UWilhelm Maybach ngumsekeli weenkampani zeMoto zeMercedes kunye neMebach. Biography

UWilhelm Maybach ungummeli waseJamani kunye ne-automaker. Njengomlawuli wezobuchwepheshe wenkampani, "i-Motors Daimler" yenza igalelo elikhulu ekudalweni komshini wokuqala wamanje. Imoto "iMebach" ngoku enye yezona zilungileyo kwihlabathi. Kule nqaku siza kubonisa i-biography emfutshane yomvelisi.

Ubuntwana

UWilhelm Maybach wazalelwa eHeilbronn (eJamani) ngo-1846. Uyise wenkwenkwe wayengumchweli. Kwathi kwenzeka ukuba emva kokufikelela kwiminyaka elishumi, uWilhelm waba yintandane. Waziswa ekhaya likaPastor Werner. Xa uMebach wayeneminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu, waqala ukufumana uqeqesho lobugcisa kuReutlingen kwisityalo sokwakha umatshini. Ebudeni bemini, le nkwenkwe yayisebenza kwi-workshop yesityalo, kwaye ngokuhlwa yayithabatha izifundo kunye nezifundo kwizikolo zesikolo. Kwakhona, i-automaker yaseJamani ezayo yaqala ukufunda isiNgesi kwaye ifundela imiqulu emithathu yencwadi ethi "Mechanic Technical", ebhalwe nguJulius Weissbach. Ukuzimisela nokunyamezela kwenkwenkweza kwangoko kwaphawula.

Umsebenzi

Ngomnyaka we-1863 uGottlieb Daimler weza kwisikhundla somlawuli wezobuchwepheshe we-reutlingen isityalo. Wadibana noWilhelm. Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, uGottlieb wathuthela kwindawo efanayo kwiqumrhu elithi "Deutz", elivelise iinjinjini zangaphakathi zomlilo ezimileyo. Kwakukhokelwa ngu-E. Langen no-N. A. Otto. Ngowe-1869, uDaimler wakhumbula umqeshwa onobuchule, onamakhono kwaye wamema uMebach endaweni yakhe eKarlsruhe. Ngethuba le ntla nganiso, baxoxisana nombono wokudala injini entsha, okufuneka ukuba ibe yinto ehambelanayo kwaye ilula. ULenen wavuma le projekthi, kodwa u-Otto wamelana. Emva kweminyaka emininzi (ngo-1907), i-"Deutz" iqala ukudala imoto - imoto yokuqala, kwaye ke iibhasi, iitalta kunye namaloli, kodwa oovulindlela be-ICE ngelo xesha abayi kuba yinkampani.

Lam ishishini

Ayikwazi ukuqonda intloko yenkampani, uDaimler wavula yakhe inkampani e-Bad Cannstadt. Ngokuqhelekileyo, uGottlieb wancenga uWilhelm ukuba ahambe naye. Ngowe-1882, iqela lawo lasekwa. UMebach wayebandakanyeke kuphela kwi-design yezobugcisa.

Izinto zokuqala

Ngo-Agasti 1883, uWilhelm Maybach wakhupha i-motor station yokuyila kwayo. Injini yayilinganisa iikhilogram ezingama-40 kwaye yasebenza kuphela kwigesi elula. Ekupheleni kwaloo nyaka, inguqu yakhe elandelayo ene-1.6 hp yabonakala. Kwaye nomthamo we 1.4 ilitha. Endleleni, iMebach yenzelwe inkqubo entsha yokutshaya. Ngaloo ndlela kwiinjini ezimileyo, ukutshaya komxube kwenzeka ngenangatye evulekile. UWilhelm wenyuka kunye nefuthe le-incandescent, echukunyiswa ebomvu ngokushisa. Kwaye le nkqubo yayilawulwa yi-valve ekhethekileyo ekamelweni lokutsha, apho, ukuba kuyimfuneko, yavulwa okanye ivaliwe. Le nkqubo inokuqinisekisa ukuba isebenza ngokuzinzileyo nakwii-revs ephantsi.

Ukuzama ukugqwesa

Yiloo nto eyahlula uWilhelm Maybach kwabanye. Ukususela ekuqaleni komsebenzi wakhe, uye wazama ukuphucula naluphi na uhlobo olwakhiwo kwaye wasebenzisa amatyala omenzi omtsha. Ekupheleni kowama-1883, enye injini yahlolwa - injini enye ene-cylinder yomoya enefuthe, e-0.2 rpm yavelisa i-0.25 hp. Inguqu ephuculweyo (246 cubic centimeters kunye ne-0.5 hp) yaphuhliswa ngonyaka. UMebach ngokwakhe wayembiza ngokuthi "iwashi yangaphandle", kuba ukujongwa kweenjini kwakungavamile. Kwiminyaka embalwa emva kamva, izazi-mlando zobuchwephesha ziya kuqaphela ukuba uWilhelm akagcini nje ukunciphisa ubunzima benjini. Wamnika ububele obungakumbi.

