangube kwi ngasentendelezweni Russian Tsar, kodwa phesheya.

Kwaye apha, inkampani usebenza 'Iindlela Veliky ", ezo benza ukwaluka of ezinde ixolo kunye zipeyintwe kuyo.

"Homeland of Santa Claus"

Apho enye ukuze baphile inkosi Ebusika, kodwa North Russian! Ngowe-1999, wonke umntu wayesazi ukuba nangona isihloko kwiphandle Santa Claus ibango izixeko ezininzi eRashiya, Great Ustyug yayigqalwa elungele ezininzi kule ndima.

"Residence" yale intanda abantwana intsomi hero - yiprojekthi yokhenketho, ezitsala ngonyaka ngamnye kuwo umzi, amawaka abantu abasuka kwilizwe lonke. Kwisithuba sikhokelo, sibanjwe ezahlukeneyo iziganeko kunye nokhuphiswano. Ukongeza, Santa Claus ifumana iileta ezivela ebantwaneni. Chief wizadi Russia, ngasendleleni, amatakane abavela kumazwe amaninzi wabhala. unobumba ngamnye kubonwa kuyimfuneko, kwaye kungekho uthunyelwe ezi alihlali ngaphandle isipho.

Ukongeza kuyo umzi myuziyam kunye imeyile, ube lilizwe "zezindlu zooyise of Santa Claus" kule ngingqi ikuyo le lali. Apho, abantwana baya kuhlangana bili yena umzukulwana wakhe - Snow Ntombazana. Around okuphambili iinqaba ngomthi park zakhiwe, ukhenketho efumene abalinganiswa intsomi, esonwabisa abantwana imidlalo, qashi namabali ngobomi iintsomi kunye namaxesha.

Qiniseka ukuba atyelele Ustyug Great! Imbali kwisixeko ngokubanzi, uyazi, kwaye ukuba ufunde ngakumbi ungakwazi komyuziyam yaphaya. Kwaye musa ukulibala ukuba abantwana bakho. uvuyo olukhulu Yintoni angasindisa amatakane ngaphandle uhambo ukuya kutyelela uTatomkhulu Frost!