Isithuthi esinamasondo amabini

Kungekudala uWilhelm wavelisa i-carporator. Oku kwakuyimpumelelo kwi-ICE sphere, ukususela ngoku kwakunokwenzeka ukusebenzisa i-fuel fuel esikhundleni segesi ekhanyayo. Kwaye ngo-1885 kwakukho isiganeko sokuguquguquka kwithekhnoloji - injini yeMebabach isetyenzisile i-crew-wheeled crew. Iithuthuthu (okanye, njengoko zithethayo, isithuthuthu) bekho kwicala ngalinye ngevili ezimbini zokugcina ukuzinza. Injini ye-injini ye-0.5 hp Ukujikeleza rhoqo, kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamabhinqa amabini okwenza ukuba kwenzeke ukuphuhlisa isantya ukuya kwi-6 okanye kwiikhilomitha ezili-12 ngeyure. Umsunguli we-Maybach wavavanywa ekuqaleni kuka-Novemba 1885 kunye nendodana yakhe uCarl.

Kakade, akukho yonke into eyahamba kakuhle. Ngonyaka kamva, uWilhelm wagqibezela umqhubi, ukwandisa uhlangothi kunye nobubanzi bepiston. Umthamo wenjini unyuke kwi-1.35 ilitha, kodwa ngexesha leemvavanyo lihlala likhulu. Ukusetyenziswa kwesipilisi sokupholisa amanzi akuzange kulungiswe imeko. Ngoko ke, ukuveliswa kwakufuneka kushiywe.

Injini entsha

Emva koko, uWilhelm waqala ukuphuhlisa imoto yeemoto ezine zokuqala ezineemoto ezine-0.462 ilitha. Ukususela ngoMebach kunye noDaimler bekhawuleza ngokukhutshwa, injini yafakwa kwinqwelo yehashe. Ngo-Matshi 1887, iimvavanyo zokuqala zenziwa. Kwinyanga emva koko isikebhe esihamba ngelo injini savela echibini ngaseBad Cannstadt. Iziphumo zazo zonke iimvavanyo zikaWilhelm ziqokelelwe ngokucophelela kwaye zichanekileyo, ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwazo kwiimvavanyo ezizayo.

Ukwakhiwa kwemoto entsha

Ngo-1889, uDaimler wayecebise ukuthatha inxaxheba kwi-World Trade Show. UWilhelm Maybach, iingcaphuno kunye namanqaku malunga nezinto ezenziwa zipapashwe kumajelo eendaba, zanquma ukwakha umatshini omtsha kulo mcimbi. Yaye yahlaba wonke umntu! Kwi-Daimler-Stahlradvagen, injini yokuqala ye-V eyenziwe nge-V eneensimbi ezimbini ze-cylinder ene-camber angle ye-17 °. Nge-900 rpm, imoto ithuthukise ii-1.6 hp. Esikhundleni sokudluliselwa kwebhanti endala, isondo laqalisa iigesi. Enyanisweni, umbhali uye wavelisa i-design design. Sekunjalo, kwaba nempumelelo yezorhwebo. Imoto yakhiwa yikhilo ye-bicycle NSU. Abanikazi bayo uEmil Levassor kunye no-Arman Peugeot bathenga i-patent yokuthunyelwa kunye nenjini. Ngelo xesha, phantsi kwemiqathango yesivumelwano, kwakufuneka bavelise iinjinjini phantsi kwe-brand Daimler.

UGottlieb uhlawule imali ekudalweni kwese workshop eyahlukeneyo kaMeyibach. Ngenxa yolu cwaningo lwenziwa ngokunyanisekileyo, kwaye zonke izibambano kunye nabanikezeli-zimali beenkampani ngokubhekiselele kwimvelaphi yeentuthuko ezithembisayo zahlanjululwa.

Izinto ezintsha ezenziwa nguWilhelm Maybach

Ngowe-1893, iqhawe leli nqaku lavelisa i-carburetor ye-spray ene-jet njenge-syringe. Ngomnyaka kamva, uMebach wathola ilungelo lobunikazi lokufakela iibhuleki ze-hydraulic. Kwaye ngowe-1895 kwavela inqwelwana yakhe edumileyo-cylinder in-line "Phoenix". Ekuqaleni, nge-750 rpm, yaqala i-2.5 hp. Kancinci ukuveliswa kwaphuculiswa, kwaye ngowe-1896 amandla anyuke kwi-hp 5. Ukusebenza kwe-motor kwenza ukuba kube lula ukuphucula i-radiator yesakhiwo esitsha sokuqala. Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, i-cylinder enye ye-Phoenix ene-23 hp yaveliswa. Kwaye nomthamo we-5900 cm ³ . Imoto yayifakwe kwimoto eyenzelwe nguEmil Jellinek (ummeli waseNice waseMbusti wase-Austro-Hungary). Ngo-Matshi 1899, wawina le moto kwimimandla yeentaba. UJellinek wenza phantsi kwegama elithi "Mercedes" (igama leentombi). Kungekudala kuya kuba ngumqondiso wesityalo sikaDaimler.

Utshintsho

Ngowe-1900, uGottlieb wafa, kwaye isikhundla sikaWilhelm sahla kakhulu. UMebach, owambeka ngokupheleleyo emsebenzini kwaye waphulukana nempilo yakhe, waphoqelelwa ukuba abhalele entloko yesicelo sefowuni sokwandiswa komvuzo. Kodwa abazange baphendulwe. Akumangalisi, kuba ulawulo olutsha lwenkampani luyakhumbula ukuba kwiingxabano nabo, uWilhelm wayehlala ecaleni likaDaimler.

Okwangoku, uphuhliso lwetheknoloji lwaqhubeka. Ngowe-1902, "i-Simplex" yafika esikhundleni se "Phoenix", ekhutshwa phantsi kwegama elithi "Mercedes". Injini ezine-cyilinder enevolumu ye-5320 cm ³ kwi-1100 rpm yavelisa amandla e-32 hp. Kwaye kwakukho iMercedes eneemoto ezingama-6550 cm ³ , kwaye eyaziwayo ngelo xesha iintlanga zeGordon-Bennet zakha imoto eneenjini ezine-cyilinder ye-60 hp. Ngama-1000 rpm.

"Zeppelin"

Ngomnyaka we-1907, uMeyibach washiya inkampani, ogama lakhe lalingagqibekanga kuphela ekusebenzeni kwakhe kunye neetalente. Emva kokuba lo myili wayenomdla ngombono wokudala iinjini zeevenel ze-zeppelin ezaziwa ngoko. Ngowe-1908, u-Count Ferdinand wazama ukuthengisa i-LZ3 kunye ne-LZ4 imizekelo kurhulumente. Kodwa okokugqibela kwaphazamiseka. Ii-injini ze-LZ4 zazingakhange zikwazi ukujamelana nomthwalo ngexesha lokungena kwexesha eliphuthumayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuveliswa kweenqwelo-moya akuzange kume. Umsebenzi oyintloko weqhawe kweli nqaku kukuphuculwa kweenjini.

Emva kokufumana inkxaso yeCount Ferdinand, uWilhelm, kunye nendodana yakhe, wavula inkampani "uMebach Motorenbau." Inkampani yayisetyenziswa yiKarl, kwaye uyise waba ngumcebisi ohamba phambili. Ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi yokuqala, bathengisa ngeenjini ezi-2,000. Ngo-1916 i-Technical University yaseStuttgart yanikela uWilhelm Maybach kunye nodokotela wakhe.

IMebach Cars

Ngowe-1919, emva kokuphela kwemfazwe, iSivumelwano saseVersailles sisayinwe. Inqande ukuveliswa kwee-airship eJamani. Ngaloo ndlela, iMebach yaphoqeleka ukuba ibuyele ekudalweni kweenjini zepetroli yeemoto, kunye neenjini ze-diesel zezitimela kunye neenqanawa ze-navy.

EJamani, kwenzeka ingxaki. Iinkampani ezininzi zeemoto ngenxa yokungabikho kwemali zazingenakukwazi ukufikelela kwiinjini zabakhiqizi benkampani yesithathu kwaye zazikhulayo zazo. Inkampani kuphela yaseDutch "Spiker" yavuma ukusebenzisana noMebabach. Kodwa imiqathango yesivumelwano ayinakunceda kangangokuba uWilhelm wayenqaba kane. Ekugqibeleni, umqambi wenza isigqibo sokuqala ukuvelisa oomatshini bakhe. Ngowe-1921, i-Maybach yokuqala i-limousines yasungulwa.

Imoto yayisebenza phantse ukuguga kwaye ixesha elide alizange lifune ukuthatha umhlalaphantsi. Injini yaseJamani yafa ekupheleni kuka-1929 waza wangcwatyelwa emangcwabeni e-Uff-Kirchhof kufuphi neDaimler.

Ilifa

UWilhelm Maybach, ochazwe ngentla apha, wayengowokuqala ukuqonda ukuba imoto ayikho nje inqwelo enjini. Amava amaninzi ekuveleni kunye nobunjineli beetalente avumela iJamani ukuba ibone umshini njengento eyinkimbinkimbi yazo zonke izinto zayo. UWilhelm wayekholelwa ukuba kuvela kwindawo enjalo ukuba kwakudingeka ukuba idibane. Kwaye ngoku, xa uhlola ukulungelelana nokusebenza kweemoto ezibizwa ngegama lakhe (umzekelo, iMebach Exelero), unokubona ukuchaneka kwengcamango yegosa laseJamani.

Nangona ebomini, uMebach wabizwa ngokuthi "uKumkani wabaCwangcisi." Kwaye ngo-1922 uMbutho weeNjineli zaseJamani wanikela ngesihloko esithi "umqambi wokuphayona". Yiyo kanye into ayeyiyo. Kunyaka ongaphambili, xa iMebach eneminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe anesihlanu yayingasasebenzi, imoto yokuqala yaseMebaba yakhiwa kwisityalo seFriedrichshafen. Ngeli xesha, umgca weemodeli zelwimi eliqhelekileyo landa kakhulu. Imoto ebiza kakhulu inguMebach Exelero, ixabiso eliyi- $ 8 yezigidi.